Umbau des Sozialstaates? Österreich und Deutschland im Vergleich

In comparative analysis of welfare states, there is a consensus that mature welfare state systems have been confronted, for some considerable time, with substantial pressure towards re-structuring and that, as a result, they actually have undertaken several and varied modifications. This articles aims at exploring and analysing these developments in Austria and Germany from a comparative point of view. The analysis concentrates on two vital fields of social policy: old-age insurance and unemployment insurance. Especially in respect of the development of social policy and regarding important characteristics of the two welfare state systems, both countries traditionally show a large degree of resemblance to each other. Many similarities remained to exist during the phase of growing pressures on the welfare state, whereas at the same time it is evident that differences between the two countries increased. The respective actual developments will be interpreted in the light of corresponding theories of comparative welfare state research and classified as gradual and structural changes.     

embodying memory: women and the legacy of the military government in Chile

The article argues that the prohibition of abortion in Chile, other than when the mother's life is in danger, is a form of human rights violation targeting women specifically. The Pro-Birth Policy was established in Pinochet's Chile as a response to the previous government's attempts, under Allende, to encourage family planning and to educate and inform women about their choices. This had been done to put an end to the increase in back-street abortions with the inevitable toll on women's lives. Pinochet's regime reversed these women-oriented family planning policies, and criminalized abortion, on the basis of costs to the state and, more importantly, the need to increase the birth rate for reasons of national security. Women's bodies were used by the Pinochet regime, both by sexual violence and torture, and by the denial of women's reproductive and sexual rights, as a means to impose discipline and order on society. The fact that this is still not acknowledged in the construction of a collective memory indicates that the issue has not yet been resolved in democratic Chile.     

东南沿海劳动密集型企业西移的构想

李嘉图的比较成本理论对东南沿海的劳动密集型企业向西部地区转移具有重要指导作用.根据这一理论及中国的特殊国情--地域辽阔、区域层次复杂,设想把东南沿海劳动密集型企业西移,并从现实条件以及战略意义方面论证"西移"的构想是可行的,而且它对东南沿海和西部地区来说都存在"双赢".     

Comingin From the Cold

<正>Having fought each other to a standstill over the Ukrainian crisis,the United States and Russia seek a path to peaceful coexistence On June 25,Russian President Vladimir Putin gave U.S.President Barack Obama a telephone call.This was the first direct talk between the two heads of state since February,and was described by NBC News as     

CHINA’S DIPLOMACY IN TRANSITION

正The new Chinese leadership aims to create a favorable international environment for the country's developmentChina’s diplomacy in 2013 was eye-catch ing due to the leadership change in the country and the reinvigoration of reform The spirit of reform and a world vision,which China’s new leadership inherits from their pre decessors,are the soul of Chinese diplomacy today.Today’s world The current situation is quite different from when China’s reform and opening up started in the late 1970s.China’s national strength has grown exponentially since then.As a result,the     

“伊斯兰国”的建立对印度的影响

伊拉克和叙利亚主要逊尼派地区的恐怖主义组织"伊斯兰国"的建立引起了国际社会的广泛关注,该组织恣意猖獗,吸引国外青年热捧并加入该组织。毫不例外,印度也受"伊斯兰国"宣传攻势的影响,部分印度穆斯林成为该组织的成员。伊斯兰国实施的恐怖活动危及到印度侨民的安全,该组织夺占油田和破坏输油管道的行为影响印度的经济,它所宣称的领土范围包括印度北部地区,这些都对印度的国家安全构成了一定威胁。因此,印度除了积极撤离侨民外,还采取了与中东国家建立广泛的情报交换系统等措施,并取得了一定的成效。     

Why Have Chinese Reforms Come to a Halt? The Political Economic Logic of Unfinished Transformation

This study approaches the Chinese reform process from a political-economic point of view, focusing primarily on institutional changes. Besides revealing the main factors behind the different phases of the reforms, it argues that in the framework of the current authoritarian regime, vested interests work against the continuation of the reforms, making it impossible to fully establish the institutional framework of a market economy. Current rents and privileges also deter the elite from implementing serious political reforms, leading to a trap that prevents the completion of the transition process.