Lethal child abuse (through the use of physical force) in the German Democratic Republic during the period 1 January 1985 to 2 October 1990. Results of a multicenter study

No reliable data are available on cases of lethal child abuse (by active force) in the area of the former German Democratic Republic. In a multicenter study we therefore examined the police and court records for such cases occurring in the period 1 January 1985 to 2 October 1990 in the entire area of the former German Democratic Republic. RESULTS: The study center received information on 39 cases of lethal child abuse which correspond to approximately 7 cases per year. However, a low percentage of undetected crimes which cannot be determined more precisely has to be taken into consideration. Almost 40% of the victims were younger than 1 year, 73% of the victims showed indications of repeated ill-treatment. The effects caused by using direct blunt forces, against the head in particular, were by far the most frequent causes of death. The male contact person (the victim's father, brother or stepfather as well as the life companion of the child's mother in particular) killed the child in most of the cases. As far as it is known, 37% of the male/female offenders suffered from chronic alcoholism; 32% of the male/female offenders were under the influence of alcohol when the crime happened. 83% of the male/female offenders who were found guilty made a confession shortly after the crime had happened or during the interrogations. Almost all the male/female offenders were sentenced to prison (the duration of the imprisonment varied between one year and for life). Due to the considerably lower section rate compared to the one in the German Democratic Republic, it is to fear that each second fatal child abuse is not detected in the new federal states.     

(Non-)complexity through the eyes of MiFID

The European Commission recently published legislative proposals to reform the Markets In Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID). This note elaborates on the proposed shift in classification of “structured Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities (UCITS)”. While MiFID I labeled all UCITS “non-complex”, MiFID II deems all structured UCITS “complex”. We propose a logical and consistent framework to refine this dichotomy and identify a limited number of product types amongst the various kinds of structured investments. The classification is traceable, comprehensible and is proposed as the basis of a “complexity indicator” that surpasses the current generalisation.     

Zur Durchführung eines Kontrollverfahrens für ökologischen Landbau als Staatsaufgabe (hoheitliche Befugnisse)

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Ausschluss von Mobilfunkanlagen durch gemeindliche Bauleitplanung

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Aussetzungsantrag gegen einen Planfeststellungsbeschluss für den Neubau einer 380-kV-Hochspannungsfreileitung

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Ungehmigter Ausbau eines Gewässers unter Zerstörung eines nach § 28a NNatG geschützten Röhricht-Biotops

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