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排序方式: 共有139条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Ruth Peters Mimi Lusli Marjolein Zweekhorst Beatriz Miranda-Galarza Wim van Brakel Irwanto 《Development in Practice》2015,25(8):1105-1119
International attention for disability recognises that it plays an important role in persistent poverty. Leprosy can cause preventable disability. Stigma associated with leprosy often has greater implications for people affected than physical impairments. The Stigma Assessment and Reduction of Impact (SARI) project in Indonesia employs an action research methodology to develop stigma reduction interventions. By exploring the different mindsets of the stakeholders in the reconnaissance phase of the project, the project identified differences in aspirations, attitudes to research, and conflicting intrinsic models of disability. The differences in mindsets are not symptoms of failure but, rather, should be actively sought out. 相似文献
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The contribution of lobby regulation initiatives in addressing political corruption in Latin America
Luiz Alberto dos Santos Paulo Mauricio Teixeira da Costa 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2014,14(3-4):379-391
For most of its history, Latin America has lived under authoritarian and elite rule where public decisions were often crafted in the shadows by cabinets and parliaments to the benefit of a small minority. Recently, the development of participatory political systems has brought some transparency to the policy-making process. Such scrutiny reveals evidence of the capture of aspects of policy-making by private interests that use obscure strategies to achieve their political goals. As a consequence, a widespread movement for regulating the role and tactics of interest groups emerged, which is seen as a necessary step to address the root causes of political corruption. This article provides an overview of efforts to regulate lobbying in Latin America. It explains attempts at regulation in four countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Peru), evaluates the level of success of these efforts, and assesses prospects for the future regarding reducing corruption through the instrument of lobby regulations. The authors argue that such regulations alone cannot eliminate political corruption. However, lobby regulations can contribute to increased transparency and aid in developing an anti-corruption culture. It will be shown that lobby laws in Latin America exhibit many of the problems long identified with similar regulations across western democracies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
65.
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a relatively new solventless sample preparation technique that allows simultaneous sampling, extraction, pre-concentration, and introduction of analytes from a sample matrix in a single procedure. This methodology has been used for the analysis of several drugs of forensic toxicology interest including volatile compounds. This paper describes a methodology for analysis of ethanol and other volatile compounds using automatic headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and capillary gas chromatography in postmortem specimens. The methodology was initially developed using standard solutions of acetaldehyde, acetone, methanol, and ethanol. Isobutanol was used as internal standard. Postmortem samples of blood, urine, and vitreous humor were obtained during medico-legal autopsies. To date, there are no published paper regarding alcohol analysis in vitreous humor specimens using HS-SPME and limited literature analyzing blood and urine samples. HS-SPME analysis showed that, under optimized conditions, ethanol and isobutanol (internal standard) were well-separated from other volatile compounds such as acetaldehyde, acetone, and methanol considered to be potential interferents in ethanol analysis. The calibration curves for each volatile compound demonstrated good linearity throughout the concentration range from 0.001 to 1.0 g/dl and the detection limit of ethanol in the studied specimens was approximately 0.0001 g/dl. 相似文献
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POPULATION: Over 259 unrelated individuals from the State of Sergipe (Northeastern Brazil). 相似文献
68.
Quintans B Beleza S Brion M Sanchez-Diz P Lareu M Carracedo A 《Forensic science international》2003,131(2-3):220-224
Haplotype, allele frequencies and population data of eight Y-chromosome STR loci, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, GATA A10, GATA A7.1, GATA A7.2, GATA C4 and GATA H4, were determined from a sample of 212 unrelated male individuals from Galicia (NW of Spain). 相似文献
69.
Gusmão L Sánchez-Diz P Alves C Quintáns B García-Poveda E Geada H Raimondi E Silva de la Fuente SM Vide MC Whittle MR Zarrabeitia MT Carvalho M Negreiros V Prieto Solla L Riancho JA Campos-Sánchez R Vieira-Silva C Toscanini U Amorim A Carracedo A;GEP-ISFG 《Forensic science international》2003,135(2):150-157
The Spanish and Portuguese ISFG Working Group (GEP-ISFG) carried out a collaborative exercise in order to asses the performance of two Y chromosome STR tetraplexes, which include the loci DYS461, GATA C4, DYS437 and DYS438 (GEPY I), and DYS460, GATA A10, GATA H4 and DYS439 (GEPY II). The groups that reported correct results in all the systems were also asked to analyse a population sample in order to evaluate the informative content of these STRs in different populations. A total of 1020 males out of 13 population samples from Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Macao, Mozambique, Portugal and Spain were analysed for all the loci included in the present study. Haplotype and allele frequencies of these eight Y-STRs were estimated in all samples. The lowest haplotype diversity was found in the Lara (Argentina) population (95.44%) and the highest (99.90%) in Macao (China). Pairwise haplotype analysis showed the relative homogeneity of the Iberian origin samples, in accordance with what was previously found in the European populations for other Y-STR haplotypes (http://www.ystr.org). As expected, the four non-Caucasian samples, Macao (Chinese), Mozambique (Africans), Costa Rica (Africans) and Argentina (Lara, Amerindians), show highly significant Phist values in the pairwise comparisons with all the Caucasian samples. 相似文献
70.
Sudden unexplained death among persons 1-35 years old 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sudden unexplained death (SUD) on children and young people is unusual, although the real magnitude is unknown. The clinical and physiopathological characteristics are poorly defined. The aim of this work is to analyse the epidemiological, clinical and pathological characteristics of SUD on children and young people. In this population observational study, all sudden non-violent deaths between 1 and 35 years occurred in Bizkaia (north Spain) from 1991 to 1998 were investigated, analysing those diagnosed as SUD. Pathological records, circumstances of death and autopsy findings were obtained. Out of 107 cases of sudden death (SD), 19 were SUD. The mortality rate of SUD was 0.43/100,000 persons per year. Five had pathological antecedents: syncopal episodes in three cases and tachycardia and ventricular extrasystoles one each. The initial symptom was sudden collapse (N=13). In four cases, a precipitating factor was identified (two physical exercise and two emotional stress). Six cases died during sleep. Minimal pathological findings in coronary arteries, myocardium or conduction system was found in nine cases. Heart weight increased (under interval of confidence of 95%) was present in 12 cases. In conclusion, the SUD is very infrequent in children and young people. However, it has great clinical significance because it affects people in good health and occurs without warning symptoms. Some of these cases can be due to cardiac arrhythmias. In deaths in bed there is a high frequency of SUD. In the future, it may be possible that abnormalities at a molecular level will be detected in some of the cases identified today as SUD. 相似文献