Zwischen Biologisierung des Sozialen und neuer Biosozialität: Dynamiken der biopolitischen Grenzüberschreitung

The article deals with recent developments in the field of biopolitics, which may lead to a fundamental change in the relationship between medicine, society and the individual. While the social scientific debates evaluated these developments rather controversial, there seems to be a tacit consensus regarding the homogeneity of the biopolitical field: its dynamics is interpreted either in terms of a biologisation and naturalisation of social life or in terms of increasing individual self-determination and of the emerging new forms of biosociality. This opposition is, however, ignoring the fact that, within biopolitics, we are rather facing different and heterogeneous social and technological dynamics. To comprehend this complexity, we are discerning four biopolitical dynamics: the extension of medical diagnosis, the extension of therapies and medical technologies, the detemporalisation of illness and the direct enhancement of human nature. These dynamics are not only questioning well-established conceptions of human nature, but tend to affect or even undermine the distinctions between health/illness and therapy/enhancement. In our conclusion, we are addressing the question of possible social limits to these tendencies of biopolitical transgressing of boundaries.     

An Operational Code Analysis of China’s National Defense White Papers: 1998-2015

Journal of Chinese Political Science - Scholarly efforts to predict the future character of the U.S.-China relationship abound. Few however looks to leaders’ beliefs as valid explanatory...     

Ritual and racism: A Social-Historical Analysis of the Crack Sentencing Guidelines

Through the lens of ritual theory, this essay considers the pseudo-religious dimension of white supremacy in the U.S. judicial and penal systems by performing a case study analysis of the federal crack sentencing guidelines. In contrast to previous works on the war on drugs, this essay provides a more integratedunderstanding of the relationship between racism and capitalism within these systems. It achieves this by assessing the ritualistic roles people play in reenacting long-standing cultural practices that have historically been employed as a mechanism for the social and economic control of blacks. With this approach,the key issue in understanding racism becomes one of highlighting the repetition of historic patterns instead of attempting to discern the individual intentions of lawmakers. Finally, this approach also points to the complex ways in which people from different races and classes can be ironicallybound together in support of racist policies and class hierarchies.     

Distanziertes Mitleiden. Katastrophische Ereignisse,Massenmedien und kulturelle Transformation

Ausgehend von der Großkatastrophe am Staudamm von Vajont (Italien) in den 1960er Jahren diskutiert der Beitrag die moderne gesellschaftliche Risikoerfahrung. Risiko-katastrophische Ereignisse sind hybride Prozesse aus sozialen, technischen und ?natürlichen“ Bestandteilen, die zum Gegenstand symbolischer, diskursiver Konflikte werden. In der öffentlichen Risikokommunikation konkurrieren eine Kontroll- und eine Gefahrennarration um die legitime Interpretation solcher Katastrophen. Dabei begünstigen die Aufmerksamkeitsstrukturen der Massenmedien dramatisierende Darstellungen. Die gesellschaftliche Katastrophenerfahrung ist eine medienvermittelte Erfahrung aus der Distanz. Sie konstituiert temporäre, flüchtige Gefahrengemeinschaften. In diesem Prozess werden Risiko-Katastrophen zum Kristallisationspunkt sozialer Dramen, in deren Verlauf sich die entsprechenden, massenmedial organisierten Erfahrungskollektive über ihre Identität sowie die Grundlagen ihres Agierens in Raum und Zeit verständigen. Die Katastrophenberichterstattung oszilliert dabei zwischen zu viel und zu wenig Aufmerksamkeit; daraus entsteht ein ?risikogesellschaftliches Paradoxon“: Mit der Häufigkeit von Katastrophen sinkt ihr Skandalwert; Katastrophenerfahrung wird normalisiert. Je seltener sich Katastrophen ereignen, desto wahrscheinlicher wird ihre mediale Repräsentation und öffentliche Wirkung.     

Child deaths in Virginia, 1996: a review of investigations of sudden, unexpected, or unnatural deaths of children less than age 13

This study examines the consistency of investigative procedures used by the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, law enforcement, and child protective services, when investigating the violent, sudden, unexpected, or unnatural deaths of children. The study also assessed the status of communication and cooperation among the investigating agencies, to determine whether improvements in the level of cooperation and communication among the systems recommended by prior legislative studies had been achieved. The subjects of this study were children from birth through age 12 who died a sudden, unexpected, or unnatural death in Virginia in 1996. The findings from this research provide both justification to celebrate the progress that has been made and the stimulus to improve the investigation into the sudden, unexpected, or unnatural deaths of children in Virginia. Data suggested that the level of cooperation and communication among child protective services workers, medical examiners, and law enforcement personnel in Virginia had increased between 1986 and 1996. The results demonstrated that some investigative procedures were consistent, especially within regional boundaries. However, the results also showed that inconsistencies exist in the way some deaths are investigated, and that room for improvement exists.