Micro-XRF法检测肺内抗酸性硅质颗粒及其在溺死诊断中的应用

目的利用微束X射线荧光光谱（microbeam X-ray fluorescence,Micro-XRF）分析技术检测肺内抗酸性硅质颗粒,并探讨其在法医学溺死诊断中的应用价值。方法将32只大白兔随机分为溺死组（n=12）、死后入水组（n=10）和对照组（n=10）,分别提取现场水样和各组肺组织。采用Micro-XRF法测定现场水样和肺组织中抗酸性硅质颗粒的面积含量。结果现场水样中抗酸性硅质颗粒面积含量为4.4mm^2/mL;溺死组、死后入水组、对照组肺组织中抗酸性硅质颗粒面积含量分别为（25.30±10.95）mm^2/g、（1.68±0.63）mm^2/g、（1.65±0.85）mm^2/g;溺死组肺组织中抗酸性硅质颗粒面积含量较死后入水组、对照组差异有统计学意义。结论肺内抗酸性硅质颗粒面积含量可作为一种溺死诊断的指标,Micro-XRF测定法灵敏度高、分析速度快,在法医学溺死诊断中具有潜在的应用价值。     

The impact of race/ethnicity, neighborhood context, and police/citizen interaction on residents' attitudes toward the police

The purpose of this study was to extend the current knowledge of public attitudes toward the police. Independent variables derived from three models, the demographic, the neighborhood context, and the police/citizen interaction models, were used to explain public perceptions of the police. More specifically, public attitudes toward the police was measured in two dimensions— General Attitudes toward the police and Specific Trust in the police. The data was obtained by a telephone survey of 756 respondents in Houston, TX in 2008. The primary findings suggested that race, gender, age, victimization, and satisfaction with police work were significant predictors. Hispanic respondents reported lower levels of General Attitudes toward the police than their White counterparts. In addition, there was no significant difference between Whites and Hispanics in terms of Specific Trust in police such as the use of Taser guns. These results and their practical implications for police agencies were addressed in discussion.     

新闻监督对司法公正影响之探析

新闻监督对促进司法公正有着不可代替的积极作用,但是,它犹如一把双刃剑,如果运用不当就可能适得其反,给司法公正带来消极影响。本文拟就新闻监督对司法公正产生负面影响的原因进行不同角度的分析,并就两者之间的良性互动提出自己的看法。     

西安汉族HLA-Cw基因座遗传多态性研究

目的研究西安汉族HLA-Cw基因座遗传多态性,建立西安汉族HLA-Cw基因座基因频率数据库。方法采用序列特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交技术(PCR-SSOP)对130位西安汉族无关个体HLA-Cw基因座进行基因分型。结果共检出16种等位基因,基因频率分布在0.0077～0.1588,其中HLA-Cw*01、03、07基因频率较高,PCR-SSOP分型技术使西安汉族HLA-Cw空白频率降至0.0182。结论西安汉族HLA-Cw基因座基因型分布符合Handy-Weinberg平衡定律,所得到的基因频率数据可为临床器官移植配型、人类学、法医学提供重要的群体遗传学资料。     

王船山《正蒙注》的存神尽性论(下)

四、存神尽性 以上所论是<正蒙注>的心性论观点,现在来看<正蒙注>存神尽性的功夫论.船山在对<正蒙>的太和篇的解释中,在许多横渠论天道的地方都转向了人道的解释,如他在对<正蒙>"不如野马纲缊,不足谓之太和"的解释中,便特别提出,人生的理想境界是"肖太和之本体":此言体道者不于物感未交、喜怒哀乐未倚之中,合气于神,合神于性,以健顺五常之理融会于清通,生气变化而有滞有息,则不足以肖太和之本体,而用亦不足以行矣.(太和)[42]     

Institutions of the Offensive: Domestic Sources of Dispute Initiation in Authoritarian Regimes, 1950–1992

What are the most important sources of institutional variation among authoritarian regimes, and how do such institutions influence these dictatorships' propensity to initiate military disputes? This article argues that most existing studies in both comparative politics and international relations employ a flawed conceptualization of authoritarian institutions. Excessive focus on the personalization or institutionalization of authoritarian regimes' decision‐making procedures has distracted attention from the more critical issue of what institutions these regimes deploy to enhance social control and secure political incumbency. Since military regimes are systematically less effective than single‐party regimes at developing these types of authoritarian institutions, they more frequently resort to desperate measures to fend off domestic challenges to their power. In particular, we find compelling empirical support for our hypothesis that military regimes are more likely than single‐party regimes to initiate military disputes, irrespective of whether those regimes are highly personalized or not.     

The impact of two Los Angeles County Teen Courts on youth recidivism: comparing two informal probation programs

Objective

This study sought to examine the impact of two Teen Courts operating in Los Angeles County, a juvenile justice system diversion program in which youths are judged by their peers and given restorative sentences to complete during a period of supervision.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was used to compare youths who participated in Teen Courts (n = 112) to youths who participated in another diversion program administered by the Probation Department (the 654 Contract program) (n = 194). Administrative data were abstracted from the probation records for all youths who participated in these programs between January 1, 2012 and June 20, 2014. Logistic and survival models were used to examine differences in recidivism, measured as whether the minor had any subsequent arrest or arrests for which the charge was filed.

Results

Comparison group participants had higher rates of recidivism than Teen Court participants, after controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and risk level. While the magnitude of the program effects were fairly consistent across model specifications (odd ratios comparing Teen Court [referent] to school-based 654 Contract ranging from 1.95 to 3.07, hazard ratios ranging from 1.62 to 2.27), differences were not statistically significant in all scenarios.

Conclusions

While this study provides modest support for the positive impact of Teen Court, additional research is needed in order to better understand how juvenile diversion programs can improve youth outcomes.

     

禁毒情报地理信息系统应用研究

禁毒情报与地理信息系统的结合可以把与禁毒有关的信息资源与对应空间地理数据集成在GIS平台之上,更好地实现信息的共享、智能筛选和案件线索关联分析。在此基础上通过研究禁毒情报地理信息系统在关联分析图形化、强制关联、“模式化”智能侦查分析等方面的应用技术,可以提高效率、节约警力、促进科技强警。