王船山《正蒙注》的存神尽性论(下)

四、存神尽性 以上所论是<正蒙注>的心性论观点,现在来看<正蒙注>存神尽性的功夫论.船山在对<正蒙>的太和篇的解释中,在许多横渠论天道的地方都转向了人道的解释,如他在对<正蒙>"不如野马纲缊,不足谓之太和"的解释中,便特别提出,人生的理想境界是"肖太和之本体":此言体道者不于物感未交、喜怒哀乐未倚之中,合气于神,合神于性,以健顺五常之理融会于清通,生气变化而有滞有息,则不足以肖太和之本体,而用亦不足以行矣.(太和)[42]     

论和谐社会的法治构建

和谐社会是一个民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会，其实质上是法治社会，是法治保障的稳定、有序、发展的社会。法律的性质和特征决定了法治在构建和谐社会中具有不可替代的作用。     

Institutions of the Offensive: Domestic Sources of Dispute Initiation in Authoritarian Regimes, 1950–1992

What are the most important sources of institutional variation among authoritarian regimes, and how do such institutions influence these dictatorships' propensity to initiate military disputes? This article argues that most existing studies in both comparative politics and international relations employ a flawed conceptualization of authoritarian institutions. Excessive focus on the personalization or institutionalization of authoritarian regimes' decision‐making procedures has distracted attention from the more critical issue of what institutions these regimes deploy to enhance social control and secure political incumbency. Since military regimes are systematically less effective than single‐party regimes at developing these types of authoritarian institutions, they more frequently resort to desperate measures to fend off domestic challenges to their power. In particular, we find compelling empirical support for our hypothesis that military regimes are more likely than single‐party regimes to initiate military disputes, irrespective of whether those regimes are highly personalized or not.     

The impact of two Los Angeles County Teen Courts on youth recidivism: comparing two informal probation programs

Objective

This study sought to examine the impact of two Teen Courts operating in Los Angeles County, a juvenile justice system diversion program in which youths are judged by their peers and given restorative sentences to complete during a period of supervision.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was used to compare youths who participated in Teen Courts (n = 112) to youths who participated in another diversion program administered by the Probation Department (the 654 Contract program) (n = 194). Administrative data were abstracted from the probation records for all youths who participated in these programs between January 1, 2012 and June 20, 2014. Logistic and survival models were used to examine differences in recidivism, measured as whether the minor had any subsequent arrest or arrests for which the charge was filed.

Results

Comparison group participants had higher rates of recidivism than Teen Court participants, after controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and risk level. While the magnitude of the program effects were fairly consistent across model specifications (odd ratios comparing Teen Court [referent] to school-based 654 Contract ranging from 1.95 to 3.07, hazard ratios ranging from 1.62 to 2.27), differences were not statistically significant in all scenarios.

Conclusions

While this study provides modest support for the positive impact of Teen Court, additional research is needed in order to better understand how juvenile diversion programs can improve youth outcomes.

     

Uneven Opening of China's Society,Economy, and Politics: pro-growth authoritarian governance and protests in China

This article evaluates China's model of development, especially its main component, i.e. its model of governance. It suggests that China's model of development is marked by an imbalance between fast opening of the economy and the society and sluggish opening of the political system. The Chinese society has become much more open, reflected in the Chinese growing awareness of their legal rights. The Chinese economy has become highly internationalized and open, but much of Chinese politics is closed. China's governance is marked by pro-growth authoritarianism. The Chinese state is effective in opening up the economy, promoting reform, and generating economic growth, but offers weak protection of people's rights and ineffectual mitigation of social grievances. These imbalances help produce social protests. Viable solutions are discussed.     

禁毒情报地理信息系统应用研究

禁毒情报与地理信息系统的结合可以把与禁毒有关的信息资源与对应空间地理数据集成在GIS平台之上,更好地实现信息的共享、智能筛选和案件线索关联分析。在此基础上通过研究禁毒情报地理信息系统在关联分析图形化、强制关联、“模式化”智能侦查分析等方面的应用技术,可以提高效率、节约警力、促进科技强警。     

云南苗族常染色体STR遗传多态性及其遗传结构分析

目的研究云南苗族常染色体9个STR基因座遗传多态性并分析其遗传结构。方法采用荧光标记PCR复合扩增、基因扫描自动分型技术调查了87名云南苗族无关健康个体9个STR基因座等位基因分布情况。结果9个基因座共检出52种等位基因和109种基因型,等位基因频率分布在0.005 7～0.718 4。经计算杂合度(H)为0.402 3～0.8161、多态信息量(PIC)为0.4090～0.8057、个体识别力(DP)为0.6429～0.943 6、非父排除率(PE)为0.115 3～0.565 4。x~2检验显示所有基因座均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。聚类分析结果显示,苗族、僳僳族、傣族、德昂族、普米族及景颇族遗传关系较近。结论为进一步研究STR遗传结构奠定了基础,在人类学、法医学等领域也有重要的应用价值。     

Employment effect of dismissal pay in the presence of judicial mistakes

Existing studies either overlook the importance of the juridical enforcement of employment protection legislation in determining the labor market consequences of dismissal payments or else neglect the possibly judicial biases caused by a tight labor market due to the assumption of exogenous judicial errors. By calling for endogenously determined judicial errors, this paper not only traces the effect of a firing litigation on employment, but also explores the possible effects of labor market conditions on judicial mistakes. We show that worse labor market conditions (a larger dismissal pay) will induce judges to be more favorable toward fired workers (firms). Thus, a higher level of unemployment (a larger dismissal pay) will decrease (increase) the possibility of a type-1 error and increase (decrease) the possibility of a type-2 error. It is also shown that, while a policy that lowers a type-1 error will increase the employment level, a lower type-2 error, somewhat surprisingly, will not necessarily have a positive effect on employment. Besides, in departing from the findings of previous analyses, we find that dismissal pay can either increase or decrease the employment level, with this crucially depending on the probability of juridical mistakes.     

为珠三角地区科学发展提供法律服务和法律保障

《珠江三角洲地区改革发展规划纲要》（以下简称〈纲要〉）的颁布实施为珠三角地区的发展带来巨大动力,也为佛山经济社会发展带来机遇。科学发展观作为马克思主义中国化的最新成果,是发展中国特色社会主义必须坚持和贯彻的重大战略思想。当前,司法行政工作的重点就要紧紧围绕《纲要》的实施开展各项工作,以科学发展观为统领,全面履行司法行政工作法制宣传、法律服务、法律保障三大职能作用,为《纲要》的实施提供法律服务和法律保障。     

酒精在人体内的代谢动力学研究

将16名健康男性志愿者随机分为两组，分别按含酒精0．65g／kg和0．80g／kg体重的剂量给予酒精饮料，于酒后不同时间点采取静脉血样。用乙醇脱氨酶（ADH）氧化分析法测血样酒精浓度（BAC），所得浓度-时间数据经用药代动力学软件分析拟合。结果表明，酒精在人体内的代谢符合非线性消除伴一级吸收的一室开放模型。据此，作者建立了描述酒精在人体内动态变化规律的数学模型。经验证，该模型符合度良好，可用于司法实践。