Betriebsübergang bei Veräußerung eines Miethauses im Hinblick auf das Hausbesorgerdienstverhältnis

Vor dem Hintergrund der bestandrechtlichen Rechtslage und den Besonderheiten des Hausbesorgerdienstverh?ltnisses ist unter dem Aspekt der Erlangung der ma?geblichen "Verfügungsbefugnis" über den Betrieb davon auszugehen, dass diese noch nicht nachgewiesen wurde, wenn weder nachgewiesen ist, dass die Bestandverh?ltnisse übergegangen sind, noch, dass der einzige "Arbeitnehmer" – der Hausbesorger – von der übernahme und den neuen Verfügungsbefugnissen informiert wurde.     

A case of multiple assignments (paternity/maternity) in an equine-out breeding system

Recently, the use of DNA markers has provided a more accurate method of identifying individuals and verifying parentage. In this report, we describe foal assignment in a farm bred jumping horses (Silla argentino). Ten mares were freely served by two stallions, resulting in nine foals. Weaning occurred without registration of the mare of each offspring, resulting in a failure to identify either the mare or the sire of each foal. Animals were typed using 12 microsatellite systems and four biochemical polymorphisms in order to determine the paternity/maternity of each foal. We used the CERVUS program to evaluate the parentage of each offspring. It was possible to determine maternity in eight cases, and paternity in all of them. We concluded that this set of codominant markers analyzed following a likelihood-based approach included in the CERVUS package, are useful tools to solve parentage assignments in domestic horses.     

Post-mortem forensic neuroimaging: correlation of MSCT and MRI findings with autopsy results

Multislice-computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used for forensic purposes. Based on broad experience in clinical neuroimaging, post-mortem MSCT and MRI were performed in 57 forensic cases with the goal to evaluate the radiological methods concerning their usability for forensic head and brain examination. An experienced clinical radiologist evaluated the imaging data. The results were compared to the autopsy findings that served as the gold standard with regard to common forensic neurotrauma findings such as skull fractures, soft tissue lesions of the scalp, various forms of intracranial hemorrhage or signs of increased brain pressure. The sensitivity of the imaging methods ranged from 100% (e.g., heat-induced alterations, intracranial gas) to zero (e.g., mediobasal impression marks as a sign of increased brain pressure, plaques jaunes). The agreement between MRI and CT was 69%. The radiological methods prevalently failed in the detection of lesions smaller than 3mm of size, whereas they were generally satisfactory concerning the evaluation of intracranial hemorrhage. Due to its advanced 2D and 3D post-processing possibilities, CT in particular possessed certain advantages in comparison with autopsy with regard to forensic reconstruction. MRI showed forensically relevant findings not seen during autopsy in several cases. The partly limited sensitivity of imaging that was observed in this retrospective study was based on several factors: besides general technical limitations it became apparent that clinical radiologists require a sound basic forensic background in order to detect specific signs. Focused teaching sessions will be essential to improve the outcome in future examinations. On the other hand, the autopsy protocols should be further standardized to allow an exact comparison of imaging and autopsy data. In consideration of these facts, MRI and CT have the power to play an important role in future forensic neuropathological examination.     

Nationaler Naturschutz und Europäisches Gentechnikrecht

Im Oktober 2005 best?tigte ein Urteil des Europ?ischen Gerichts Erster Instanz (EuG) eine Kommissionsentscheidung aus dem Jahre 2003, in der diese entscheidende Regelungen des ober?sterreichischen Gentechnikverbotsgesetzes für unvereinbar mit EU-Recht hielt. Das Verfahren war insoweit von gro?er Bedeutung, als damit erstmalig ein EU-Gericht zu nationalen Regelungen Stellung nahm, welche den Schutz von Biodiversit?t und gentechnikfreier Landwirtschaft vor den Risiken der Agro-Gentechnik betreffen. Im folgenden Beitrag wird das Urteil einer kritischen Analyse unterzogen.     

Childhood Adversities and Suicide Attempts: A Retrospective Study

The aim of the study was to assess the association among various childhood adversities and suicide attempts. A total of 575 patients of a psychosomatic clinic and general practitioners were examined by use of a structured interview. Seventeen percent of the sample reported a suicide attempt in the past. In particular, two forms of early violence (i.e., sexual abuse and harsh physical punishment) were associated with an increased risk for suicide attempts. In addition, financial hardship was associated with an increased risk for suicide attempts. Parental separation or divorce, and physical arguments between parents, increased the risk only in a bivariate analysis; after controlling for other adversities, no association with suicide attempts remained. Suicide attempts can be considered as an act of violence against oneself; they are associated with early experiences of sexual and physical violence.     

Artenschutz in der Rechtssprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs

Mit einer Reihe jüngerer Urteile hat der EuGH die Fundamente einer einheitlichen Anwendung des Artenschutzrechts nach der Habitatrichtlinie 92/43 gelegt. Insbesondere seine Feststellungen zum Begriff der Absicht verleihen den einschl?gigen Bestimmungen gro?e Wirkung, doch sollte man diese nicht überspannen, indem man sie ungeprüft auf den Vogelschutz übertr?gt. Weitere Klarstellungen betreffen den Schutz von Fortpflanzungs- und Ruhest?tten, die Verpflichtung zu vorbeugenden Schutzma?nahmen und die Ausnahmen vom Artenschutz. Insbesondere im Licht dieser Rechtsprechung erweisen sich die Vorschl?ge zur ?nderung des Bundesnaturschutzgesetzes nur teilweise als geeignet, Umsetzungsm?ngel zu beseitigen.