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241.
242.
This paper examines, through argument analysis & grid-group model, how cultural bias, as the frame of reference of an advocacy coalition (AC), brings about irresolvable conflicts and produces divided arguments between coalitions for development and conservation in Koreas Saemangeum project. Based on different cultural biases, two ACs – the advocacy coalition for development (ACD) and the advocacy coalition for conservation (ACC) – interpreted the same facts differently in line with their cultural orientations and ways of life. The dynamic argument patterns reflected each coalitions cultural bias, which restricted the frame of reference of actors in each AC. After reviewing argument analysis as an analytic tool, we introduce cultural theoryin which ways of life, consisting of cultural biases and social relations, amplify the irresolvable conflicts between two ACs. Second, to show the culturally constructed nature of the conflicts, we analyze the contrasting arguments between the ACD (dominated by a hierarchy bias) and ACC (led by egalitarianism) in the Saemangeum project. Third, we discuss the implications of Mary Douglas and Aaron Wildavskys cultural theoryto advocacy coalition framework (ACF) as follows: 1) constraining effects on inter-coalitional learning by cultural biases, 2) coexistence of different solidarities under a coalition, and 3) asymmetric relationships between parties in a coalition. 相似文献
243.
This study investigated how contextual factors affect the processing of child sexual abuse cases, from reporting to sentencing. We analyzed three types of data: (a) data compiled by the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape from monthly reports by all rape crisis centers in the state; (b) data from the Pennsylvania Office of Children, Youth, and Families; and (c) sentencing data from the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing. Results indicated that aggregate rates of reporting, substantiation, and sentencing were affected by county levels of expenditure. In addition, reporting and substantiation were affected by county-level factors, such that rural counties, counties with a higher percentage of individuals living below the poverty level, counties with higher expenditures, and counties with a higher percentage of stranger assaults had higher rates of child sexual abuse reporting. 相似文献
244.
This article examines the nature of political and institutional reform initiatives that have been carried out under former president Kim Young Sam. How effective have they been in consolidating democracy in Korea? Specifically, we examine why the Kim Young Sam government's political reform campaigns have been limited, and explore the impact of this limitation on his institutional reform initiatives and the process of consolidation of democracy in Korea. We argue that Kim Young Sam's initial political reform campaigns have contributed to creating a favorable environment for his institutional reform efforts. However, limitations of these initial political reform campaigns such as political funding and bribery scandals have hampered institutional reforms. We also argue that these difficulties were intensified by public dissatisfaction with Korea's poor economic performance and International Monetary Fund (IMF) financial assistance. As a result, Kim Young Sam's moral legitimacy as a civilian and reform-oriented leader toward the public has totally evaporated. Therefore, experiences under the Kim Young Sam administration are just trials and errors of democratization that show another failure in presidential leadership in Korea. These experiences will negatively affect the consolidation process of democracy in Korea by increasing the public's distrust of government as a whole. As a result, democratic consolidation in Korea is being delayed. 相似文献
245.
246.
Abstract. We propose a measure of voter ideology which combines party manifesto data compiled by Budge, Robertson, Heari, Klingemann, and Volkens (1992) and updated by Volkens (1995), with election return data. Assuming the comparability and relevance of leftright ideology, we estimate the median voter position in 15 Western democracies throughout most of the postwar period. The plausibility of our assumptions, and therefore the validity of our measure, is supported by the results of several validity tests. With this new measure we are able to make crossnational comparisons of voter ideology among these countries as well as crosstime comparisons within individual countries. We discuss the potential application of our measure to various debates in political science. 相似文献
247.
By analyzing a survey in the Tianjin area, this article investigates the problems and profitability of joint ventures in China,
and draws some policy implications. The authors find that there are a number of systemic constraints on the profitability
of joint ventures, such as input and foreign exchange shortages, rigid labor policies, conflicts between business partners,
and uneasy relations with state authorities. The article concludes that unless the investment environment is improved, China
will not succeed in the competition with other developing countries in attracting the foreign capital needed for its modernization.
Chung H. Lee is a professor of economics at the University of Hawaii at Manoa and research associate at the Institute for
Economic Development and Policy of the East-West Center. He is also author ofThe Economic Development in Japan and Korea (Praeger 1990) andTrade and Investment in Services (Westview 1988). 相似文献
248.
Kook-Chin Kim 《East Asia》1994,13(3):3-12
The article focuses on delineating South Korea’s policy toward Russia. First, it gives a cursory review, from a historical perspective, of how South Korea came to normalize diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union and has continued to maintain its diplomatic relations with Russia in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union in an attitude of increased pragmatism. Second, it examines the salient features of South Korea’s diplomatic milieu, especially in terms of its strategic security and economic interests, in a bilateral and regional context in the post-cold war era, in light of its newly established diplomatic relationship with Russia. Finally, South Korea’s policy agenda vis-à-vis Russia is identified in various arenas, including diplomacy and security; bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation; and regional multilateral secruity regime-building. 相似文献
249.
Japan was more dependent upon ocean shipping than any other major power during World War II, and the sea route had been the
only means of transportation between Korea and Japan. The connecting steamers contributed to Japan’s wartime economy by transporting
not only raw materials, but also forced laborers and sex slaves between Korea and Japan. More importantly, these connecting
steamers were linked to railroads and land routes in Korea and were connected to various systems of transportation, including
merchant ships and regular liners outside Japan. In this paper, we examine how Korean laborers and sex slaves were mobilized
and transported from Korea to Japan during World War II by focusing on the interdependent relations between railroad-connecting
ships and a travel agency.
Edward T. Chang is professor of Ethnic Studies and the former director of the Center for Asian Pacific America at the University of California, Riverside. Chang is considered one of the foremost interpreters of the Los Angeles civil unrest and race relations. He has lectured on the topics of Korean-African American Relations and the Los Angeles civil unrest at many universities around the country. Chang is the author of several books including Ethnic Peace in the American City: Community Building in Los Angeles and Beyond, Following the Footsteps of Korean Americans, Asian American, and Who African Americans Are. Min Young Kim is Professor at the School of Economics and International Trade of Kunsan National University of Korea and a former visiting research scholar of the Department of Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Riverside. He earned his B.A. (1984) and M.A. (1986) in Economics and Ph.D. (1991) in Economic History at Chonnam National University of Korea. Professor Kim’s research interests include the Korea-Japan relations and Japanese Koreans, colonial immigration of Koreans, forced labour and its redress, and transportation of comfort women. Kim is the author of several books including The Study on the Exploitation of Korean Forced Labourers in the Japanese Colonial Period [in Korean] (1995; Hanul Press). 相似文献
Edward T. ChangEmail: |
Edward T. Chang is professor of Ethnic Studies and the former director of the Center for Asian Pacific America at the University of California, Riverside. Chang is considered one of the foremost interpreters of the Los Angeles civil unrest and race relations. He has lectured on the topics of Korean-African American Relations and the Los Angeles civil unrest at many universities around the country. Chang is the author of several books including Ethnic Peace in the American City: Community Building in Los Angeles and Beyond, Following the Footsteps of Korean Americans, Asian American, and Who African Americans Are. Min Young Kim is Professor at the School of Economics and International Trade of Kunsan National University of Korea and a former visiting research scholar of the Department of Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Riverside. He earned his B.A. (1984) and M.A. (1986) in Economics and Ph.D. (1991) in Economic History at Chonnam National University of Korea. Professor Kim’s research interests include the Korea-Japan relations and Japanese Koreans, colonial immigration of Koreans, forced labour and its redress, and transportation of comfort women. Kim is the author of several books including The Study on the Exploitation of Korean Forced Labourers in the Japanese Colonial Period [in Korean] (1995; Hanul Press). 相似文献
250.
Crumé Henry Joel Nurius Paula S. Kim Bo-Kyung Elizabeth Logan-Greene Patricia 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(6):1098-1113
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Strong school engagement is crucial for school success among adolescents and particularly important for reducing recidivism. Yet, little is known about school... 相似文献