Cognitive Abilities,Social Adaptation,and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Childhood and Adolescence: Specific Cascade Effects Across Development

Children’s and adolescents’ cognitive abilities, social adaptation, and externalizing behaviors are broadly associated with each other at the bivariate level; however, the direction, ordering, and uniqueness of these associations have yet to be identified. Developmental cascade models are particularly well-suited to (1) discern unique pathways among psychological domains and (2) model stability in and covariation among constructs, allowing for conservative tests of longitudinal associations. The current study aimed to identify specific cascade effects among children’s cognitive abilities, social adaptation, and externalizing behaviors, beginning in preschool and extending through adolescence. Children (46.2?% female) and mothers (N?=?351 families) provided data when children were 4, 10, and 14 years old. Cascade effects highlighted significant stability in these domains. Unique longitudinal associations were identified between (1) age-10 cognitive abilities and age-14 social adaptation, (2) age-4 social adaptation and age-10 externalizing behavior, and (3) age-10 externalizing behavior and age-14 social adaptation. These findings suggest that children’s social adaptation in preschool and externalizing behavior in middle childhood may be ideal intervention targets to enhance adolescent well-being.     

The Untimely Stevie Smith

Abstract

This essay considers the role of the untimely in the work of Stevie Smith. It explores motifs of belatedness in her reception history, suggesting how her own authorial persona and public presentation encodes this response. It examines the notion of the last-minute in her work, focusing on motifs such as disruption, elongation and delay. It suggests how her revision practice responded to the idea of being ‘too late’, with the moment of publication providing her with further prompts to revise her work. It focuses on final words and endings in her poetry and frames her interest in Christianity through ideas of temporality and form.     

Lone motherhood past and present: The life stories of Finnish lone mothers

The aim of this study is to examine how Finnish lone mothers of two age cohorts construct their lone motherhood and also to show how the meanings ascribed to social phenomena are socially and historically embedded. Finland presents an interesting case for studying the links between the social and the individual because the country has experienced rapid social shifts since World War II. It is shown how specific social contexts to some degree set the parameters for how social phenomena are understood and interpreted, as shown by the differences in how two cohorts of life-story writers construct lone motherhood.     

争议中的母婴监内项目

24岁的简妮佛·史密斯熟练地将女儿希拉安置在一条毛毯上,然后将几张女婴的照片绐来访者看.史密斯似乎是那种典型的、很自豪刚刚成为母亲的姑娘--直到她开始讲述自己的经历,人们才知道她曾经在监狱中待过.     

L＇héritage zolien dans La Jeune fille Violaine de Paul Claudel

保罗·克劳岱(Paul Claudel,1868-1955)的创作经常因其宗教面而被拿来与自然主义作对照。十九世纪末、二十世纪初象征主义萌芽之际,自然主义已发展至末期。的确,两个思潮之间存在着对立,但并不表示左拉(Emile Zola,1840-1902)未对后来的克劳岱产生影响。本文将支持此一假说,并以左拉的著作《土地》(La Terre,1887)和克劳岱的剧作《少女薇奥莲》(La Jeune fille Violaine,1892)为例,力图指出两个作品之间的共通点。