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171.
Wade Jacoby Gabriel Lataianu Camelia Manuela Lataianu 《The Review of International Organizations》2009,4(2):111-133
This paper analyzes the influence of the European Union (EU) through a qualitative case study of child protection policy in
Romania. This is a particularly tough case for the growing “Europeanization” literature. Prior research has called attention
to several factors that promote Europeanization, including the presence of a pro-reform domestic coalition, the clarity and
consistency of the EU’s own legislative targets, a state’s own prior involvement in the setting of European standards, a strong
consensus among EU member states backing the European position, and strong non-European support for EU initiatives. According
to these propositions, Romanian child protection seemed to provide a worst case scenario for Europeanization, as initially
none of these conditions held. And yet the paper shows that substantial Europeanization occurred anyway. We argue that the
EU experienced a very slow start with Romania but that it cultivated an opposition that responded to EU initiatives when that
opposition took power. Moreover, the EU found three “workarounds” to the obstacles just noted: it asserted legislative targets
it did not possess itself, invented new policy tools, and drew protection for its most controversial policy from another international
organization, the ECHR. Our central theoretical claim is that external pressure requires internal accommodation in order to
have lasting effects. The claim has important implications for the diffusion and conditionality debates.
相似文献
Camelia Manuela LataianuEmail: |
172.
Maude Brunet Gabriel Jobidon 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》2024,67(1):130-140
Delivering infrastructure in a timely and efficient manner to provide public value remains challenging despite the theoretical developments that have been made. What do we know that could help to deliver quality and energy-efficient infrastructure, what are current challenges and how could we overcome them? This State-of-the-Art Review article attempts to uncover underlying themes, including the governance of large infrastructure projects, the importance of innovation and contractual arrangements, and social and environmental acceptability. A current review of major Canadian contributions is offered, and promising research avenues are proposed. 相似文献
173.
This study describes an evaluation of a school-based sexual abuse awareness and prevention program that featured the “Red Flag/Green Flag People” coloring book and included presentation of a film (“Better Safe than Sorry II”) and discussion of hypothetical and actual experiences involving inappropriate physical touching. Children, parents, and teachers from two experimental schools participated in the program and were compared to similar groups from a control school. Outcomes were evaluated using pre-post (2-month) assessment questionnaires. Among the findings obtained, experimental group children reported learning more about the differences between good and bad touching, and being more likely to both report instances of sexual victimization and utilize program-specific preventive skills, relative to controls. Parents exposed to program materials acknowledged greater improvements in knowledge about program goals and more positive communication at home about abuse. Although no significant differences were obtained for teachers, the ratings for one experimental group were consistently higher than those of the other groups. Staff volunteers evaluated the program as overwhelmingly positive and without adverse effects. Still, some children from all groups reported being touched inappropriately. Some of these improvements were also noted for the experimental group at 6-month follow-up assessment. The findings were discussed in the context of conceptual, clinical, training, and empirical considerations. 相似文献
174.
Jennifer D. Foster Gabriel P. Kuperminc Ann W. Price 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2004,33(1):59-69
This study examined gender differences in levels of violence exposure, and in levels of posttraumatic stress (PTS) and related symptomatology in a sample of inner-city predominantly African American youth. Because such youth are at risk for exposure to chronic community violence, they are likely to experience considerable distress and clinical or subclinical levels of posttraumatic stress and related symptoms. Previous research has found that although boys are exposed to violence more frequently than are girls, girls are more likely to express posttraumatic stress and related symptoms as a result of violence exposure. Thus, we examined gender as a moderator of the relation between violence exposure and symptoms. A stronger positive association of anxiety and depression symptoms with extent of community violence exposure for girls than boys was found. It was also found that while girls do not appear to differ in their responses to witnessing violence versus being a victim of violence, boys appear to be more distressed by being a victim of violence than by witnessing violence. 相似文献
175.
176.
Eine Unt?tigkeit des Kl?gers nach Klagseinbringung ist verj?hrungsrechtlich nur insoweit relevant, als sie in die Zeit nach
Ablauf der (ursprünglichen) Verj?hrungsfrist f?llt. Trifft das an sich zust?ndige ausl?ndische Gericht eine Forum-non-conveniens-Entscheidung
und wird die daraufhin eingebrachte inl?ndische Klage mangels internationaler Zust?ndigkeit zurückgewiesen, bleibt die Unterbrechungswirkung
nach § 1497 ABGB aufrecht, wenn der Kl?ger das ausl?ndische Verfahren unverzüglich fortsetzt und auch noch, wenn er in Folge
aufgrund einer zwischenzeitig getroffenen Gerichtsstandsvereinbarung neuerlich im Inland klagt. Werden mit einer Schadenersatzklage
auch Ansprüche nach § 394 EO (Ersatz der durch eine einstweilige Verfügung verursachten Verm?gensnachteile) geltend gemacht,
sind diese aus dem Prozess auszuscheiden und entweder nach § 44 Abs 1 JN dem Sicherungsgericht zu überweisen oder nach § 17
Abs 7 Geo der nach der Gesch?ftsverteilung zust?ndigen Gerichtsabteilung abzutreten. Der Ersatzanspruch nach § 394 EO muss
nicht bei sonstigem Verfall innerhalb der 14-t?gigen Frist des § 400 EO erhoben werden; für ihn gilt vielmehr, jedenfalls
soweit es sich nicht um reinen Verfahrenskostenersatz handelt, die dreij?hrige Verj?hrungsfrist des § 1489 ABGB. 相似文献
177.
Gabriel S. Lenz 《American journal of political science》2009,53(4):821-837
According to numerous studies, campaign and news media messages can alter the importance individuals place on an issue when evaluating politicians, an effect called priming. Research on priming revived scholarly interest in campaign and media effects and implied, according to some, that campaigns and the media can manipulate voters. There are, however, alternative explanations for these priming findings, alternatives that previous studies have not fully considered. In this article, I reanalyze four cases of alleged priming, using panel data to test priming effects against these alternatives. Across these four cases, I find little evidence of priming effects. Instead, campaign and media attention to an issue creates the appearance of priming through a two-part process: Exposing individuals to campaign and media messages on an issue (1) informs some of them about the parties' or candidates' positions on that issue. Once informed, (2) these individuals often adopt their preferred party's or candidate's position as their own. 相似文献
178.
This paper provides an overview of the state of the art in the field of Political Sociology in Germany. It turns out that Political Sociology has been established as an independent sub-discipline in Political Science. The theoretical approaches predominantly follow an empirical-analytical perspective. In terms of methodology, a quantitative approach is prevailing. The number of research fields has significantly broadened. Major research topics are: democracy and the transformation of political systems, political parties, political participation and voting behaviour, political values and attitudes, political communication. 相似文献
179.
Gabriel Rosser Toby Davies Kate J. Bowers Shane D. Johnson Tao Cheng 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2017,33(3):569-594
Objectives
Decades of empirical research demonstrate that crime is concentrated at a range of spatial scales, including street segments. Further, the degree of clustering at particular geographic units remains noticeably stable and consistent; a finding that Weisburd (Criminology 53:133–157, 2015) has recently termed the ‘law of crime concentration at places’. Such findings suggest that the future locations of crime should—to some extent at least—be predictable. To date, methods of forecasting where crime is most likely to next occur have focused either on area-level or grid-based predictions. No studies of which we are aware have developed and tested the accuracy of methods for predicting the future risk of crime at the street segment level. This is surprising given that it is at this level of place that many crimes are committed and policing resources are deployed.Methods
Using data for property crimes for a large UK metropolitan police force area, we introduce and calibrate a network-based version of prospective crime mapping [e.g. Bowers et al. (Br J Criminol 44:641–658, 2004)], and compare its performance against grid-based alternatives. We also examine how measures of predictive accuracy can be translated to the network context, and show how differences in performance between the two cases can be quantified and tested.Results
Findings demonstrate that the calibrated network-based model substantially outperforms a grid-based alternative in terms of predictive accuracy, with, for example, approximately 20 % more crime identified at a coverage level of 5 %. The improvement in accuracy is highly statistically significant at all coverage levels tested (from 1 to 10 %).Conclusions
This study suggests that, for property crime at least, network-based methods of crime forecasting are likely to outperform grid-based alternatives, and hence should be used in operational policing. More sophisticated variations of the model tested are possible and should be developed and tested in future research.180.
Despite the significant level of cultural diversity that exists in contemporary Europe as a consequence of immigration and diaspora, state policies on multiculturalism in several countries have not kept pace with the complex and dynamic processes created by these pluralising social forces and realities. This has given rise to exclusionary contexts that have led to feelings of alienation by immigrant communities. In Britain, the violent street confrontations in Bradford in 2001 and the London bombings of 2005 both epitomised, as well as were outcomes of, the British nation state’s failure to foster dialogue and a sense of inclusion among these communities. Foregrounding the extent of the grievances and frustrations prevalent in British society, these social disturbances have also contributed to renewed debates on issues of national identity, belonging, and multiculturalism. More importantly, these clashes, involving mostly the second-generation British Asian Muslim community, have brought to the fore the dissonance between assumptions of belonging underlying “state multiculturalism”, which moves to fix and stabilise identities, and those that inform the complex processes of identification and constructions of the “third space” of belonging by racialised minority communities. Focusing on Britain, this paper’s central hypothesis is that official multiculturalism has failed to take into account the fluid and heterogeneous frames in and through which second-generation British Asians ground their cultural and political identities and demands. As many of the nation states in Europe are today, like Britain, multiethnic in composition with expanding Asian communities, how successfully or not Britain modifies its integration policies with respect to the presence of minorities of immigrant origin has enormous implications not only for Europe but also for Asia and Asia–Europe relations. 相似文献