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Surveys concerning environmental and health risks point out the lack of trust of citizens in risk evaluations provided by governments. The aim of this paper is to take into account the impact of this potential distrust on political decisions concerning risk reduction. We prove that lack of trust reduces the attractiveness of risk reduction measures. When heterogeneity in risk exposure and the possibility of complete risk elimination are introduced, political decisions of risk reduction may differ from the preferred decision of any risk and trust group. Namely, total risk elimination can be adopted, even if all individuals prefer null or partial risk reduction measures. 相似文献
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Erwan Le Garff M.D. Gilles Tournel M.D. Ph.D. Coralie Becquart M.D. Olivier Cottencin M.D. Ph.D. Nicolas Dupin M.D. Ph.D. Emmanuel Delaporte M.D. Ph.D. Valéry Hedouin M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(6):1681-1685
Levamisole, which is used as an adulterated compound of cocaine, is currently being seen year after year in cocaine intoxication. For a few cases in the last decade, necrotic purpura and neutropenia after levamisole/cocaine intoxication have been described in the medical community. Herein, we present an original case of levamisole intoxication of a 40‐year‐old woman who smoked heroin and cocaine few during a month. She rapidly presented an extensive necrotic purpura of the nose, cheeks and extremities (lower and upper), and immunologic reactions (positive anti‐MPO and anti‐HNE). Levamisole was detected on hairs with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The case reports also a probable cocaine supplier deceit, which bring pure drug for hospital investigation after the intoxication of his client. The intoxicated woman had survived with several skin and chronic pain complications. That case recalls the knowledge about levamisole with a short review of the forensic literature. 相似文献
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Suicidal hanging resulting in complete decapitation--forensic, radiological, and anthropological studies: a case report 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors report a case of complete posthanging decapitation. The decapitated corpse lay against a pillar of a road bridge. The head had rolled 5 m from the trunk. The bridge was 7.2 m above the road level. The rope was 3.6 m long, its lower end was 3.6 m from the ground and its diameter was 10 mm. The noose used was a slip knot. Plain X-rays of the skull and cervical spine were obtained. The skull X-rays showed air in the meningeal spaces, in both lateral and third ventricles. The severance plane of the cervical spine was between the third and the fourth cervical vertebrae. No other cervical vertebral injuries were noted. At autopsy, the brain was macroscopically unremarkable except for air in the meningeal veins. The decapitation injuries of the head and the torso corresponded perfectly, without apparent loss of substance. The severance plane was confirmed. Dry bone study was carried out. Except for fractures of the extremities of the spinous processes of the second and third cervical vertebrae, no other bone injury of the spine was seen. The cervical vertebrae displayed numerous osteoarthritic lesions. The traditional hangman's fracture was not found. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of complete posthanging decapitation with a severance plane between the third and fourth cervical vertebrae. 相似文献
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Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti Andre Maues De Paula Gilles Gavaudan Christophe Bartoli Anne-Laure Pelissier-Alicot Georges Leonetti Jean-François Pellissier 《Forensic science international》2010,194(1-3):e1-e3
Aggressive or paradoxical behaviour may reflect an organic dementia. The most frequent is Alzheimer's disease, which results from an abnormal structural conformation of tubulin-associated protein (tau) and beta-amyloid protein that, respectively, aggregate in certain neurons as intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and in the extracellular environment as senile plaques.These lesions progress in the brain tissue according to the stages described by Braak and Braak. Staging of neurofibrillary pathology has proven anatomical and clinical correlation, which can be used in a medico-legal procedure. We report two cases demonstrating discrepancies between anatomical and clinical features, which should encourage medical expert to prudence when interpreting neuropathological reports. 相似文献
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Douadia Bougherara Gilles Grolleau Naoufel Mzoughi 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2009,27(1):79-99
A theoretical framework combining the two branches of TCE, i.e., the governance branch (Williamson 2005) and the measurement branch (Barzel 2005) may explain the choice of the governance structure for private environmental transactions. Four case studies, i.e., the
market for pure air in polluted cities, the contractual arrangement between La Esperanza and the Monteverde Conservation League, the case of the French mineral water bottler Vittel and the case of land ownership by land trusts are briefly developed in order to support the theoretical framework. Special
attention is devoted to the presence (or not) of a 3-D (defined, defended and divestible) property rights system in interaction
with the juridical system (civil law vs. common law) and its influence on the way environmental property rights are likely
(or not) to be re-arranged. Lessons and policy implications are drawn in order to foster research on these challenging issues.
相似文献
Gilles GrolleauEmail: |
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Gilles Favarel-Garrigues 《欧亚研究》2015,67(4):606-623
Based on fieldwork done in Ekaterinburg, this article deals with the enforcement of legal decisions about economic disputes in the late 2000s in Russia. As state employees, bailiffs are responsible for the implementation of court decisions but their efficiency depends on the cases they deal with. In the most successful cases, they are backed by private enforcers, hired by the claimant and often coming from the law enforcement agencies. This common work reflects an informal public–private partnership from below in which bailiffs and private enforcers co-execute judicial decisions. Such autonomous public–private power configurations at local level challenge the governmental claim to build a ‘power vertical’ in Russia from the top. 相似文献
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Rather than tolerating piracy or increasing sanctions, an artist can release his product directly to consumers by allowing them to download it under a ‘pay-what-you-want’ online strategy. We show analytically that this strategy can (1) be more profitable than a strategy with perfect or imperfect intellectual property rights enforcement for the artist and (2) change the organization and allocation of added value between artists and publishers along the supply chain. This higher profit result is achieved through an increased demand for live performance and positive voluntary contributions of downloaders directly pocketed by the artist. Indeed, a ‘pay-what-you-want’ strategy allows artists to reduce piracy without using sanctions while benefiting from a strategic negotiation ‘weapon’ in the relationship with record labels. Moreover, consumers draw procedural utility from the way the product is delivered. Counter-intuitively, rather than advocating for elimination of conventional releases at posted prices, pay-what-you-want strategies may need them to remain successful. A brief case study of Radiohead’s experiment and anecdotal evidence are developed to support these theoretical insights. Some implications regarding the re-organization of the supply chain and property rights regime are drawn. 相似文献
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Civilization is an achievement in the face of difficulties, a precarious achievement. It is the state of mind of the magician who tremblingly invokes the powers he would use, knowing that if he gets the ceremony wrong what he invokes will destroy him.— Joseph Tussman 相似文献