政府采购方式应强化公开招标的主导地位

公开招标作为政府采购的主要方式,在政府采购法中已经得到了确认,采购人有义务认真遵照执行,政府采购管理机关也要按照政府采购法的规定,通过严格采用公开招标以外的采购方式、增强采购活动的计划性等手段来强化公开招标的主导地位。     

Authoritarianism,religiosity and reactions to deviance

A modified F-Scale and a deviance-control scale were administered to a sample of 116 police science students and a random representative sample of 91 state university students. No overall relationship was found between respondents' preference to control deviance and their authoritarianism, nor did the F-Scale discriminate between the two groups. However, the police sample favored the control of deviance significantly more. Evidence of response bias to the F-Scale was also found. It was concluded that the source of the criminal sanction usually typified as moral indignation, was more a cognitively based evaluation than an emotionally based reaction.     

Violent Sex Offenses: How are They Best Measured from Official Records?

In the United States, sexually violent predator (SVP) commitment statutes generally require assessment of an offender's risk of subsequent sexual violence. Current actuarial methods for predicting sexual reoffending were actually designed to predict something else—charges or convictions for offenses deemed sexual based on information obtained from police “rapsheets” alone. This study examined the referral and past offenses of 177 sex offenders. Results showed that police rapsheets (and data based on them) underestimated the number and severity of sexually motivated violent offenses for which sex offenders were actually apprehended. Rapsheet violent offenses seemed a more accurate index of the conduct addressed by SVP legislation than were rapsheet sex offenses. We suggest that, when evaluating sex offenders for SVP status, actuarial instruments designed to predict violent recidivism (as measured by rapsheet violent reoffenses) might be preferable to those designed to predict sexual recidivism (as measured by rapsheet sexual reoffenses).

村党支部与村民选举关系之探讨

村民选举与自治制度是中国政治变革的重要部份,也是最有成效的领域之一.面对村民选举而来的压力与挑战,村党支部通常会采取各种方法来控制村民选举以维系其领导核心之地位.村民选举出来的村委会的确挑战了村党支部的权威,一定程度上重新分配了村级权力,并且推进了党内民主政治的发展,其典型就是"两票制"的出现与广泛的推行.