Political Reconciliation Can Ultimately Resolve the Afghanistan Problem

What happens after 2014 in Afghanistan is generally viewed as a serious challenge to the international community.Although there are high hopes,many countries feel uneasy about Afghanistan's prospects.All those countries involved with Afghanistan have been working hard to cope with this challenge,such as the United States,countries from the EU,Russia,China,Pakistan,India,Iran,and Central Asian countries.The current focus is on helping the Afghan government grow stronger and more capable including into the long term,building up the army and police forces,conducting technical and management personnel training,and carrying out economic development,anti-terrorism and anti-narcotics projects etc.     

论网络媒体公信力的塑造

互联网作为一种新兴的媒体，其社会影响力越来越大，但与传统媒体相比，其公信力较低已成为影响我国互联网健康发展的一个突出问题，也在很大程度上降低了网络媒体在受众心目中的应有地位。媒体的权威性、信息的原创性、内容的真实性、传播的即时性、格调的高雅性影响网络媒体的公信力。提高网络媒体公信力，需要政府、网络媒体、社会和公众的共同努力，主要包括：强化政府监管；加快制定和完善网络立法：加强网站自身建设；提高采编人员专业素质；报网结合；建立平民式舆论监管机构：树立人人都是把关人的理念；加强受众需求研究。     

“以管理为基础的规制”——对网络运营者安全保护义务的重构

和世界上大多数国家一样,我国的网络运营者主要是党政军和国有企事业单位之外的私营部门。因此,如何妥善地界定他们所需承担的网络安全保护义务,是改善我国网络安全状况的关键问题之一。在此方面,现行制度和两次公开征求意见的《网络安全法(草案)》,均采用了"关注安全底线的、静态的、具体的措施性规定",作为网络运营者安全保护义务的核心内容。而在网络安全形势瞬息万变的今天,"关注安全底线的、静态的、具体的措施性规定"实际上并不足以为网络和信息系统提供实质性的安全。因此,《网络安全法》中对于安全保护义务的制度设计,应该致力于让网络运营者在内部决策环节就足够重视风险管理,使安全义务从外部"至上而下"地施加转变为"内化于心"。     

中共哈尔滨市委党校学习贯彻党的十九届五中全会精神学习交流摘要

党的十九届五中全会是在“两个一百年”历史交汇点上召开的一次具有全局性历史性意义的会议。全会审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》(以下简称《建议》),对“十四五”时期我国经济社会发展作出了系统谋划和战略部署。为学习、宣传、贯彻好党的十九届五中全会精神,引导带动广大教研人员努力成为学习全会精神的排头兵和主力军,中共哈尔滨市委党校组织教研人员学习交流。现摘编部分发言,以飨读者。     

Understanding Modi and minorities: The BJP-led NDA government in India and religious minorities

In the May 2014 general elections in India, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) emerged as the majority party. The BJP has formed a coalition with regional parties (the National Democratic Alliance), but many view the event as a “critical election,” presaging the realignment of Indian politics along Hindu nationalist values. This article reviews the approaches used to understand the BJP-led NDA government’s policies toward religious minorities and argues that far from marking a radical departure, there are more continuities than discontinuities in these policies with previous administrations.     

Portable high‐resolution automated 3D imaging for footwear and tire impression capture

The forensic science community raised the need for improved evidence recognition, collection, and visualization analytical instrumentation for field and laboratory use. While the 3D optical techniques for imaging static objects have been extensively studied, there is still a major gap between current knowledge and collecting high‐quality footwear and tire impression evidence. Among optical means for 3D imaging, digital fringe projection (DFP) techniques reconstruct 3D shape from phase information, achieving camera‐pixel spatial resolution. This paper presents a high‐resolution 3D imaging technology using DFP techniques dedicated to footwear and tire impression capture. We developed fully automated software algorithms and a graphical user interface (GUI) that allow anyone without training to operate for high‐quality 3D data capture. We performed accuracy evaluations and comparisons comparing with the commercial high‐end 3D scanner and carried out qualitative tests for various impressions comparing with the current practices. Overall, our technology achieves similar levels of accuracy and resolution with a high‐end commercially available 3D scanner, while having the merits of being (1) more affordable; (2) much easier to operate; and (3) more robust. Compared with the current practice of casting, our technology demonstrates its superiority because it (1) is non‐destructive; (2) collects more evidence detail than casts, especially when an impression is fragile; (3) requires less time and money to collect each piece of evidence; and (4) results in a digital file that can easily be shared with other examiners.     

灾害衍生型群体性事件:当前社会矛盾冲突的新形态

自然灾害不仅会给人的生命财产带来巨大损失,而且还易衍生各种群体性事件。研究灾害衍生型群体性事件,探讨特定的灾害情境及群体性事件要素的异化,构建灾害衍生型群体性事件的演化模型,明晰事件的演化特征,可以从动态角度分析自然灾害与群体性事件之间的衍生关系,实现对灾害衍生型群体性事件的全景式展现,拓展我国群体性事件的研究思路,为灾害衍生型群体性事件的有效处置提供针对性策略。     

Public and elite opinion on international human rights law: Completing the causal chain of the domestic compliance mechanism

Why do states comply with international human rights law? Scholars have looked to domestic politics to suggest a constituency-driven domestic compliance mechanism. However, it is unclear if strong public support for compliance leads to greater willingness to comply among elected officials. This study is the first to empirically demonstrate the complete causal chain of a constituency-driven domestic compliance mechanism. Using a survey experiment, this study first finds that a strong state commitment to UN Norms on the Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations (RTNC) increases public support for compliance. Using a parallel lab-in-the-field experiment of sitting legislators, the study then finds that a strong state commitment to RTNC is similarly associated with increased elite support for compliance. Finally, the study finds that public demand for compliance is associated with even greater elite support for compliance. Public demand for compliance seems to elicit elite willingness to comply by raising reputational concerns.