Epidemiology of homicide-suicide events: Oklahoma, 1994-2001

In Oklahoma, all nonnatural deaths must be reported to the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (ME), whose trained investigators report cause of death using a centralized, statewide, standardized reporting system. The purpose of this study was to determine temporal trends of Oklahoma homicide-suicide events and characterize the epidemiology of these events. By reviewing all ME reports of homicides and suicides from 1994 through 2001, we identified 73 homicide-suicide events resulting in 73 suicides and 89 homicides. Suicidal perpetrators of homicide-suicide events were most often white men aged >or=30 years who killed a current or ex-spouse or intimate partner. Homicide victims tended to be younger women the same race as their killer. Firearms were the predominant method of death in both homicides and suicides, with handguns used most frequently. Divorce/estrangement was the main contributing factor to these events, and the most common relationship type was possessive. The existence of a statewide, centralized, and computerized ME system and the ability to access the detailed information in the ME narratives were critical to identifying homicide-suicide events and obtaining the type of detailed information necessary to fully investigate these events.     

吗啡依赖相关的酶学研究进展

吗啡依赖形成的机制是一个复杂的过程。涉及特定脑区突触超微结构变化、神经递质、酶学等多种复杂的机制,并且相互之间有密切的联系。本文从蛋白激酶类、一氧化氮合酶、超氧化物歧化酶、腺苷酸环化酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶等几方面对吗啡依赖相关酶体系的研究进展作一综合性论述。     

论"耗散结构"和"相对论"中自然哲学观点的差异--纪念爱因斯坦逝世50周年

爱因斯坦(A.Einstein)(1879～1955)和普里高津(I.Prigogine)(1917-)分别是"相对论"(Theory of Relativity)和"耗散结构"(Dissipative Structure)的创始人,他们站在哲学的高度提出了相应的"世界模式".这些模式开拓了人们的眼界,创造了新的研究热点,改变了人们对自然界认识的传统习惯.     

Pathologic findings in malignant hyperthermia: a case report and review of literature

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, potentially lethal disorder of skeletal muscle calcium homeostasis characterized by muscle contracture and life-threatening hypermetabolic crisis following exposure to halogenated anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants. Susceptibility to MH results from mutations in calcium channel proteins that mediate excitation-contraction coupling, with the ryanodine receptor calcium release channel (RyR1) representing the major locus. The mode of inheritance appears to be autosomal dominant with variable penetrance. The authors report the death of a 60-year-old white male with a history of low back pain. He had undergone 2 back surgeries previously, the first occurring 10 years prior to his current presentation. Both previous procedures were done under generalized anesthetic with no complications. Recently, he developed stenosis and presented for fusion of vertebrae L3 and L4. The procedure was performed under general anesthetic including sevoflurane, with no intraoperative complications. The anesthesiologist noted that, near the end of the 2-hour procedure, the decedent's CO2 levels were slightly elevated. After the procedure, the decedent was extubated, the temperature probe which had been recording normal values was removed, and he was rolled from ventral to dorsal position. He immediately became hypotensive and bradycardic. Lifesaving interventions were begun. Subsequently, he went into cardiac arrest, at which time the temperature probe was reinserted into the trachea, where it read a body temperature of 109 degrees F. Malignant hyperthermia protocol was initiated, and interventions continued for over 2 hours, at which time they failed. At autopsy, the abdomen contained 1800 mL of blood, and bilateral hematomas were present in the psoas muscles. The authors present this case of clinically apparent malignant hyperthermia, discuss how to approach such a case, the gross and microscopic findings, ancillary studies, and a review of the literature.     

一种改良的精斑涂片DNA检验方法

目的建立一种有效的精斑涂片DNA检验方法。方法以本实验室平时积累的91例精斑涂片为研究对象,采用chelex法提取,结合硅珠法纯化浓缩,提高DNA浓度后进行PCR扩增和STR分型。结果尽管涂片上精子量较少,但chelex法的DNA提取率较高,且硅珠法可以纯化并浓缩模板DNA,本文建立的方法兼具了这两种提取方法的优点,成功率较高。结论精斑涂片可以作DNA检验,在法医检案中具有较高的应用价值。     

The diversity of dental patterns in the orthopantomography and its significance in human identification

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of orthopantomography for human identification. Three hundred orthopantomograms were randomly selected from those stored at Dental Hospital of Yonsei University in Seoul. Dental patterns observed in the orthopantomograms were converted into eight codes and their diversity was calculated. The diversity of dental patterns in the orthopantomogram data was 99.92% for full dentition and the diversity of mandible (99.28%) was slightly higher value than that of maxilla (98.22%). In the case of molars and premolars in both jaws, the diversity values ranged from 92.13% to 96.04%. It was founded that orthopantomography is a valuable means of personal identification not only based on full dentition but also when only the posterior teeth are available. The present study indicates that orthopantomography is excellent means of forensic identification.     

我国构建低成本政府的内在困境分析

政府成本在中国的出现是在致力于建立完善的社会主义市场经济体制中提出的。低成本政府的构建无疑会推进社会主义市场经济发展,成为国家政治、经济体制创新的又一着力点。对于构建低成本政府,从一开始学者们就提出了多种方法。但是对现实具体环境缺乏有效的现实指导力。要顺利地构建有效的低成本政府,必须尽快地从根本上解决其内在的三重困境:理念困境、动力困境和路径困境,从根本性和长远性出发,使构建低成本政府的努力成为一种可能的制度变迁选择。