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451.
Jason Briggeman 《Public Choice》2009,141(3-4):481-491
Public choice scholars routinely claim that coercion can be used to solve the social dilemma. However, while social contract theorists have frequently described state-of-nature societies using game theory, they have not used game theory to show how coercive action within such societies can improve outcomes. Here I operationalize the concepts of coercion and governance within a Prisoners’ Dilemma (PD) framework; governance is operationalized as coercion to compliance, and to adopt a coercive strategy is to impose a strategy choice upon another player. I show that, under certain conditions, adding governance strategies to a noncoercive one-shot PD game can improve outcomes. 相似文献
452.
453.
This paper discusses the role of regulation in the emergence of a global system of linked financial markets. It traces the origins of the internationalization of financial markets to the emergence of new competitive pressures, rooted in changes in the social structures of savings and investment, breaking down both national systems of financial control and international arrangements for monetary and financial co-ordination. These changes have been accompanied and facilitated by a process of international re-regulation, through informal specialist networks. Although these have facilitated the international diffusion of regulatory standards and practices, and attempted to co-ordinate them, they are greatly hampered by espousing the perspectives of the various markets and firms which it is their task to supervise. Together with their minimalist view of the aims of public legitimation and oversight of financial markets, they have proved inadequate to prevent the destabilizing effects of the new global finance on the world economy. 相似文献
454.
455.
Dan E. Krane Ph.D. ; Simon Ford Ph.D. ; Jason R. Gilder Ph.D. ; Keith Inman M.Crim. ; Allan Jamieson Ph.D. ; Roger Koppl Ph.D. ; Irving L. Kornfield Ph.D. ; D. Michael Risinger J.D. ; Norah Rudin Ph.D. ; Marc Scott Taylor ; William C. Thompson J.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(2):501-501
456.
Dan E. Krane Ph.D. ; Simon Ford Ph.D. ; Jason R. Gilder Ph.D. ; Keith Inman M.Crim. ; Allan Jamieson Ph.D. ; Roger Koppl Ph.D. ; Irving L. Kornfield Ph.D. ; D. Michael Risinger J.D. ; Norah Rudin Ph.D. ; William C. Thompson J.D. Ph.D. ; Marc S. Taylor B.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(6):1500-1501
457.
Jason B. West Ph.D. ; Janet M. Hurley M.S. ; Francis Ö. Dudás Ph.D. ; James R. Ehleringer Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(6):1261-1269
Abstract: Effectively addressing marijuana trade is aided by understanding marijuana geographic sources. We analyzed the 87 Sr/86 Sr of marijuana samples grown in 79 counties across the United States to determine if a primary geologic signal is retained in marijuana, which could therefore be useful for geographic sourcing. The marijuana results were compared with modeled bedrock 87 Sr/86 Sr values based on 87 Rb decay rates and a generalized geologic map of the U.S.A. A significant correlation was observed between marijuana 87 Sr/86 Sr and modeled bedrock 87 Sr/86 Sr. Although values clustered near the 1:1 relationship, there was a predominance of positive anomalies, perhaps attributable to carbonate bedrock. A small number of negative anomalies were also observed, which were generally associated with granitic bedrocks. These results suggest that strontium isotopes in marijuana record the geographic origins of marijuana, and that refinement of the base strontium map (or strontium isoscape) and improved understanding of other strontium sources would be productive. 相似文献
458.
Many scholars have suggested that Americans' positions on gun control are the product of culture conflicts. This assertion has been largely based on associations of gun control opinion with membership in social groups believed to be hostile, or favorable, towards gun ownership, rather than with direct measures of the cultural traits thought to mediate the effects of group membership on gun control opinion. Data from a 2005 national telephone survey were analyzed to test competing theories of why people support handgun bans. Instrumental explanations, which stress belief in a policy's likely effectiveness, accounted for less than 25 percent of the variation in support. The results supported the culture conflict perspective. Those who endorsed negative stereotypes about gun owners, and who did not believe in the need to defend their own homes against crime (versus relying on the police) were more likely to support handgun bans. 相似文献
459.
Important legislative change is underway in the marine environment. In relation to the licensing of activities which are carried
out in this zone the need for change is significant for many interested sectors such as: energy generation; the extractive
industries; port and harbour developments; fisheries; and bodies involved with the conservation of both natural and archaeological/cultural
resources. This article considers the main aspects of the existing legislative situation in relation to marine licensing and
then goes on to describe and evaluate the proposed new system to be substituted through the Marine and Coastal Access Bill
(the Bill). In order to provide some basis for evaluation, the protection of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) provides a
backdrop against which to assess the developments. The means by which interventions in the marine environment are currently
regulated are complex, in some situations overlapping, and in others questionable as to the overall coherence of their regulatory
effects. Parties which might be considered to be ‘interested’ are often excluded from formal deliberations, guidance is patchy,
although proliferating, and voluntary agreements (BMAPA 2003; COWRIE 2007) on best practice within sectors have been developed in the absence of official provision—while these are undoubtedly useful,
they lack the rigour of systematic legislative underpinning, which it is hoped that the Bill will address. 相似文献
460.
Davis MI Dziekan MM Horin EV Jason LA Ferrari JR Olson BD 《Journal of prevention & intervention in the community》2006,31(1-2):133-143
This study examined the perspectives and definition of leadership by women and mothers with children (n = 40) affiliated with Oxford Houses, a communal mutual-help recovery setting. Participants were asked questions relating to their experiences living in an Oxford House including the strengths and challenges encountered and how leadership impacted the stability in their house. Results illustrated the value of female leadership and highlighted the characteristics deemed important for women leaders in Oxford House, as well as some differences between these women's perception of leadership and the standard definition of leadership. The implications of the findings and how they may be useful to women's and mothers' with children houses are discussed. 相似文献