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311.
Şeref Kerem Çorbacɩoğlu M.D. Sertaç Güler M.D. Erhan Er M.D. Meltem Seviner M.D. Şahin Aslan M.D. Gökhan Aksel M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(2):551-554
Tear gases are used by police or armed forces for control of riots or social events or by the general population for private self‐defense. These agents are used widely throughout the world, but some harmful effects have reported. In addition, despite well‐defined chemical side effects documented in the literature, data are insufficient regarding mechanical injury due to tear gas capsules. We report three cases of severe maxillofacial injury in patients who had these capsules fired from tear gas guns directly to their faces. The capsules penetrated the patients' faces, causing potentially fatal injuries. To our knowledge, reports of this kind of injury related to tear gas capsules are very rare in the literature. In conclusion, tear gas guns may be very dangerous in terms of human health and they may cause severe injuries, especially when they are not used according to strict guidelines. 相似文献
312.
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314.
Public Choice - In this paper, we show how results in state administered university entrance standardized exams in Portugal are sensitive to the electoral cycle. Using individual data for all... 相似文献
315.
This article empirically investigates the relative efficacy of different direct participation processes. Specifically, it compares the effects of three types of participatory processes (public meetings, focus groups, and citizen juries) on participants' issue awareness, competence, empowerment, and trust in service professionals. The authors hypothesize that all three participatory processes will positively affect these individual outcomes but that the magnitudes of effects will differ across the three processes. Using data from field experiments, the authors test and find general support for the hypotheses. This study contributes to understanding of public participation, particularly in terms of the relationship between participatory design and outcomes. 相似文献
316.
rica Naomi Oiye Natalia Biziak de Figueiredo Jos Fernando de Andrade Heloisa Maria Tristo Marcelo Firmino de Oliveira 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2009,192(1-3):94-97
In this work, a fast, non destructive voltammetric method for cocaine detection in acetonitrile medium using a platinum disk electrode chemically modified with cobalt-hexacyanoferrate (CoHCFe) film is described. The deposition of CoHCFe film at platinum disk (working electrode) was carried out in aqueous solution containing NaClO4 at 0.1 mol L−1 as supporting electrolite. Stability studies of the film and subsequent voltammetric analysis of cocaine were made in acetonitrile medium with NaClO4 at 0.1 mol L−1 as supporting electrolite. A reversible interaction between cocaine and CoHCFe at the film produces a proportional decrease of original peak current, due to the formation of a complex between cocaine and cobalt íons, with subsequent partial passivation of the film surface, being the intensity of current decrease used as analytical signal for cocaine. A linear dependence of cocaine detection was carried out in the range from 2.4 × 10−4 to 1.5 × 10−3 mol L−1, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.994 and a detection limit of 1.4 × 10−4 mol L−1. The analysis of confiscated samples by the proposed method indicated cocaine levels from 37% to 95% (m/m) and these results were validated by comparison to HPLC technique, being obtained good correlation between both methods. 相似文献
317.
V. Bogas M. Carvalho M.J. Anjos M.F. Pinheiro F. Corte-Real 《Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series》2009,2(1):169-171
Biological samples buried in different types of soil are often found in crime scenes. These samples are usually highly degraded which difficult their analysis. Several factors contribute to the degradation of biological material including temperature variation, humidity, UV light and especially the presence of microorganisms.Blood was collected from three non-related male donors and blood stains were made in fabrics such as jeans, cotton and lycra. Blood stains were dried at room temperature and buried in three different types of soil (sand, marsh and clay), to promote its natural degradation.The buried samples suffered a high degradation over time which difficult their genetic identification. The marshy soil proved to be the most destructive one, leading to rapid degradation of the different analyzed fabrics, which disabled the obtainment of the genetic profiles. 相似文献
318.
Seong Hwan Park Ph.D. M.D. ; Yong Zhang Ph.D. M.D. ; Huguo Piao M.D. ; Dong Ha Yu B.S. ; Hyun Ju Jeong B.S. ; Ga Young Yoo B.S. ; Tae-Ho Jo Ph.D. ; Juck-Joon Hwang Ph.D. M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2009,54(5):1131-1134
Abstract: Calliphorinae fly species are important indicators of the postmortem interval especially during early spring and late fall in Korea. Although nucleotide sequences of various Calliphorinae fly species are available, there has been no research on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) nucleotide sequences of Korean Calliphorinae flies. Here, we report the full-length sequences of the COI gene of four Calliphorinae fly species collected in Korea (five individuals of Calliphora vicina , five Calliphora lata , four Triceratopyga calliphoroides and three Aldrichina grahami ). Each COI gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced and the resulting nucleotide sequences were aligned and analyzed by MEGA4 software. The results indicate that COI nucleotide sequences can be used to distinguish between these four species. Our phylogenetic result coincides with recent taxonomic views on the subfamily Calliphorinae in that the genera Aldrichina and Triceratopyga are nested within the genus Calliphora . 相似文献
319.
Characterization of lesions in hanging deaths 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Suárez-Peñaranda JM Alvarez T Miguéns X Rodríguez-Calvo MS de Abajo BL Cortesão M Cordeiro C Vieira DN Muñoz JI 《Journal of forensic sciences》2008,53(3):720-723
Hanging is a common method of committing suicide and a routine task in medico-legal autopsies. The hanging mark is the most relevant external sign and its characteristics are well known, but, for unknown reasons, there are major differences in reports on internal findings. We retrospectively studied 228 consecutive cases of hanging deaths. A complete standard autopsy was performed for every case. We investigated the association between the characteristics of the hanging mark and the frequency of bone, cartilage, soft tissue, and vascular injuries with the mode of suspension. Most cases (75.3%) presented some kind of bone or cartilage fracture, but these were unrelated to any of the variables studied. Vascular lesions are clearly more infrequent: intimal injuries were found in the carotid artery (9.1%), the jugular vein (2.2%), and ruptures of the carotid adventitial layer (21.7%). These could be partially associated with the use of a hard fixed noose and body weight. 相似文献
320.
Language used in capacity development programmes is usually that of the donor country, often English. However, research shows that the language used can be detrimental to the success of the programme. Little attention has been given to the issue of language, yet it is important that programme participants fully understand the capacity development programme’s concepts to ensure that the programme achieves its full potential. This article explores an accessible language approach to a Papua New Guinea development programme. Arguments are based on an in-country research project designed to provide women and men with deeper understanding of gender equity. 相似文献