Critical Lessons in Paternalism

正The renowned American philosopher and scholar John Dewey completed a two-year sojourn to China a century ago, a critical turning point in his life at a time when China, too, stood at a crossroads. Dewey entered China in 1919, the year of the transformative May Fourth Movement, and left in 1921, coincidentally the year the Communist Party of China was founded.     

A Horizon of Reform

The upcoming Third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee could cement big changes With the Third plenary Session of the18th CpC(Communist party of China)Central Committee scheduled for this November,many observers are ready for a potentially history-making meeting,one that might provide new direction for key reforms as     

Who Wants to be Number Two?

It’s a provocative question.Under the competitive conditions that many of us face,being number two is not,generally,the result of trying to come in second.Did the silver medalist want gold?Did the second-ranked university strive to be first?Did the vice president not covet the top job?And so on.The fact is,most who reach the second position did     

Family and business among master artisans and entrepreneurs

This article considers the relationship between family and business among economically successful artisans who were on the way to attaining the status of industrial bourgeoisie. For 19th-century master artisans as well as for entrepreneurs, the family was an important means of economic success. The connection between family and business, however, manifested itself in various ways. Cross-sectional household structures show two distinct patterns, which might be interpreted as “traditional” and “modern” family forms. Yet, the study of family biographies and of intergenerational succession casts doubt upon dichotomous perspectives and points toward complex relations between family strategies, kinship networks, and the guilds.     

The Transformation from Communism to Capitalism: How Far? How Fast?

A prominent American specialist on Soviet and East European economies argues that there are important gains to be obtained from rapid market liberalization and privatization in the transition from communism to capitalism. These gains depend on the responsiveness of firms to market signals. A review of the available evidence suggests that rapid privatization is an important factor promoting such responsiveness. The paper also refutes “evolutionary” criticisms of rapid transition policies on the basis of available evidence from East Europe, historical evidence, and the incompatibility between evolutionary approaches and the desire for democratic regimes in East Europe and the former USSR. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: E61, H11, L33, P21.     

The lost revolution of West Germany's terrorists

ABSTRACT

The ubiquity of military service and armed conflict in the contemporary Israeli experience has stimulated intense Jewish theological discourse in matters relevant to armed conflict. Warfare and its conduct, subjects that for almost two millennia constituted one of the great lacunae of rabbinic instruction, are now addressed in a swelling tide of detailed and erudite publications.

The present essay outlines the contours of that discourse. Focusing on contemporary analyses of issues that in the western tradition fall under the rubric of ius ad bellum, it examines the means whereby attempts are made to apply traditional Jewish taxonomies of conflict to modern Israeli circumstances.

In addition, the essay addresses four specific issues: (1) The identities and affiliations of the discourses principal participants; (2) The formats and styles of their discussions; (3) The principal issues with which they are concerned; and (4) The potential implications, operational as well as intellectual, of the developments described.     

The Politics of Grief

正The Confucian classic of China,the Liji,or The Book of Rites,is a work that teaches through numerous examples the proper ways to grieve for and remember the dead.In some cases,the requirements are quite extensive;the rituals prescribed for a son upon the death of his father,for example,require donning a mourning sackcloth.The first three days are spent fasting,leaping and crying;the burial     

Police Case-ending Possibilities within Criminal Investigations

This article refers to the function of the Police within the criminal justice systems in various European countries. It focuses on the legal and practical possibilities of the Police to either end criminal cases autonomously or to contribute to the final Public Prosecution Service decisions or at the end of the investigative stage. Normally Police hand on evidentially sufficient cases to the Public Prosecution Service at least at the end of the investigatory stage in all countries. Nevertheless, in almost all countries ways have been found to either legally or factually reduce PPS workload by giving Police some sort of case-ending decisions.