两岸合作开发南海渔业资源法律机制构建

南海自古以来便是中国渔民的重要作业渔场。两岸合作开发南海渔业资源,是解决南海争端的重要着手点和突破口。两岸南海渔业合作符合双方共同利益,但这一合作必定面临诸多内外因素阻碍。内部因素是两岸主权共识缺失、互信基础薄弱、沟通渠道有限;外部因素是南海周边国家的分化和美国的阻扰。然而,南海渔业资源北衰南兴的现状与外来侵渔的紧迫形势决定了两岸加紧合作共同维护南海渔业资源主权权利是必要的。目前两岸在政策、法律和技术层面的一致性、默契性和互补性也决定了双方南海渔业合作是可行的。两岸可基于《海峡两岸经济合作框架协议》已搭建的制度化平台,由两岸经济合作委员会成立南海渔业工作小组,通过签订协议的方式构建南海渔业资源合作开发法律机制。     

Eclipse or reconfigured? South Korea's developmental state and challenges of the global knowledge economy

Abstract

Globalists and former students of the Asian developmental state maintain that the latter has succumbed to the forces of globalization. They believe that the global knowledge economy involves the thorough integration of the global economy, continuous innovation and networks rather than hierarchies and that these factors are foreign to the operational logic of the developmental state and thus render it obsolete. This article contends that the global economy is not as open as supposed, and that the challenges posed by the knowledge economy, while genuine, tend to be uneven. Focusing on Korea's information technology sector and relying on documentary and interview data, the present article suggests that, while the Korean state no longer relies on its erstwhile finance and regulation strategies, it has continued to articulate development visions and sought to achieve them through deploying public resources to structure the market. Rather than going into eclipse, the Korean developmental state has been reconfigured.     

刑事一体化践行

刑事一体化理论的精髓在于融通学科联系,解决现实问题。作为观念的刑事一体化与刑事政策的关系极为密切,刑法的刑事政策化是当代刑法的潮流,刑事政策有助于顺畅刑法的运作,强化刑法的适时、有效性。犯罪学概念的"主观恶性"在量刑方面起着重要的作用,形成一体化的性状。     

Violence risk and gang affiliation in youth offenders: a recidivism study

Abstract

Youth gangs are ubiquitous around the world and have been problematic for the social and criminal justice agencies. Despite widespread public concern, there has been relatively scarce empirical scrutiny of youth gangs internationally and little outside of America and Europe. In particular, the activities of youth gangs, the function of gang membership, the criminogenic needs of gang-affiliated youth, and the risk of criminal recidivism for gang-affiliated youth remain unclear. Against this background, this study explored the sociodemographic characteristics, risk and rate of criminal recidivism in a cohort of 165 male youth offenders in Singapore, of which 58 were gang-affiliated. Multivariate analyses revealed that gang-affiliated youth offenders were significantly more likely to have histories of substance use, weapon use and violence than nongang-affiliated youth offenders. Gang-affiliated offenders also scored higher on measures of risk for recidivism (SAVRY and YLS/CMI), and engaged in violent and other criminal behaviors more frequently during follow-up. These differences indicate a significant relationship between gang affiliation and criminal recidivism in youth offenders. Furthermore, these findings have important clinical and policy implications, indicating an increased requirement for additional and more intensive assessment and tailored interventions for gang-affiliated youth offenders.     

美国对以色列军援政策的变化及其成因

自以色列建国以来,维护其生存和安全是美国历届政府一直不变的承诺,向以色列提供军事援助就是保障其安全的重要举措。美国主要从现实主义出发,根据其全球战略的需要来决定它对以色列提供军事援助的力度。由于美国在不同时期内对全球目标特别是中东战略目标有所不同,美国对以色列的军援政策也随之变化和调整,经历了一个限制——积极——以军援为施压手段——制度化——强化的演变过程。从未来发展看,美国与以色列在相当长时期内仍然互有所需,战略盟友关系不会变,美国对以色列的军援政策也基本上不会变。     

行政处罚与刑罚的竞合与衔接研究

行政处罚与刑罚竞合是实践中一个相当普遍的问题,其产生的根源在于我国对犯罪行为既定性又定量,具体而言则有立法、司法和处罚方式等多方面的原因。对于行政处罚和刑罚的竞合,理论界多有争论,同时针对当前大量存在的以罚代刑现象,笔者认为有必要对行政处罚和刑罚的程序衔接做进一步的深入分析。     

打造共同安全的“命运共同体”:分析方法与建设路径探索

"命运共同体"是中国外交的指导方针和战略目的,具有正义性、和平性、包容性、综合性和科学性。它反映了一个崛起的中国如何处理与外界关系的思想理念。"命运共同体"建设首先需要中国运用物质力量来推动,但它拒绝简单地被"国强必霸"的传统思维来分析和理解。运用西方既有主流理论范式来理解和分析"命运共同体"有其局限。中国外交需要中国思维和视角。过程建构主义是主流范式之外的中国理论创新,它可以赋予中国外交政策及"命运共同体"以新的解释。但过程建构主义仍是单一范式研究,而由于"命运共同体"是一个复杂、具体的问题导向研究,因此,借用分析折中主义,并纳入过程建构主义来分析和考察"命运共同体",可以发现,"命运共同体"既是一个经济、政治和安全秩序,也是一个观念秩序;利益共同体是它的基础,安全共同体是它的保障,共有知识的建构是其最高标准。共同安全是"命运共同体"的重要保障和战略目标,即它展示的和平发展战略凸显了中国尊重他者的合理安全诉求;合作共赢原则反映了在相互依赖程度不断深化的国际格局中合作安全的重要性;伙伴关系战略则展示了中国探索和实践"同盟安全"之外的新安全观的外交努力。     

和谐家庭伦理建构思考

家庭伦理对家庭成员的思想、行为起着规范和制约的作用,规定着家庭成员之间各种不同的道德义务,又是衡量评价家庭成员言行是非、善恶的重要标准。加强家庭伦理建设,是加强社会主义道德建设的需要,是美满幸福生活的力量源泉。家庭和谐是社会和谐的重要组成部分,是社会和谐的基础,可以起到化解社会矛盾的作用。和谐的家庭伦理建设应注重传统与现代相统一、权利与义务相统一、自律与他律相统一。     

孟加拉国伊斯兰极端势力发展历史及其根源

传统的伊斯兰宗教文化、经济上的贫困落后、不成熟的民主政治环境下的不良政党斗争、吏治腐败,再加上国际伊斯兰原教旨主义思潮和"革命"的影响,独立后经过30多年的政局演变,孟加拉国最终成为极端主义孳生的温床。