公众安全感指标体系的构建与评价方法研究——以社会治安秩序为视角

公众安全感是指居民对社会治安状况的主观感受和评价,它反映了公众对犯罪的恐惧程度,也成为衡量和谐社会建设的一个重要指标。建立了我国公众安全感的评价指标体系,包括四个层次和四个系统。并为该指标的理论分析提出了主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的评价方法。     

经济自由是当代中国法的时代精神

经济自南是特定社会阶段中,统治者在对某种经济自由主义思潮认可的基础上,通过法律手段的运用,涤除政府垄断,矫正政府越位,而取得占据自由权利中核心地位的一种实际状态.追求经济自由是每个国家所期望的经济社会发展的最佳状态.据此,笔者认为,"经济自由是当代中国法的时代精神"的表述,比"自由是法的时代精神"的表述更符合我国当前经济社会发展的需要.     

检察机关加强对举报人保护的探析

近年来检察机关查处的职务犯罪案件中有60％的线索来源于群众举报,但是现行的举报人保护机制不健全,影响了检察机关查处案件的效率。采取有力措施,加强对证人、举报人的保护是检察机关有效查处职务犯罪案件的保证。笔者分析了近年来检察机关举报工作面临的新情况和保护举报人工作出现的新问题,并结合检察工作实际提出了切实可行的对策和建议。     

The black soldier-fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), used to estimate the postmortem interval in a case in Amapá State, Brazil

The black soldier-fly (Hermetia illucens) is a generalist detritivore which is commonly present in corpses in later stages of decomposition and may be useful in forensic entomology. This paper describes the estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI) based on the life cycle of the black soldier-fly in a case in northern Brazil. A male child was abducted from his home and 42 days later his corpse was found in an advanced stage of decay. Two black soldier-fly larvae were found associated with the body. The larvae emerged as adults after 25-26 days. Considering the development cycle of H. illucens, the date of oviposition was estimated as 24-25 days after abduction. Since H. illucens usually (but not always) colonizes corpses in more advanced stages of decay, this estimate is consistent with the hypothesis that the child was killed immediately after abduction.     

Analysis of age-at-death estimation through the use of pubic symphyseal data

The question of whether age parameters derived from an American population will reliably estimate age-at-death for East European skeletal populations is important since the ability to accurately estimate an individual's age-at-death hinges on what standard is used. A reference sample of identified individuals with known ages-at-death from the regions of the Former Yugoslavia (n = 861) is used to determine the age structure of victims and serves as the prior in the Bayesian analysis. Pubic symphyseal data in the manners of Todd (Am J Phys Anthropol, 3 [1920], 285; Am J Phys Anthropol, 4 [1921], 1) and Suchey-Brooks (Am J Phys Anthropol, 80 [1986], 167) were collected for n = 296 Balkan males and females and for n = 2078 American males and females. An analysis of deviance is calculated using an improvement chi-square to test for population variation in the aging processes of American and East European populations using proportional odds probit regression. When males and females are treated separately, there is a significant association among females and the population (df = 1, chi-square likelihood ratio = 15.071, p = 0.001). New age estimates for Balkan populations are provided and are based on the calculated age distribution from the Gompertz-Makeham hazard analysis and the ages-of-transition. To estimate the age-at-death for an individual, the highest posterior density regions for each symphyseal phase are provided.     

我国目前不宜全面引入辩诉交易制度

辩诉交易一直以来被广泛讨论 ,在实践中也有少量案件开始采用辩诉交易的方式结案。通过分析美国辩诉交易发展的内在原因和我国的现状 ,认为我国不宜全面引入辩诉交易制度。     

Differences in morphological age-related dental changes depending on postmortem interval.

Morphological methods for age estimation from teeth have been developed and applied to samples without taking the postmortem interval into consideration. We studied differences in morphological age-related changes between fresh extracted teeth and teeth from human skeletal remains in order to develop appropriate dental age estimation methods according to the time after death. Forty-three permanent teeth from dental patients were compared to 37 teeth obtained from human skeletal remains with a postmortem interval from 21 to 37 years. Morphological age-related changes were investigated by measuring variables on intact and half-sectioned teeth. A new computer assisted image analysis procedure to avoid subjectivity was developed to measure variables in sectioned specimens. Dental color, translucency length, attrition, cementum apposition, and secondary dentin showed higher values in teeth from human skeletal remains than in fresh extracted teeth. Variables obtained by morphometric analysis of computer-generated images (tooth length, tooth width, root length, and root area) showed higher values in fresh extracted teeth than in teeth from skeletal remains. The postmortem interval affects age-related morphological changes, and therefore different methods should be used for teeth of unknown postmortem interval.     

完善我国流浪儿童监护和社会保障制度的法律思考

流浪儿童问题是个复杂的社会问题,既涉及伦理道德问题,又与经济和社会发展密切相关,但无疑也是个重要的法律问题。保证他们良好的生存、发展状况是社会和谐进步的重要因素。法律对这一问题的解决具有不可替代的作用。     

浅析利益分化与政党的社会整合

党对社会的有效整合是党执政的重要政治基础和社会基础。当代中国社会转型时期,利益群体多元化、复杂化会对执政党的社会整合功能形成一定的挑战,需要优化我国政党制度社会整合功能。探讨当代利益群体多元化与优化我国政党制度整合功能的逻辑关系具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。     

国内近年来对府际关系研究综述

府际关系是一国政府行政体系内的不同层级之间、不同部门之间、不同地区之间以及部门与地区之间的关系,从主体的角度看,简言之就是块块关系、条条关系和条块关系。随着改革开放的发展,国内政府间的关系发生了很大的变化,府际关系的研究成为重要课题。