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161.
Braulio Gómez Fortes Laura Cabeza Irene Palacios 《South European society & politics》2013,18(4):591-610
Confounding predictions, the 2012 Andalusian regional election resulted in a renewal of left-wing government as the conservative Popular Party failed to obtain an absolute majority of seats. The socialists, who had ruled the region for 30 years, came second but continued in power in coalition with the United Left, which increased its seat share. The article argues that the Andalusian election results should be understood in a multi-level governance perspective. For those who voted for the socialists, the hard austerity policies implemented by the Popular Party central government became more salient than the current performance of the regional government. The behaviour of unemployed voters is also key to understanding the election outcome. 相似文献
162.
The research presented here describes the spatial distribution of parks and recreation services in four suburbs of the City of Detroit, Michigan. This comparative perspective suggests that the “decision–rule hypothesis” explains service distribution in some suburbs, as has been the case in central cities. In suburbs which are less highly bureaucratized, standardized decision procedures are not used to allocate service, however. Additionally, patterns of service benefits seem to vary among suburbs depending upon the extent of the reliance on such bureaucratic procedures. 相似文献
163.
Laura K. Landolt 《Democratization》2013,20(4):706-722
Critics of US democracy-promotion strategies of the last 20 years ask: what kind of democracy is promoted by US public agencies and associated nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), how is it promoted, and for what purpose(s)? This paper draws on interviews with NGO, USAID, and UN representatives, gathered in Egypt in 2001, to describe the fate of Egyptian women's advocacy NGOs seeking to implement the pro-democracy platform of action of the 1994 UN International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). It offers some support for critics' contentions both that external (here USAID) pro-democracy interventions may actually obstruct democratization, and that the instrumental nature of US democracy promotion may mean that such activities are quickly eliminated or downgraded when they conflict with more primary US policy goals. 相似文献
164.
Laura Cram 《Democratization》2013,20(2):229-250
This article examines the changing nature of women's political participation in Greece and argues that the period since 1974 has seen a shift from political participation through women's involvement in popular democratic struggles to the increasing incorporation of the women's movement by the Greek ‘party‐state’. From 1967–74 Greece lived under the repressive dictatorship of the Colonels. Yet Greece now enjoys some of the most progressive legislation in Europe in the area of equality between the sexes. Most of the demands of the Greek women's movement of the late 1970s were already translated into public policy provisions by the 1980s. Women's issues came to be accepted on to the political agenda in Greece in part as a result of women's participation in national struggles for liberation and democracy through which they developed close links with the parties of the Left. In the short term, collaboration with the newly formed or newly liberated parties of the Left brought important rewards for the women's organizations and allowed women a voice in Greek politics for the first time. However, it is argued that collaboration has also had its costs ‐ not least of which has been the linkage of progress on women's issues with the spoils of political office. 相似文献
165.
David Canter Laura Hammond Donna Youngs Piotr Juszczak 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2013,29(3):423-446
Objectives
Current ‘geographical offender profiling’ methods that predict an offender’s base location from information about where he commits his crimes have been limited by being based on aggregate distributions across a number of offenders, restricting their responsiveness to variations between individuals as well as the possibility of axially distorted distributions. The efficacy of five ideographic models (derived only from individual crime series) was therefore tested.Methods
A dataset of 63 burglary series from the UK was analysed using five different ideographic models to make predictions of the likely location of an offenders home/base: (1) a Gaussian-based density analysis (kernel density estimation); (2) a regression-based analysis; (3) an application of the ‘Circle Hypothesis’; (4) a mixed Gaussian method; and (5) a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) analysis. These tests were carried out by incorporating the models into a new version of the widely utilised Dragnet geographical profiling system DragNetP. The efficacy of the models was determined using both distance and area measures.Results
Results were compared between the different models and with previously reported findings employing nomothetic algorithms, Bayesian approaches and human judges. Overall the ideographic models performed better than alternate strategies and human judges. Each model was optimal for some crime series, no one model producing the best results for all series.Conclusions
Although restricted to one limited sample the current study does show that these offenders vary considerably in the spatial distribution of offence location choice. This points to important differences between offenders in the morphology of their crime location choice. Mathematical models therefore need to take this into account. Such models, which do not draw on any aggregate distributions, will improve geographically based investigative decision support systems. 相似文献166.
School districts increasingly rely on weighted student funding (WSF), yet there is little research on this allocation model. This study collects more than 70 measures on each of 19 districts using WSF in 2018 for a landscape analysis of formula features and implementation practices. While districts report common reasons for adopting WSF (equity, flexibility, and transparency), we find no standard WSF model. Homegrown formulas and nonformula features and exemptions reflecting local context are the norms, resulting in substantial differences. Nearly all districts continue to budget with average salaries (likely limiting equity) but grant principals flexibility on staffing, stipends, and contracts. 相似文献
167.
Vitacco MJ Van Rybroek GJ Rogstad JE Yahr LE Tomony JD Saewert E 《Law and human behavior》2009,33(4):308-319
Accurately predicting inpatient aggression is an important endeavor. The current study investigated inpatient aggression over
a six-month time period in a sample of 152 male forensic patients. We assessed constructs of psychopathy, anger, and active
symptoms of mental illness and tested their ability to predict reactive and instrumental aggression. Across all levels of
analyses, anger and active symptoms of mental illness predicted reactive aggression. Traits of psychopathy, which demonstrated
no relationship to reactive aggression, were a robust predictor of instrumental aggression. This study (a) reestablishes psychopathy
as a clinically useful construct in predicting inpatient instrumental aggression, (b) provides some validation for the reactive/instrumental
aggression paradigm in forensic inpatients, and (c) makes recommendations for integrating risk assessment results into treatment
interventions.
相似文献
Michael J. VitaccoEmail: |
168.
Taft CT Monson CM Schumm JA Watkins LE Panuzio J Resick PA 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(6):389-396
This study tested a model examining the interrelationships among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, intimate relationship
adjustment, and intimate relationship aggression in a sample of 205 adult female flood victims. At the bivariate level, higher
PTSD symptoms were associated with higher physical and psychological aggression victimization, poorer relationship adjustment,
and higher physical and psychological aggression perpetration. Results from structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses indicated
that relationship aggression victimization influenced aggression perpetration directly, and in the case of physical aggression,
indirectly through its relationship with PTSD symptoms and relationship adjustment. The influence of PTSD symptoms on physical
aggression perpetration was fully explained by poorer relationship adjustment. These findings extend prior work from other
traumatized populations documenting associations between variables reflecting PTSD symptomatology and indices of relationship
functioning, and indicate a need for further investigation in this area of inquiry.
This research was supported in part by a grant to Patricia A. Resick from the National Institute of Mental Health (1-R01-MH55542). 相似文献
169.
Gian M. Galeazzi Aleš Bučar-Ručman Laura DeFazio Anne Groenen 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2009,15(3):243-260
Previous research by the Modena Group on Stalking (MGS) regarding awareness and recognition of stalking by police officers
and general practitioners using case scenarios showed significant differences across three countries. It was also hypothesized
that victims used different pathways when seeking help. To explore the experience of requesting help by victims of stalking
in different European countries a detailed survey was completed by 391 victims of stalking in Belgium (n = 145), Italy (n = 126)
and Slovenia (n = 120). The research confirmed the significant intensity and duration of stalking and psychological distress
for victims. Victims used several pathways to survive stalking. Some victims reported that informal interventions they or
family/friends implemented were effective, but the majority had to have recourse to helping agencies. Significant differences
in help seeking behaviour were found between the three countries. In Belgium victims contacted the police, as well as other
helping agencies, more often and more precociously than in Italy and Slovenia. Restriction orders against the stalker were
considered the most effective intervention. Police were regarded as the least supportive agency, taking victims less seriously,
and not being particularly effective at stopping the stalkers. Police were ranked after family/friends, lawyers and colleagues,
with regards effectiveness, except in Belgium, where Police’s effectiveness was ranked second after lawyers. Stalking often
requires the mobilization of multiple helping agencies by victims and it is important that victims are aware of what help
is available to them and that agencies become more sensitive to their needs. 相似文献
170.
F. Scott Christopher Jacqueline C. Pflieger Daniel J. Canary Laura K. Guerrero Amy Holtzworth-Munroe 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(2):89-100
We conducted two studies to test the utility of a new strategy for recruiting couples experiencing intimate partner violence.
This new strategy, Targeted Neighborhood Sampling, involves utilizing police reports of family fight calls to target particular areas within a city for recruitment efforts.
Study I compared the efficacy of using this method to recruit a random versus a convenience sample. Results demonstrated that
Targeted Neighborhood Sampling was most effective when recruiting a convenience sample of participants who responded to flyers
left at their residences. Study II used a convenience sample and replicated the findings from Study I. Across the two studies,
40.4% of those who called after receiving a flyer experienced male-to-female partner violence within the past year. In addition,
we combined data across studies and correlated types of violence the couples experienced with variables commonly associated
with abuse. Psychological aggression, physical assault, and injury were all positively associated with reports of demand-withdrawal
and mutual avoidance during conflict, as well as depression and symptoms of post traumatic disorder syndrome. Sexual coercion
was associated with drug abuse. These results demonstrate the utility and validity of Targeted Neighborhood Sampling.
相似文献
F. Scott ChristopherEmail: |