Diplomatic Delivery

Chinese President Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan pose for a group photo with dignitaries from around the world who attended the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, in Beijing on February 5.     

The Soviet Union and population: theory,problems, and population policy

Until the important public dialog on 3rd World population issues began in the Soviet Uuion in 1965, ideological limitations and bureaucratic interests prevented policy makers from recognizing the existence of a world of national "population problem." Since then, freer discussions of the Soviet Union's surprising decline in birthrate and labor shortages have led to serious policy questions. Conflicting policy goals, however, have resulted in only modest pronatalist policies. The Soviet population problem is a result of interregional disparities in population growth rates between the highly urbanized Soviet European populations with low birth rates and the least urbanized Central Asians with dramatically higher birth rates. As a result, these essentially Muslim people will provide the only major increases in labor resources and an increasing percentage of Soviet armed forces recruits. Policy planners are thus faced with difficult options. Current policies stressing technological transfers from the west and greater labor productivity, however, are unlikely to solve further labor shortages and regional imbalances. Ultimately, nonEuropana regions will be in an improved bargaining position for more favorable nationwide economic policies and for a greater role in policy planning.     

论中国的合作经济

20世纪 5 0年代中期的合作化 ,从方向上说 ,组织个体劳动者走合作化道路是完全正确的 ,但采取搞政治运动的方式来搞合作化 ,严重违背了自愿互利原则 ,违背了经济规律 ,则不能肯定。从改革开放 2 0多年的实践情况看 ,老模式的集体经济与新模式的合作经济 ,二者的发展态势是不相同的 ,并总结出了 8种合作经济的类型。合作制和集体制尽管都属于公有制范畴 ,但它们是两种不同类型的公有制和企业制度 ,鉴于老的集体经济模式已出现萎缩状态 ,必须进行制度创新 ,按新体制规范发展。     

《计算机信息网络安全管理法》立法刍议

<中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定>首次把信息安全提到了与国家的政治安全、经济安全、文化安全同等重要的程度,充分说明了保证计算机信息网络安全的重要性.在信息科学与信息技术高速发展的同时,危害、破坏计算机信息贮存、传榆及载体安全的技术也在发展.形式多样的危害、破坏计算机信息贮存、传输及载体安全行为不断发生.为了有效地维护国家的信息安全,必须加快计算机信息网络安全立法.<计算机信息网络安全管理法>作为最重要的计算机信息网络安全主干法律,应对危害计算机信息网络安全的违法行为作出明确的规范.     

Comparative history: Technology,community and social transformation in China and Zimbabwe

James Zheng Gao, Meeting Technology's Advance: Social Change in China and Zimbabwe in the Railway Age (Westport, CT and London: Greenwood Press, 1997), 218 pp, US$65.00, ISBN 0–313–30095‐X.     

公民法律素质与法治社会建设

依法治国和建设社会主义法治国家,要求公民具备与之相适应的法律素质。当前,我国公民的法律知识比较贫乏,权利意识淡薄,普遍缺乏对法的信仰。因此,应着重从培养公民的法律信仰、提升公民的权利意识、完善司法制度和进一步做好普法工作入手,来增强公民的法律素质。     

侵犯公民个人信息的范围、种类、数量

侵犯公民个人信息罪所指的公民个人信息,应当限定涉及个人隐私、被侵犯后将给公民的人身财产安全带来重大风险的信息,司法审查其范围、种类、数量应当严格遵循以下标准:依法公开的企业法定代表人、相关负责人信息不属于公民个人信息;财产信息、交易信息等敏感信息的认定应按照信息本身的属性并结合被告人的主观故意、用途等综合判断认定。     

中国大气保护公共支出的绩效评价——基于各地区环境数据的比较分析

对我国各省的大气环保支出的绩效进行评价表明,大气公共支出绩效的提高与地方环保机关的工作水平和工作效率紧密相关。在客观条件一定的情况下,地方环保部门是能够通过自身效率的提高来促进大气环境的改善。