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131.
Preferential extraction of hydrocarbons from fire debris samples by solid phase microextraction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Headspace analysis by extraction/GC-MS is a common method of detecting volatile hydrocarbon accelerants in fire debris samples. Solid-phase microextraction was tested to determine if there is selective extraction of chemically distinct compounds. It was found that both the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Carboxen/PDMS solid phase microextraction fibers show preferential extraction of aliphatic or aromatic compounds from the headspace depending on fiber type and temperature. The Carboxen/PDMS fiber type showed particular (although not exclusive) selectivity for extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons. Other experimental considerations of SPME are noted. 相似文献
132.
Lloyd Brown-John 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》1985,28(1):70-98
Abstract: The discussion examines one aspect of the ongoing process of regulatory reform in Canada, regulatory consultation. It identifies some of the consultative processes and notes some of the changes which have occurred, specifically in the food processing industry. The paper suggests that several major changes, including Regulatory Agendas, consensus standards and the Frequency of Inspection Levels (FOIL) system are positive steps towards more rational process for regulation of the food processing industry in the interests of health, safety and fairness. However, the paper concludes that even more efforts, in particular comprehensive consultation for regulatory purposes, should be undertaken in order to ensure that more efficient and effective regulation is achieved in the public interest. Sommaire. L'auteur considère l'un des aspects du processus continu de réforme de la réglementation au Canada, celui de la consultation. Il identifie certaines méthodes de consultation et note certains changements survenus, surtout dans l'industrie du traitement des aliments. Il explique que diverses transformations importantes, concernant notamment les États des projets de réglementation, les normes de consensus et le système de fréquence des inspections (FRIN), ont déjàété effectuées. Ces transformations représentent des pas importants vers une rationalisation du processus de réglementation dans l'industrie du traitement des aliments, pour améliorer les nonnes de santé, de sécurité et d'équité. L'auteur conclut toutefois qu'il reste beaucoup d'efforts à faïre en matière de consultation pour arriver à un système de réglementation plus efficace, qui puisse mieux répondre aux intérêts du public. 相似文献
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135.
The Effects of Domestic Violence on Women's Employment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Susan Lloyd 《Law & policy》1997,19(2):139-167
This article presents some results of a random household survey that examined the effects of domestic violence on the labor force participation of 824 women living in a low‐income neighborhood. It also uses data from twenty‐four long interviews.
Eighteen percent of the respondents reported having experienced physical aggression in the past twelve months, and 11.9% reported more severe physical violence. Women who reported abuse were more likely to have experienced unemployment and held more jobs and to report more health problems. They also had lower personal incomes, and were significantly more likely to receive public assistance. At the same time, women who reported abuse were employed in roughly the same numbers as those who did not. Thus, it appears that domestic violence may depress women's socioeconomic and occupational status attainment over time, but does not affect employment status per se. The article concludes with comments about the implications of the findings for the redesign of public assistance and job training programs. 相似文献
Eighteen percent of the respondents reported having experienced physical aggression in the past twelve months, and 11.9% reported more severe physical violence. Women who reported abuse were more likely to have experienced unemployment and held more jobs and to report more health problems. They also had lower personal incomes, and were significantly more likely to receive public assistance. At the same time, women who reported abuse were employed in roughly the same numbers as those who did not. Thus, it appears that domestic violence may depress women's socioeconomic and occupational status attainment over time, but does not affect employment status per se. The article concludes with comments about the implications of the findings for the redesign of public assistance and job training programs. 相似文献
136.
The Leviathan theory of government was seemingly contradicted when the U.S. Congress passed the Gramm-Rudman deficit reduction law. This study analyzes the Senate vote on Gramm-Rudman to try to determine whether legislators acted in their own self interest. A prisoner's dilemma argument explains how Senators made themselves better off by limiting their own spending abilities. A probit analysis shows how voting for deficit reduction was consistent with the personal incentives faced by individual legislators. The eventual failure of Gramm-Rudman to eliminate the deficit reveals a need to consider institutional as well as constitutional means of controlling government. 相似文献
137.
J B Lloyd 《Science & justice》2000,40(4):278-279
138.
AbstractUganda implemented public expenditure and revenue management reforms from the early 1990s with specific aims of improving budget planning and aligning aid with fiscal priorities. The dynamic relationship between aid and domestic fiscal aggregates is analysed using a Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive model with annual data for 1972–2008 and quarterly data for 1997–2014. Aid has been a significant element of long-run fiscal equilibrium, associated with increased tax effort and public spending and reduced domestic borrowing. Fiscal reforms have improved aid and expenditure management, contributing to improved fiscal performance in Uganda, with lessons for other African countries. 相似文献
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