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Although a growing body of research has focused on identifying the characteristics of effective interventions, relatively little research has looked at the impact that staff factors have on treatment effectiveness. The current research conceptualizes staff quality via three domains: staff characteristics, staff training, and staff supervision. Process and outcome evaluations of 54 community correctional facilities are used to examine the relationship between staff quality and reduced recidivism of program participants. The results suggest that measures of all three domains maintain substantively meaningful relationships with program effectiveness. 相似文献
83.
The Reuniting Families project attempts to aid federal, state and local agencies currently working towards the identification of deceased undocumented immigrants. This initiative has created a distributed on-line database, accessible by public officials and private citizens interested in searching for missing individuals based on both phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. This broad effort includes the exhumation of individuals from geographically disparate pauper graves, the classification of their physical characteristics, and the cataloging of observed metric traits in a local relational database, to include associated articles of possession and related metadata. Concurrent with the documentation of physical forensic evidence is the analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Computational techniques and scoring parameters are applied to automate the process of discovery and identification as well at to preserve information on the missing. The result is a prototype knowledge base that may serve as a model for future efforts in international forensic science collaborations. 相似文献
84.
Although researchers have found that survivors of intimate partner violence seek support from a multitude of sources, ranging from professionals to informal support networks, little is known about the extent to which community members reach out to help survivors. This study explored the type of support provided to survivors and various factors that relate to individuals' willingness to help. Survivors were more likely to be helped by women, younger individuals, those who strongly endorsed criminal justice interventions for perpetrators, and those who perceived intimate partner violence as a frequently occurring issue in their communities. Two additional factors were found to relate to an individual's likelihood of assisting others, including witnessing intimate partner violence as a child and prior victimization. Further research is needed in this area to explore helper, survivor, and contextual characteristics that may affect one's likelihood to offer assistance to survivors. 相似文献
85.
The idea of public reason is central to political liberalism’s aim to provide an account of the possibility of a just and
stable democratic society comprised of free and equal citizens who nonetheless are deeply divided over fundamental values.
This commitment to the idea of public reason reflects the normative core of political liberalism which is rooted in the principle
of democratic legitimacy and the idea of reciprocity among citizens. Yet both critics and defenders of political liberalism
disagree over whether or not the idea of public reason permits citizens to appeal to their comprehensive conceptions of the
good in public deliberation over matters of basic justice. Our aim in this paper is to provide a defense of an exclusive idea
of public reason, and at the same time we aim to dispel the underlying concerns of two prominent criticisms of the idea of
public reason—the concern of alienation from the political process, as expressed by religiously oriented critics, and the
concern over women’s equality, as expressed by feminist critics. We argue that inclusive accounts of the idea of public reason
are not consistent with political liberalism’s core commitments. Further, we claim, inclusive accounts of the idea of public
reason deepen feminist concerns. We think that, properly understood, an exclusive account of the idea of public reason can
address feminist concerns about political liberalism and avoid alienating (reasonable) religious persons in an unacceptable
way. Thus, we conclude that an exclusive account of the idea of public reason is our best hope for reconciliation.
For comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this paper, we thank Andrew Altman, H.E. Baber, Andrew Jason Cohen, Steven
Daskal, Peter Gratton, Blain Neufeld, Linda Peterson, Rodney Peffer, Kevin Timpe, Matt Zwolinski and David Cummiskey. An earlier
version of this paper was presented at a Pacific Division Meeting of the American Philosophical Association; we thank audience
participants for helpful feedback. We would also like to thank an anonymous referee for Law and Philosophy, we believe the article is much improved as a result of his/her suggestions. 相似文献
86.
Peter Aucoin Lori Turnbull 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》2003,46(4):427-449
Abstract: Paul Martin's plan to reform parliamentary government in order to eliminate the so‐called democratic deficit calls for greater independence for individual mps and the House of Commons vis‐à‐his the government. In this article, we first examine what is required to make the reforms work according to his measures of success. We then consider why he has restricted his assault on the democratic deficit to the reform of Parliament. Third, we consider whether parliamentary reform is sufficient to address the discontents and criticisms of Canadian government that have given rise to the perceived democratic deficit. We conclude that the Martin plan, except for the review of government appointments, is sound from the perspective of representative democracy but that it will be successful in addressing the democratic deficit only to the extent that the prime minister and his reform‐minded colleagues are able to convince Canadians that citizen participation in the institutional processes of reformed parliamentary government can be meaningful. Sommaire: Le projet qu'a M. Paul Martin de réformer le gouvernement parlementaire afin d'éliminer le soi‐disant déficit démocratique exige une plus grande indé‐pendance des députés individuels et de la Chambre des communes à l'égard du gouvemement. Dans le présent article, nous examinons tout d'abord les exigences nécessaires pour que les réformes fonctionnent selon ses mesures de succés. Nous examinons ensuite pourquoi M. Martin a restreint son attaque du déficit démocratique à la seule réforme parlementaire. Troisiémement, nous examinons si la réforme parlementaire est suffisante pour remédier aux insatisfactions et critiques envers le gouvemement canadien qui ont engendré le déficit démocratique perçu. Nous con‐cluons que le plan de M. Martin, à I'exception de la revue des nominations gouveme‐mentales, est solide du point de vue de la démocratie représentative. Il ne parviendra cependant à s'attaquer au déficit démocratique que dans la mesure où le Premier ministre et ses collégues soucieux de réforme seront capables de convaincre les Canadiens que la participation des citoyens aux processus institutionnels d'un gouverne‐ment parlementaire réformé peut être constructive. 相似文献
87.
Lori D. Bougher 《Political Behavior》2017,39(3):731-762
The American public remains largely moderate on many issues, but incivility and hostility are rife in American politics. In this paper, I argue that the alignment of multiple issue attitudes along the traditional ideological spectrum helps explain the asymmetrical rise in negative political affect. I introduce belief congruence theory as a supplemental theoretical framework to social identity theory. Cross-sectional data reveal a significant association between issue alignment and negative out-party affect that is neither mediated nor moderated by partisan identity. A first-difference approach using two panel studies then addresses potential heterogeneity bias by testing a change-on-change model within individuals. Both panels, which are from different time periods, covering different issues, reveal significant associations between issue alignment and outgroup dislike. In contrast, partisan identity was only significantly associated with ingroup affect. This work suggests that cross-cutting issue preferences could help attenuate political hostility and reiterate the need to reconsider the role of issue-based reasoning in polarized America. 相似文献
88.
Gia Elise Barboza Lawrence B. Schiamberg James Oehmke Steven J. Korzeniewski Lori A. Post Cedrick G. Heraux 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(1):101-121
This paper uses an ecological perspective to explore the risk factors associated with bullying behaviors among a representative
sample of adolescents aged 11–14
Data derived from the Health Behavior in School Children: WHO Cross-National Survey were used to model the relationship between bullying and media effects, peer and family support systems, self-efficacy, and
school environment. Overall, the results of this study suggest that bullying increases among children who watch television
frequently, lack teacher support, have themselves been bullied, attend schools with unfavorable environments, have emotional
support from their peers, and have teachers and parents who do not place high expectations on their school performance. In
addition, we found an inverse relationship between being Asian or African American, feeling left out of school activities
and bullying. Our results lend support to the contention that bullying arises out of deficits in social climate, but that
social support systems mediate bullying behavior irrespective of the student’s racial/ethnic characteristics, parental income
levels or media influences. Because the number of friends and the ability to talk to these friends increases the likelihood
of bullying, we suggest that bullying is not simply an individual response to a particular environment but is a peer-group
behavior. We conclude that limiting television viewing hours, improving student’s abilities to access family support systems
and improving school atmospheres are potentially useful interventions to limit bullying behavior.
Gia Barboza holds a Ph.D. in political science and a J.D. from Michigan State University. She also holds an M.A. in Family Studies. She is currently a visiting assistant professor in the Department of Justice, Law and Society at American University. Lawrence B. Schiamberg holds a Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Illinois. He was the Associate Dean for Research, Outreach and International Programs in the College of Human Ecology (1999–2003) and the Director of the Institute for Children, Youth and Families (ICYF) at MSU from 1996–1998, where he was also the Senior Editor of the MSU Series on Children, Youth, and Families. He has published extensively on issues related to youth, families and elderly populations. James Oehmke holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Chicago. He is currently an Associate Professor and Liberty Hyde Bailey Scholar at Michigan State University. Steven J. Korzeniewski is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Epidemiology at Michigan State University. He also holds an M.A. degree in Health Communications and an M.S. degree in Epidemiology. Lori A. Post is an Assistant Professor in the College of Communication, Arts and Sciences at Michigan State University. She holds an M.A. and Ph.D. in Sociology from Michigan State University. Cedrick G. Heraux holds an M.A. and Ph.D. in Criminal Justice from Michigan State University. He is currently a research associate at the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. 相似文献
Cedrick G. HerauxEmail: |
Gia Barboza holds a Ph.D. in political science and a J.D. from Michigan State University. She also holds an M.A. in Family Studies. She is currently a visiting assistant professor in the Department of Justice, Law and Society at American University. Lawrence B. Schiamberg holds a Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Illinois. He was the Associate Dean for Research, Outreach and International Programs in the College of Human Ecology (1999–2003) and the Director of the Institute for Children, Youth and Families (ICYF) at MSU from 1996–1998, where he was also the Senior Editor of the MSU Series on Children, Youth, and Families. He has published extensively on issues related to youth, families and elderly populations. James Oehmke holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Chicago. He is currently an Associate Professor and Liberty Hyde Bailey Scholar at Michigan State University. Steven J. Korzeniewski is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Epidemiology at Michigan State University. He also holds an M.A. degree in Health Communications and an M.S. degree in Epidemiology. Lori A. Post is an Assistant Professor in the College of Communication, Arts and Sciences at Michigan State University. She holds an M.A. and Ph.D. in Sociology from Michigan State University. Cedrick G. Heraux holds an M.A. and Ph.D. in Criminal Justice from Michigan State University. He is currently a research associate at the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. 相似文献
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