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41.
Dalia Mohammed Alsaif M.B.B.S. S.B.F.L.M. Osama M. Almadani M.D. Ph.D. F.F.F.L.M. Salah Ali Almoghannam M.D. Dina Hamdi M.B.B.S. Maram A. Al‐Farayedhi M.B.B.S. S.B.F.L.M. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2018,63(4):1171-1175
Identifying children's risk exposure is the first step toward mortality prevention. This retrospective study determined the causes of child fatalities in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Death reports of children and adolescents from 1999 to 2015 (N = 157) were analyzed. Boys represented most cases (69%) and there were two age peaks (1–5 years and 16–18 years). Accidents (typically immersion) defined the main death circumstance (51%) followed by homicide (25%). Only 33% of cases underwent autopsy, and the most common cause of death was head injury (27%) followed by firearm injury. Only one immersion death underwent autopsy. This study revealed important data about the risk exposure of children in Dammam and emphasizes deficient investigative procedures. Child fatality reviews comprise systematic data collection by multidisciplinary teams to determine the true risks toward children in a community. Such teams do not exist in Arab countries; therefore, strategies should be implemented to initiate them. 相似文献
42.
Bichaka Fayissa Mohammed I. El-Kaissy 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》1999,34(3):37-50
The objectives of this article are to revisit the critical role that foreign aid presently plays in the economic growth of
the LDCs and to examine the nature of its utilization in those countries which heavily rely on foreign aid. Other sources
of economic growth such as capital (physical and human capital), raw labor, technological changes, and the degree of political
and civil liberties will also be considered. Using average cross-sectional data for eighty countries over the 1971–1990 period,
the study shows that foreign aid has a statistically positive effect on economic growth in developing countries. Lack of political
and civil liberties is found to have a negative, but statistically marginal impact on economic growth. A policy implication
which may be drawn from the study is that foreign capital inflow can have a beneficial effect by supplementing domestic savings
rather than replacing them.
Bichaka Fayissa, Ph.D., is Professor of Economics at Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN. He has published
in theInternational Journal of Social Economics, World Development, Keil World Economics, Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance,
Applied Economics, Economia Internazionale, Journal of Economics and Finance, Journal of Legal Economics, and several other journals. 相似文献
43.
Common law systems, in criminal cases, distinguish between theguilt/innocence proceedings and the sentencing stage. This isnot the case in civil law systems where criminal trial consistsof a single phase, combining the inquiry into guilt with sentencing.Under common law practice many facts relevant for sentencingare considered irrelevant at the stage of finding guilt forthe commission of the crime. Aggravating elements, therefore,address a fundamental distinction of substantive criminal lawbetween guilt and dangerousness: guilt is a determination ofresponsibility for a prior wrongdoing; dangerousness is a speculativefuture determination. The intensification of terrorist activityin the past few years has made terrorism one of today's mostpressing problems. But is terrorism a crime or an aggravatingfactor in sentencing? In this article, the author challengesconventional wisdom regarding the meaning of terroristcrimes, by providing a conceptual understanding of terrorism,as well as articulating a theory of guilt. Terrorists seldomexpress guilt. The word terrorismdescribes, instead, an overriding motivation, a way of acting,rather than the objective circumstances of acting. Terrorismis nothing but common crimes although committed with an overridingmotivation of imposing extreme fear on the nation as such. Theauthor presents the conceptual grounds of the phenomenon ofterrorism as it has evolved through history, before enquiringinto the meaning of terrorist crimes: the overridingmotivation associated with the concept of terrorism constitutesthe degree of cognate dangerousness of terrorist crimes. 相似文献
44.
P Mohammed 《Feminist Review(on-Line)》1998,(59):6-33
This theoretical study of feminism in the Caribbean opens by presenting the contemporary image of the Caribbean and then pointing to the continuing influence of the colonial past in the creation of contemporary community and the establishment of identity. The paper continues with a focus on three aspects of identity, or difference, that have influenced the daily articulation of feminism and academic debates. The first concerns the positions taken by women in the region's political struggles. The second is an exploration of the linguistic meanings of the gender discourse within the region. Finally, the essay examines the idea of linguistic difference in light of contemporary Western feminist views of "sexual difference" versus equality. The discussion of each of these issues is grounded in historical analysis and illustrated with specific examples. The study concludes that, in this region, feminism offers a new way to investigate the past while creating challenges and opportunities in the struggle to establish a Caribbean identity. 相似文献
45.
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47.
Kevin M. Beaver Eric J. Connolly Joseph A. Schwartz Mohammed Said Al-Ghamdi Ahmed Nezar Kobeisy 《Journal of criminal justice》2013
Purpose
There has been an emerging body of research estimating the stability in levels of self-control across different sections of the life course. At the same time, some of this research has attempted to examine the factors that account for both stability and change in levels of self-control. Missing from much of this research is a concerted focus on the genetic and environmental architecture of stability and change in self-control.Methods
The current study was designed to address this issue by analyzing a sample of kinship pairs drawn from the Child and Young Adult Supplement of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (CNLSY).Results
Analyses of these data revealed that genetic factors accounted for between 74 and 92 percent of the stability in self-control and between 78 and 89 percent of the change in self-control. Shared and nonshared environmental factors explained the rest of the stability and change in levels of self-control.Conclusions
A combination of genetic and environmental influences is responsible for the stability and change in levels of self-control over time. 相似文献48.
This paper critiques the approach being taken in Ghana to implement Alternative Livelihood (AL) projects in mining communities. The rapid insurgence of illegal artisanal gold mining has forced policymakers to think more creatively about ways in which to deal with mounting unemployment in the country's rural areas. Most of the economic activities being promoted, however, have proved highly unpopular with target groups. The adopted policy approaches reflect how little in tune the organisations championing AL activities are with the mindsets and ambitions of rural populations. 相似文献
49.
Stella Quah Ho Khai Leong TCA Srinivasa Raghavan Thomas Bellows Ethan Putterman Mohammed B. Alam 《Asian Journal of Political Science》2013,21(2):143-166
Jim Whitman (ed.); The Politics of Emerging Resurgent Infectious Diseases (London: MacMillan Press, 2000). Francis Loh Kok Wah and Khoo Boo Teik (eds.), Democracy in Malaysia: Discourses and Practices ( Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press, 2002}. Shu Gwang Zhang, Economic Cold War: America's Embargo against China and the Sino‐Soviet Alliance, 1949–63 (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2002). John Funston (ed.], Government and Politics in Southeast Asia (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2001). John Kane, The Politics of Moral Capital (Cambridge University Press, 2001). Gurpreet Mahajan, The Multicultural Path: Issues of Diversity and Discrimination in Democracy (New Delhi: Sage, 2002), 239 pages. S.R. Maheshwari, Administrative Reforms in India (New Delhi: Macmillan India Ltd, 2002). Frank Cunningham, Theories of Democracy: A Critical Introduction (London and New York: Taylor and Francis ‐ Routledge, 2002). 相似文献
50.
Mohammed K. El Said 《Liverpool Law Review》2007,28(1):143-174
The advocation of stronger and higher levels of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) protection has been on the rise in recent
years, particularly since the establishment of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1995. Although its establishment signalled
the beginning of a new phase in the protection of IPRs internationally, no more than a decade later, it is seen that such
a regime is still undergoing a number of significant changes. In this regard, the rise of bilateralism and the retreat of
multilateralism resulted in the so-called ‹TRIPS-Plus’ recipe in which developing countries are increasingly giving way to
the demands of the industrialised countries through incorporating higher levels of IPRs protection domestically. Although
the USA has often been viewed as the primary advocator and enforcer of the TRIPS-Plus recipe globally, this article shows
that in fact the European Union (EU) advocated the TRIPS-Plus recipe long before the USA. Thus, this article discusses the
case of the European TRIPS-Plus model with the Arab World as a clear demonstration of such a trend. Developing and Arab countries
are now faced with two determined superpowers acting at both the unilateral and bilateral levels to achieve their desired
higher standards of IPRs protection worldwide. This will further erode the flexibilities of the TRIPS Agreement, and will
entail grave repercussions for both the developing and Arab countries.
LLM, PhD, Lecturer in Law, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), UK. The author may be contacted at mel-said@uclan.ac.uk 相似文献