Intimate Partner Violence Exposure and Childhood Psychopathology: Associations with Discriminating Fearful and Angry Faces in Young Children

Journal of Family Violence - Childhood exposure to traumatic violence may shape how children respond to threatening faces and increase risk for psychopathology. Maltreated children may exhibit...     

Defining E‐leadership as Competence in ICT‐Mediated Communications: An Exploratory Assessment

While many aspects of the dramatic shifts caused by digital government have made enormous progress, the leadership of those who serve the public via electronic means has yet to take a significant step forward. This article addresses three questions: How significant has e‐leadership become? What are the challenges in trying to create a more comprehensive model of defining and measuring e‐leadership? And, based on current knowledge, what skill and behavioral elements are candidates for a concrete e‐leadership model? The authors develop and test an original model that focuses on e‐leadership as a competence in virtual communications (i.e., the use of ICT‐mediated communications) and the digital opportunities and challenges that are created. The results provide strong support for the proposed model. The article concludes with a discussion of a future agenda for e‐leadership research that can be developed in a manner that is fruitful for theory and practitioners.     

Woman Suffrage and Irish Nationalism: ethnic appeals and alliances in America

Nationalism first brought Irish-American women into a political struggle in the late nineteenth century, a role that did not go unnoticed by suffragists, who reached out to Irish-Americans through sympathy with the Home Rule movement. These connections also continued into the twentieth century as the crisis of World War I converged with revolutionary nationalism and the final push for suffrage in America. A small group of nationalists and suffragists worked together and sought alliances in an environment where Irish-American men wielded political power and Irish-American women continued to be active in the nationalist movement beyond the Ladies' Land League era.     

Muslims in Ottoman Europe: Population from 1800 to 1912

Work in the Baltic area is not easy and will not become so in the near future.

1. One has to command a number of languages in order to contribute.

2. The number of scholars interested in the Baltic is not great and they are widely dispersed. Hence, cooperation is impeded.

3. A student or scholar must become a Baltic specialist in terms of some other academic discipline.

4. Materials needed for studying the Baltic at a distance are scarce and dispersed. Even the best library holdings are none too extensive and existing collections are all too often not catalogued.

There are, however, positive aspects.

1. One can go to the area for short‐term visits with an idea of gaining insight into the locality and establishing personal contacts with resident scholars.

2. Funds, while not ample, are no more restricted than in other academic enterprises. In some respects, money is the resource most available.

     

Persistence of the smallholder,withering away of the small farmer: Comments on Bhaduri,Rahman and Arn

Bhaduri, Rahman and Arn's article on the persistence of small farms in the April 1986 issue of The Journal of Peasant Studies is reviewed. The article raises a number of critical points for understanding the effects of capitalist penetration of land‐holding patterns in Bangladesh. It is argued that the discussion would benefit from a refined methodological and definitional focus to avoid misrepresenting processes of polarisation. Particular attention in this review is given to a critique of the construction of the land stability ratio and to the conceptualisation and definition of the term ‘small farm’.     

Business Development Support and Knowledge-Based Businesses

Knowledge-based businesses are vital to the economic development and revitalization of many regions, especially areas that have experienced a decline in traditional industries. Notwithstanding the importance of KBBs to areas with marginal economies, little is known about the business development support requirements of these firms and the extent to which their support needs are being met. Through the use of a telephone survey, this empirical study investigates the demand-side perspectives and experiences of entrepreneurs in a peripheral region of Canada to determine the types and sources of support used at various stages of business development, and to identify potential support gaps. Findings indicate support used by KBBs differs from more traditional firms and that support needs change as firms move through the life cycle. There appears to be a low level of awareness among firms in the study region of available support services and a perception that support beyond the start-up stage is generally lacking. These findings have important implications for researches and for agencies with a business development support mandate.     

Detention and desistance from crime: Evaluating the influence of a new generation jail on recidivism

New generation jails represent a fundamental reform to the structure and management style of traditional jails. Evaluations have investigated the effects of this innovation on the internal operations of detention facilities, although no study has yet examined the potential impact of new generation designs on the postrelease criminal behavior of inmates. Using a sample of 600 inmates housed under indirect or direct supervision, the present study began to address this issue. The results suggest that the new generation model does not increase recidivism and may reduce postrelease offending in some situations.