Framing and Deliberation: How Citizens' Conversations Limit Elite Influence

Public opinion research demonstrates that citizens' opinions depend on elite rhetoric and interpersonal conversations. Yet, we continue to have little idea about how these two forces interact with one another. In this article, we address this issue by experimentally examining how interpersonal conversations affect (prior) elite framing effects. We find that conversations that include only common perspectives have no effect on elite framing, but conversations that include conflicting perspectives eliminate elite framing effects. We also introduce a new individual level moderator of framing effects—called "need to evaluate"—and we show that framing effects, in general, tend to be short-lived phenomena. In the end, we clarify when elites can and cannot use framing to influence public opinion and how interpersonal conversations affect this process .     

从审美功能到社会功能:物质材料、展演及消费者——以加拿大因纽特人的雕刻艺术为例

艺术品作为艺术家"意识延伸"的一部分,具有某种能动性。即,艺术被创造的目的是要服务于社会关系网络。艺术品不仅仅要表现其样貌与风格所传达的意义,更为重要的是要表现其在创作过程中所包含的社会文化意义。从这个意义上讲,艺术除了美感以外的能动性,超越了纯艺术与工艺品、个人与社会的界限。因此,在对人类的审美和艺术的研究中,最需要关注的不仅仅是审美和艺术本身,而是在创作过程中,艺术品所表现的社会文化内涵。     

How do firms use innovations to hedge against economic and political uncertainty? Evidence from a large sample of nations

The Journal of Technology Transfer - Using data on 135 countries, this paper studies the determinants of process innovation introduction, focusing on the impacts of economic and political...     

Evaluating the economic impact of a special credit programme: KIK/KMKP in Indonesia

This article discusses a study of the economic impact of Indonesia's KIK/KMKP programme of special credits for small‐scale enterprises. Our major focus is on how to measure economic impact. It discusses the concept of ‘impact’, the survey design, the statistical framework, and the practical problems of implementation, and briefly summarises the findings. We believe that our methodology generated reasonably reliable data and fundamentally sound estimates of the credit programme's direct impact on employment, output and income.     

Credit scores,race, and residential sorting

Credit scores have a profound impact on home purchasing power and mortgage pricing, yet little is known about how credit scores influence households' residential location decisions. This study estimates the effects of credit scores on residential sorting behavior using a novel mortgage industry data set combining household demographic, credit, and financial data with property location information and detailed community attribute data. I employ the data set to estimate a discrete‐choice residential sorting model. I find that credit scores significantly predict residential sorting behavior and models that do not account for credit score provide biased estimates of housing utilities for black households in particular. Simulation results show that increases in credit score are associated with increases in the consumption of higher‐priced homes in more expensive school districts, higher‐quality public schools, and proximity to urban/metropolitan areas. © 2010 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.