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The absence of a thoroughly developed, working class critique of criminological theory has resulted in bias in the creation
of knowledge regarding crime and deviance. Much as feminist writings illuminated the unique problems related to gender, and
works by those discussing racial and ethnic minorities highlighted the special concerns related to race and ethnicity, a working
class perspective can expose the particular issues having to do with class. A brief discussion will be presented dealing with
the portrayal of working class people in the media, and the complicity of academia in allowing working class stereotypes to
persist. A sketch of a working class perspective will then be developed, and it will be used to critique fourteen of the major
criminological theories today in terms of their relative sensitivities and considerations of the class factor in crime and
justice issues. The final section places each of the fourteen theories on a continuum from those that do not consider the
working class experience at all to those that give the working class experience full consideration.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Thomas A. Schmeling 《Law & policy》2003,25(4):429-454
Employing a critical-mass theory of collective action, this article models the emergence of cooperation among state attorneys general in litigation against the tobacco industry. These suits were not independent events, nor was cooperation based on prior agreement among the attorneys general. Rather, cooperation emerged over time as a result of interdependent decision-making, with early lawsuits increasing the likelihood of later suits. The model emphasizes the "production function" of the collective good and the heterogeneity of the attorneys general and their political environments as keys to the development of cooperation. The model is tested against data using event history analysis. 相似文献
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Michelle Wierson Sarah D. Nousiainen Rex Forehand Amanda McCombs Thomas 《Journal of family violence》1992,7(1):9-18
Much attention has been paid to the nature of parent-adolescent relationships, with a frequent conclusion being that it is a time of marked disagreement between parents and their adolescents. However, other literature suggests that this time is not inherently conflictual. The purpose of this study was to examine agreement and disagreement between mothers, fathers, and adolescents on specific issues. Then, adolescent adjustment was assessed, and the degree to which it was a function of congruence with parents was examined. A modified version of the Issues Checklist was used to measure intrafamily agreement; the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist and the Harter Scale of Child's Actual Competence were completed by adolescents' social studies teachers to assess adolescent functioning. Relative to their parents, adolescents reported that they should make more decisions alone, while both mothers and fathers reported that decisions should be made jointly among all family members. Only father-adolescent congruence was found consistently to be related to adolescent functioning. Possible explanations for the present results and relevant issues pertaining to family agreement are discussed. 相似文献
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Criminal justice agencies are organized sequentially — “output” from one agency is “input” to the next — but most scholars argue that criminal justice is not a system in a theoretical sense. In this article, it is argued that general systems theory (GST) reveals important insights into criminal justice structures and functions. Specifically, it is argued that the criminal justice system processes “cases” rather than people, and that the common goal of criminal justice processing is to “close cases so that they stay closed.” It also is argued that processing capacity progressively declines, in that at each system point the subsequent agency cannot input as many cases as the previous agency can output. Each agency therefore experiences “backward pressure” to close cases in order to reduce input to the next agency. Overall, this article highlights that criminal justice agents and agencies are best understood as operating in the context of the larger whole, thus it is concluded that criminal justice is a system in the sense of general systems theory. 相似文献
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Nicholas Bamforth 《The Modern law review》1995,58(1):109-120
Kees Waaldijk and Andrew Clapham (eds), Homosexuality: A European Community Issue—Essays on Lesbian and Gay Rights in European Law and Policy 相似文献
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