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31.
In recent years, the imperative to communicate organisational impacts to a variety of stakeholders has gained increasing importance within all sectors. Despite growing external demands for evaluation and social impact measurement, there has been limited critically informed analysis about the presumed importance of these activities to organisational success and the practical challenges faced by organisations in undertaking such assessment. In this paper, we present the findings from an action research study of five Australian small to medium social enterprises’ practices and use of evaluation and social impact analysis. Our findings have implications for social enterprise operators, policy makers and social investors regarding when, why and at what level these activities contribute to organisational performance and the fulfilment of mission. 相似文献
32.
Nina Mari van Loon 《International Public Management Journal》2013,16(1):78-110
ABSTRACTDue to the use of self-reported data and mixed findings, doubts have been raised about the positive relationships found between public service motivation (PSM) and performance. This study aims to provide a robust test of the PSM–performance relationship by using work-unit supervisor ratings, thereby decreasing the risk of common-source bias. Further, this study provides a robustness test by analyzing the relationship between PSM and overall performance, as well as with various dimensions thereof (output, efficiency, service outcome, responsiveness, and resilience). Survey data on employees in 55 work-units of a healthcare organization were analyzed using multiple regression. The results indicate that PSM is significantly related to overall performance but, when regressed on the separate dimensions, PSM is not significantly related to efficiency and responsiveness. The results have implications for both theory and practice as they show that whether PSM relates to performance depends on how performance is conceptualized. 相似文献
33.
The willingness to solve conflicts without violence and to strive for a reconciliation of interests is of central significance for the continued existence of democracies. In this paper, we aim to analyze school-related determinants of adolescents’ conflict behaviour. Models predicting the conflict styles of ‘integrating’, ‘dominating’, ‘avoiding’ and ‘obliging’ were developed drawing on different school climate and school development variables. At the individual level, almost all our hypotheses were confirmed. The highest correlations were found between an open classroom climate and the participation in a class council on the one hand, and an integrating conflict style on the other. On the class level however, most of the anticipated effects did not turn out to be significant. We hope that by providing information about different school climate and school development variables’ impacts on adolescents’ conflict styles, we can contribute to a more effective promotion of constructive conflict behaviour in adolescents. 相似文献
34.
In some areas in Sub‐Saharan Africa, a rural proletariat has emerged, mainly consisting of labourers living and working on plantations and large mixed farms. Besides these ‘full proletarians’, there are also labourers living outside the agricultural estates who perform agricultural wage labour during specific seasons only. Most of these ‘semi‐proletarians’ own a small piece of land. The study analyses the relationship between the degree of proletarianisation on the one hand, and the socio‐economic situation and living conditions of labourers on large farms in Kenya's Trans Nzoia District on the other. In doing so, a comparison is also made with a group of non‐labourers. The conclusion is that a higher degree of proletarianisation coincides with a lower income level but not necessarily poorer living conditions. 相似文献
35.
The study investigated the relationships between substance use, body image, and peer influence among Finnish adolescents. The participants (N=488, 240 boys and 248 girls), were eighth-grade high school students. The data were gathered using a questionnaire. In addition to background information, the study covered risk behaviors frequency, body satisfaction, and peer relationships. The results indicated that the levels of body satisfaction among the adolescent girls studied were lower than those among the adolescent boys. It was found that the girls engaged in more discussion with peers than the boys concerning both intimate and general matters. Moreover, having an intimate relationship with one's peers was associated with a greater tendency to drink purely in order to get drunk. However, a slightly more distant relationship with friends was associated with a greater risk for smoking. In general, dissatisfaction with one's physical appearance seemed to relate to substance use. By highlighting the relationships between adolescents’ body image, substance use, and peer influence the study gives pointers for further research, and may be suggestive in terms of the kinds of social policies that ought to be pursued in the future.MA (Educational Sciences) from the University of Turku. Research interests include substance use and the life processes of adolescents.Docent (Educational Sciences), PhD from the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm. 相似文献
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Armed nonstate conflict without the direct involvement of the state government is a common phenomenon. Violence between armed gangs, rebel groups, or communal militias is an important source of instability and has gained increasing scholarly attention. In this article, we introduce a data collection on conflict issues and key actor characteristics in armed nonstate conflicts that provides new opportunities for investigating the causes, dynamics, and consequences of this form of organized violence. The data builds on and extends the Uppsala Conflict Data Program Non-State Conflict data set by introducing additional information on what the actors in the conflict are fighting over, alongside actor characteristics. It covers Africa during the time period 1989–2011. The data set distinguishes between two main categories of issues, territory and authority, in addition to a residual category of other issues. Furthermore, we specify sub-issues within these categories, such as agricultural land/water as sub-issue for territory and religious issues for other issues. As actor characteristics, the data set notes whether warring parties received military support by external actors and whether religion and the mode of livelihood were salient in the mobilization of the armed group. The article presents coding processes, key features of the data set, and point to avenues for new research based on these data. 相似文献
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Nina S. Mounts David P. Valentiner Katherine L. Anderson Michelle K. Boswell 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2006,35(1):68-77
A path model was tested in an ethnically diverse sample of 350 college students in which shyness, sociability, and parental
support for the college transition were related to loneliness and friendship quality. Furthermore, friendship quality and
loneliness were related to depression and anxiety. High levels of shyness, low levels of sociability, and low levels of parental
support were related to high levels of loneliness. High levels of parental support for the college transition were related
to more positive friendship quality. Multiple regression analyses suggested that loneliness, but not friendship quality, were
related to adolescents’ anxiety and depression. In addition, the interaction between shyness and sociability was significantly
related to anxiety for African-American adolescents such that adolescents who reported low levels of sociability in combination
with high levels of shyness reported the highest levels of anxiety. There was also a significant interaction between sociability
and parental support for African-American adolescents such that high levels of sociability in combination with low levels
of parental support for the college transition were related to high levels of anxiety. For White adolescents, only loneliness
was related to anxiety.
Nina S. Mounts is an associate professor at Northern Illinois University. She received her PhD in child and family studies
from University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her major research interests are on linkages between parent and peer contexts, parental
management of adolescents’ peer relationships, and peer influence on adolescents.
David P. Valentiner is an associate professor at Northern Illinois University. He received his PhD in clinical psychology
from University of Texas-Austin. His major research interests are cognitive and emotional factors in anxiety disorders, including
the development and maintenance of social anxiety.
Katherine Anderson is a graduate student at University of Wisconsin-Madison. She received her MS in developmental psychology
from Northern Illinois University. Her major research interests are on career identity development in college students.
Michelle Boswell is a graduate student at Northern Illinois University. She received her MS in clinical psychology from Northern
Illinois University. Her major research interests are on parenting effects on bullying and victimization. 相似文献