Young People,Antisocial Behavior and Unemployment: Toward a Trans-Disciplinary Analysis of Criminalization

Critical Criminology - This article considers the diverse use of the concept of criminalization in criminological and socio-legal analyses, the meanings attached to it, and the differentiated modes...     

Allocation of crania to groups via the "new morphometry".

An investigation regarding the variation in cranial morphology between American blacks and whites was conducted using triangulation schemes of inter-landmark distances and converting these to three dimensional coordinate data. A least squares superimposition method and Euclidean distance analysis were utilized to obtain parameters for classifying individuals in our sample, consisting of 19 black and nineteen white crania from the William M. Bass, III Donated and Forensic collections curated at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Thirty-six caliper measurements were collected on each skull based on 14 homologous cranial landmarks (nasion, bregma, lambda, prosthion, subspinale, basion, frontomalare (left and right), zygoorbitale (left and right), zygotemporale (left and right), and left and right asterion). The results are compared to traditional discriminant analysis. The classification results using the new morphometry are comparable to traditional discriminant analysis. However, the new morphometry can provide information as to the specific location of morphological variation that cannot be obtained with discriminant analysis.     

Cardiac Sudden Death as a Result of Acute Coronary Artery Thrombosis During Chemotherapy for Testicular Carcinoma

Abstract: We report the first acute coronary fibrin thrombus arising upon atherosclerosis detected at autopsy in a man receiving chemotherapy for testicular carcinoma. The decedent was a smoker with no other known atherosclerotic risk factors. Histology revealed superficial atherosclerotic plaque erosion with endothelial necrosis and no intraplaque hemorrhage. A focus of intimal lymphoid infiltrates was noted away from the plaque. These findings raise the possibility of chemotherapy‐induced vascular damage as a factor in thrombogenesis. A review of Pubmed was performed which documented clinical reports of an association of chemotherapy with acute cardiac ischemia but no well described autopsy findings. Our case highlights the need for careful assessment of the coronary system in chemotherapy patients dying suddenly, particularly in the absence of significant atherosclerotic risk factors. Such postmortem examination will ensure thorough death investigation and may elucidate the pathogenesis of thrombosis with potential reduction in cardiac ischemic risks of chemotherapy patients.     

THE EFFECTS OF DIVORCE AND CUSTODY ARRANGEMENTS ON CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOR, DEVELOPMENT, AND ADJUSTMENT

This article summarizes the consensus among a group of experts from developmental and clinical psychology, sociology, social welfare, and law who sought to evaluate existing empirical evidence regarding the ways in which children are affected by divorce and the varying custody arrangements that follow it. Divorce and/or single parenthood tend to have adverse effects on children's adjustment, with the magnitude of the effects varying depending on the psychological status of the two parents, the extent of conflict between them, and the financial circumstances, particularly after divorce. Children whose nonresidential parents continue to support them financially, those whose custodial parents are psychologically healthy, and those who have and maintain meaningful relationships with nonresidential parents tend to be affected less by the divorce, especially when there is no conflict between the parents. Interventions should thus be designed with these factors in mind.