Analysis: Reconceptualising transitional justice: embedded and distanced justice

This article argues that transitional justice ranges from the very personal and local to the global and structural, spanning processes and outcomes, clear demands, compromises and contracts. It explores this diversity using the framework of ‘embedded justice’ and ‘distanced justice’, and the case studies of South Africa, Rwanda and Sierra Leone. The argument draws on Fletcher and Weinstein (2002) to argue that justice needs to be embedded within and to engage the communities, cultures and contexts of conflict. A recent article by Sieff and Vinjamuri (2002) is used to advocate decentralisation. Transitional justice debates have generally overlooked justice, and human rights, as manifest in political, economic and social processes whilst privileging the law, and dismissing the potential of locally generated and embedded justice. The article argues that achieving the correct balance requires a shedding of naïve faith in, and the transformation of, both local and international justice, and the contexts within which they operate, whilst seeking to build on their complementary capacities and legitimacies.     

Socialism after communism?: The socioeconomic and cultural foundations of left politics in post-soviet russia

This article examines socioeconomic foundations of leftist politics in post-Soviet Russia. It is often argued that the reemergence of left politics is the result of contingent factors connected to transitional crises. While this is one source of strength for the left, there are two more important and enduring sources: a “socialist value culture” among a large majority of Russians, and an emerging pseudo-capitalist system that is creating “traditional” class-based and left-leaning attitudes and affiliations among particular social groups. The article examines the extent of this value culture and the emergence of these attitudes and affiliations through an analysis of statistical data and interviews conducted with Russian workers and intelligentsia figures from 1994–1997.     

西方国家利益集团规制思路及其对中国的借鉴

利益集团是民主社会中的一种客观的、必然的现象,也是一种利弊兼有的现象,因此政治共同体应该规范和引导利益集团的活动。西方国家对利益集团的规制主要有分权制衡、促进多元利益集团的相互抵消与自然平衡、增强政府自主性、加强依法规制、强化政党体制等思路与方法。这些思路对于有效规制我国改革开放以来因利益分化与民主政治发展而出现的利益集团有一定的借鉴意义。     

金融性与国际性：国际金融法本质特征之所在

国际金融法这一概念的本质特征就在于其调整对象具有金融性和国际性。从金融的内涵看,资金融通是金融的初始和基本的本质特征,但当代只有将金融界定为虚拟经济才能容纳全部的金融实践。金融性将国际金融法与研究国际关系问题的其它学科或科学区分开来。从外延看,金融涵盖货币、银行、证券、保险等,国际金融法相应地包括以上领域的制度。由于WTO将商业存在作为金融服务提供的方式之一,传统的"国际"标准暴露出其局限性,因此,国际性应将外国在东道国建立商业存在而发生的各类金融关系包括进来。国际性将国际金融法与国内金融法区分开来,而金融性与国际性的结合使国际金融关系成为国际金融法独有和特定的调整对象。     

中国制造业走出国门的知识产权保护问题

入世后,中国产业尤其是制造业面临着专利技术侵权的严峻考验,在国际大企业不断的侵权诉讼中,寻找问题的关键和突破重围成为国内企业走出国门的当务之急。本文结合2003年里发生的中国制造业在国内外所受的专利侵权案件,分析其产生的原因,以江苏省制造业为例,试对我国制造业在WTO大背景下出口的知识产权保护问题提出相应的解决方案。