Tokenism and job satisfaction for policewomen

Women law enforcement officers from New Jersey and Pennsylvania participated in a self-administered anonymous survey. The objective of this study was to capture the respondent’s attitudes toward work and ascertain their levels of job satisfaction using Wharton and Barton’s (1991) job satisfaction scales. Their levels of job satisfaction were correlated with the proportion of women in their respective departments. Using Kanter’s (1977) concept of tokenism, it was found that those women who made up less than 15% of their department experienced less job satisfaction, greater levels of job-related depression, and lower self-esteem than those women working in departments where their numbers comprised greater than 15% of their departmental sworn personnel.     

School Engagement Among Youth Entering Probation

Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Strong school engagement is crucial for school success among adolescents and particularly important for reducing recidivism. Yet, little is known about school...     

Ethylene glycol poisoning

A 40-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department after a suicide attempt. The patient was found at home unconscious, with an open bottle of antifreeze near him. The patient was in a coma on admission, but neurological examination excluded intracranial changes. Results of initial urine and serum toxicological screening tests were negative. Laboratory values indicated metabolic acidosis, leukocytosis, urinalysis revealed hematuria and unrecognized crystals. Osmolality and osmol gap were not determined on patient admission. Treatment with ethanol as an antidote and hemodialysis were started because of metabolic acidosis, anamnestic data and clinical status of the patient, and subsequently led to improvement of his condition. Further toxicological analyses of glycolic and oxalic acids in serum and urine samples were performed by ion-chromatography (IC) method and showed high values in spot urine and serum ultrafiltrate at admission, but during therapy the values progressively decreased. Treatment of poisoned patient for 3 weeks resulted in complete recovery.     

Britain’s Choice: Polarisation or Cohesion

Britain’s Choice, a report published by More in Common, develops a new segmentation of the British public based on their core beliefs, values and identities. Identifying seven segments, the report aims to better understand the British public, the goal being to work out how to build a more cohesive Britain—the choice facing Britain being a path to further division and polarisation or one to greater solidarity and shared values. The report strikes a broadly optimistic turn and highlights the shared values across the seven groups, but there are warning signs in the data that there are still many issues on which these groups could be divided, the overlap between them, for now, limiting the success of attempts to do so and throwing up a ‘kaleidoscopic’ pattern that changes from issue to issue.