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排序方式: 共有125条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Philipp O. Amour 《British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies》2017,44(3):293-309
Since 2011, geo-strategic interactions have exerted pressure on various political communities. In particular, uncertainty over the foreign policy intentions of new leadership elites and the nature of the unfolding regional security system in the Middle East have impacted the strategic questions Israel must answer: how can Israel rationally assess the new environment? What foreign policy approach would best serve Israel’s distinct national interests? Using insights from the levels-of-analysis framework and from the realist theory of International Relations, this article aims to explore Israel’s reading of recent regional developments and its attitudes and behaviours towards the attendant and emerging strategic challenges. The analysis reveals that the Arab Spring uprisings exacerbated the already anarchic Middle East environment, aggravating mistrust and antagonism in Israel. The urgency of the attraction of protectionism and militarism in Israel was an expression of the realist approach to Israel’s primary strategic consolidation. With time, the regional dynamic has evolved into a more predictable—but still complex—structure than it was during its early phase (2010–2013). Although there have been signs of potential regional political eruptions, other developments have promoted continuity in the Middle East, which plays to Israel’s strategic advantage. 相似文献
22.
Friedrich Heinemann Philipp Mohl Steffen Osterloh 《The Review of International Organizations》2009,4(1):73-99
The current revenue system of the EU is still structured like that of an organization based on intergovernmental cooperation,
although the EU is already far advanced in legislative and political integration. This antagonism gives reason to discuss
whether or not the EU should be granted an autonomous tax source. Our contribution to this debate explores the factors which
shape the acceptance of the EU tax option among European policy makers. A self-conducted survey among Members of the European
Parliament (MEPs), which resulted in a response of some 150 of the representatives, offers us a unique database. Concerning
MEPs’ revenue system preferences, our findings confirm an important impact of party ideology and individual characteristics
while they indicate that country-specific factors also contribute to understand the attitudes towards an EU tax. In the light
of our findings the status quo bias in the revenue system of the EU can be attributed to the persistent importance of national
interests with respect to tax policy.
相似文献
Friedrich HeinemannEmail: |
23.
In this paper, we present a vision for IMF surveillance that seeks to produce a more accountable, transparent, and independent
surveillance process. First, to make surveillance more focused, the IMF’s assessment should be principles-based; that is,
the Fund should assess the overall coherence of exchange rate, monetary, fiscal and financial policies, with a view to analyzing
their effects on external stability. Second, the IMF should have a governance structure that increases incentives to support
candid, transparent assessments of surveillance. In practice, this entails a different role for the Executive Board: the Board
will set out the Fund’s strategic framework for surveillance; the Managing Director and the staff will conduct surveillance.
These reforms clarify the roles and responsibilities of the IMF and its member countries in the surveillance process. Also,
our proposed reforms aim at making surveillance more even-handed and objective. We believe that this principles-based approach
can bolster the credibility and legitimacy of surveillance, giving the Fund greater influence on the economic policies of
members.
相似文献
Eric SantorEmail: |
24.
We argue that party polarization is a function of parties' distances, their internal homogeneity, and their relative sizes. While existing measures in political science incorporate the first and last feature, party homogeneity is typically neglected. Since virtually all polarization measures in one way or another incorporate distance, we suggest a simple way to adjust distance measures for party homogeneity. We then examine levels and trends of polarization in nine OECD countries using a newly collected data-set which includes left–right party positions based on both expert and mass surveys. 相似文献
25.
Philipp Paech 《The Modern law review》2017,80(6):1073-1110
Since the emergence of the virtual currency Bitcoin in 2009, a new, Internet‐based way of recording entitlements and enforcing rights has increasingly captured the interest of businesses and governments. The technology is commonly called ‘blockchain’ and is often associated with a closely related phenomenon, the ‘smart contract’. The market is now exploring ways of using these concepts for financial assets, such as securities, fiat money and derivative contracts. This article develops a conceptual framework for the governance of blockchain‐based networks in financial markets. It constructs a vision of how financial regulation and private law should set the boundaries of this new technology in order to protect market participants and societies at large, while at the same time allowing the necessary room for innovation. 相似文献
26.
27.
Public Choice - In random voting, the committee chair, whose vote decides in the case of a draw, is more often decisive than ordinary voters. Therefore, in the power indices literature, the... 相似文献
28.
An investigation of strangulation tools often reveals DNA of the victim. In some cases, DNA of the suspect can also be demonstrated, even in strangulation tools with a smooth surface like cables. The authors report a case of strangulation of two victims with cable ties. In addition, several used and unused cable ties were found at the crime scene. The DNA analysis detected DNA of the victims, but also genomic and mitochondrial DNA of various other persons not knowingly involved in the crime. Experiments with unused cable ties revealed that even a single handling of a cable tie may leave DNA traces. An enquiry of the companies selling cable ties showed that the cable ties are manually handled, so that foreign DNA must always be expected. 相似文献
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30.
Jan‐Philipp Goertz 《European Security》2013,22(3):101-109
Given Russia's history of legal expediency and the emphasis of Western policy on economic liberalization, it is not surprising that Russian reforms have yet to produce a functioning market economy and effective political institutions, including civil‐military control. A Western‐style economic and military model is fundamentally built on the rule of law as a supreme and impartial tool of conflict resolution and distribution of rights and power. Without it, government action cannot be predicted, destroying trust in the institutions and denying private and public activity a basis for long‐term planning which is based on trust and predictability. Without long‐term planning neither companies nor armies can be successful, giving rise to a pseudo‐legal state of de facto laws. For its economic, political and military reforms to be successful Russia needs to emphasize the building of the institutions for developing and predictably enforcing a set of laws, an effort that needs to receive priority support from Western partners. 相似文献