电针督脉对缺血性脑损伤大鼠神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的：揭示电针治疗在缺血性脑血管疾病中的分子机制。方法：采用原位标记法，研究电针督脉的大椎、百会经穴对缺血性脑损伤的保护作用。凝闭大鼠大脑中动脉致局灶性脑缺血10h后，选择末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导dUTP缺口末端标记法（TUNEL）检测神经细胞的凋亡状况，并观察电针对其影响。结果：电针组大脑皮质梗死区内TUNEL染色阳性细胞显减少，与模型组比较，差异有显性意义（P＜0．01）。结论：电针可抑制脑缺血后脑内神经细胞凋亡。     

阴黄证内毒素水平的实验研究

目的:探讨阴黄证血浆内毒素水平以及内毒素血症在阴黄证肝损伤发病机制中的作用.方法:选用Wistar大鼠24只,随机分为正常组、阳黄组及阴黄组.采用生化法测定内毒素含量和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)活性.结果:与正常组比较,阳黄组血浆内毒素水平无显著性差异,而阴黄组显著高于对照组(P<0.01).阳黄组与阴黄组ALT活性显著高于正常组,且阴黄组显著高于阳黄组(P<0.01).阴黄组中内毒素水平与ALT活性之间呈正相关关系(r=0.993,P<0.01). 结论:内毒素血症为阴黄证常见并发症,内毒素血症在阴黄证肝损伤发病中具有重要作用.     

Evaluating the relative impact of positive and negative encounters with police: a randomized experiment

Objectives

Examines the influence of positive, negative, and neutral police behavior during traffic stops on citizen perceptions of police.

Methods

Participants were randomly assigned to view a video clip of a simulated traffic stop in which the officer communicates with the driver in a positive (procedurally just), negative (procedurally unjust), or neutral manner. After viewing the video, participants completed a survey about their perceptions of police, including their level of trust in police, obligation to obey police orders, and willingness to cooperate with police.

Results

Observing positive interactions with police enhanced people’s self-reported willingness to cooperate with police, obligation to obey police and the law, and trust and confidence in police, whereas observing negative interactions undermined these outcomes. The effects of these interactions were much stronger for encounter-specific outcomes than for more general outcomes.

Conclusions

The results from this randomized experiment confirm that procedural justice can enhance people’s prosocial attitudes toward police, whereas procedural injustice can undermine these attitudes. While positive (procedurally just) interactions tend to have weaker effects than negative (procedurally unjust) interactions, this study finds little support for the notion that only negative experiences shape people’s views about the police.

     

论日本的朝鲜半岛政策与日韩邦交正常化

“二战”后日本总的朝鲜半岛政策就是“两个朝鲜”政策。以此为前提,在不同的历史时期,日本根。据国际、国内形势的变化,采取了不同的具体对韩政策。20世纪60年代以前,处于战后复兴阶段的日本,为自身的国家利益考虑,在对朝鲜半岛殖民统治的认识、韩国对日请求权、日韩渔业纷争、在日朝鲜人等问题上对韩采取了强硬政策。之后,随着日本经济的高速增长和美国东亚政策的调整,日本从现实的国家利益及配合美国的东亚战略的角度出发,搁置日韩在殖民统治认识问题上的争议,迅速着手解决影响当代日韩关系发展的最大障碍——韩国对日请求权问题和日韩渔业纷争问题,实现了日韩邦交正常化。     

进攻性现实主义与布什政府对朝政策研究现状述评

本文就进攻性现实主义与布什政府对朝政策研究的目的及意义、国内研究现状进行梳理、阐释和评述,认为美国的外交政策是各派的折中产物,都是基于美国的国家利益和对世界局势的综合考虑。进攻性现实主义与美国保守派占上风的布什政府的外交理念相吻合,是“为永葆美国强权开药方”,是布什政府对朝政策的重要理论来源。其研究具有重要的理论和实践价值及自身特点,应在理论与实际“结合”上下工夫。理论与政策实务的结合,理论抑或政策的研究的连续性和整体性以及整体性研究与细节考察等方面是今后进一步研究的空间。     

对中欧全面战略伙伴关系的新期望

伴随当前国际体系的深刻变化和全球化深入发展的大趋势,中欧关系未来发展走向一直是双方十分关切的重要课题。最近中欧之间一系列高层会晤和战略对话,不仅向外界显示了双方对中欧关系的高度重视,而且进一步明确了对中欧全面战略伙伴关系的新期待。中欧双方近期各自表达的关于中欧关系发展走向的新愿景,既有更加积极性的、相似性的层面,同时也显示了双方仍难以消除的分歧性层面。近期,中国领导人提出以新思维推动中欧关系向更高的水平发展具有重要的现实意义。     

国际核不扩散形势与世界安全——“第一届中英智库安全战略论坛暨国际核不扩散形势与世界安全”选辑

2010年11月10日,中国和平与发展研究中心与英国皇家三军防务研究所（RUSI）在北京共同举办＂第一届中英智库安全战略论坛暨国际核不扩散形势与世界安全研讨会＂。英方学者提交的论文可以反映西方主流智库学者在国际核裁军及核军控问题上的基本看法,现将其中两篇英文和中文翻译摘要刊出,以飨读者。     

Gender, social support, and depression in criminal justice-involved adolescents

Knowing where criminal justice-involved teens look for support and whether those supports reduce depression has important and possibly gender-specific treatment implications for this vulnerable population. This study examines the relationships between social support and depression in a mixed-gender sample of 198 incarcerated adolescents. Greater support from families and overall and greater satisfaction with supports predicted lower depression for boys and girls. Support from siblings and extended family strongly predicted lower depression; support from parents and from friends was either not related or only weakly related to depression. Girls reported higher levels of depression, more support from friends and extended family, and less support from parents than did boys. Family, sibling, and overall support were stronger predictors of depression for girls than for boys. Results suggest that nonparent family members, especially siblings and extended family, provide important emotional resources for teens in the criminal justice system.