Violence among Arab elementary school pupils in Israel

This article examines the prevalence of violence in primary schools attended by Arab children in Israel and the relationship between such exposure and violent behavior among these children. Participants are 388 Arab children (aged 10 to 12 years) living in three localities in Israel. The research focuses on three of the child's roles in relation to violence: witness, victim, and perpetrator. An adapted Arabic translation of the Violence Exposure Scale-Revised is administered to children in group settings. The children report more exposure to moderate levels than to severe levels of violence. Boys are exposed to more violence as victims, and witness and perpetrate more violence than girls do. Multiple regression analysis shows that the experience of being a victim predicts violent behavior in the children, above the effects of age and gender. The limitations of the study and its implications for future research and theory development are discussed.     

New technology in craniofacial human identification

Results of development and prospects of using new computer technologies of craniofacial personality identification based on three-dimensional simulation of identification objects are demonstrated.     

Study of human salivary agglutinins in expert evaluation of disputable paternity

Analysis of the saliva for evaluation of AB0 production should be carried out along with other studies in expert evaluation of disputable paternity and maternity and in cases with replacement of children. A total of 249 subjects (79 families) were examined. Salivary specimens from 72 families were analyzed; salivary specimens were not analyzed in 7 families in which both men and women had blood group IV (AB0) and no agglutinins were present in the serum. The production of isoantibodies alpha and beta is inherited similarly as the production of AB0 isoantigens. The majority (81.6%) of children whose parents were isoantibody producers, were isoantibody producers too. If one parent produced isoantibodies and the other not, the children were more often (68.1%) producers, but less often than in the previous category. If both parents were non-producers, the children were non-producers as well.     

Use of liver morphometry in the differential diagnosis of chronic alcohol and narcotic poisoning

Data on the quantitative histomorphological involvement of the liver in chronic narcotic and ethanol poisoning and their combination are presented. Alcohol use by narcomaniacs augments hepatocyte damage, which manifests by increased fatty degeneration, increased activity of lobular hepatitis, appearance of the neutrophil admixture in inflammatory infiltration, and stimulation of sclerotic processes leading to an increase in the perimeter of portal tract section at the expense of connective tissue growth. Quantitative analysis of these processes is recommended for forensic medical histological differential diagnosis of chronic narcotic and ethanol poisoning.