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101.
Borate-containing compounds were formerly used as topical antiseptics and were components of many medicinal preparations including skin powders and ointments used for the treatment of burns and diaper rash. These compounds were also used as irrigants for body cavities, including the pleural, vaginal, and rectal cavities. These applications were subsequently discontinued by the medical community when the toxicity and potential lethality of borates were recognized. Although documented cases of borate poisoning are now rare, the chemical is still an active component commonly used in high concentrations in household disinfectants/cleaners, pesticides, and wood preservatives. While the majority of documented borate-related deaths have occurred in infants, the toddler population is currently at risk due to possible exposure to these household products. We present the case of an 18-month-old child who died following the accidental ingestion of a boric acid-containing, commercially available roach pesticide product. 相似文献
102.
Hassan Siddiki J G Fletcher Beth McFarland Nora Dajani Nicholas Orme Barbara Koenig Marguerite Strobel Susan M Wolf 《The Journal of law, medicine & ethics》2008,36(2):320-31, 213
Incidental findings (IFs) of potential medical significance are seen in approximately 5-8 percent of asymptomatic subjects and 16 percent of symptomatic subjects participating in large computed tomography (CT) colonography (CTC) studies, with the incidence varying further by CT acquisition technique. While most CTC research programs have a well-defined plan to detect and disclose IFs, such plans are largely communicated only verbally. Written consent documents should also inform subjects of how IFs of potential medical significance will be detected and reported in CTC research studies. 相似文献
103.
Susan M Wolf Jordan Paradise Charlisse Caga-anan 《The Journal of law, medicine & ethics》2008,36(2):361-83, 214
Research technologies can now produce so much information that there is significant potential for incidental findings (IFs). These are findings generated in research that are beyond the aims of the study. Current law and federal regulations offer no direct guidance on how to deal with IFs in research, nor is there adequate professional or institutional guidance. We advocate a defined set of researcher duties based on law and ethics and recommend a pathway to be followed in handling IFs in research. This article traces the underlying ethical and legal theories supporting researcher duties to manage IFs, including duties to develop a plan for management in the research protocol, to discuss the possibility of and management plan for IFs in the informed consent process, and to address, evaluate, and ultimately offer to disclose IFs of potential clinical or reproductive significance to research participants when they arise. 相似文献
104.
Cristian J. Melo Steven A. Wolf 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》2007,42(3-4):256-278
Results of our 2003 survey of Ecuadorian banana producers’ farming practices indicate that firms engaged in labeling schemes generate lower environmental risks than uncertified firms. Certified firms exhibit relatively comprehensive environmental management systems, while noncertified farms exhibited limited, uneven, and unstructured adoption of best management practices. We explore the specific circumstances that differentiate the more environmentally friendly firms from their conventional counterparts, and we identify the sustainability pathways available to differently situated firms engaged in banana production. We find that small certified operations mobilize social capital to engage alternative markets and add value to their products, while large certified firms rely on financial backing of international organizations to modernize their operations. For both large and small firms producing bananas in Ecuador, the sustainability gains we observe are premised on mobilization of external resources from actors in the industrialized world. We demonstrate that improved environmental performance of commodity production cannot be attributed to local resources, local dynamics, and local institutions. Our analysis also points to the limits of export of sustainability from rich nations to developing nation firms. Only a fraction of the industry participates in certification programs, and large segments of the population of firms are likely to remain unattractive and inaccessible to external resource providers. In this context, it appears that the state must define and enforce minimum environmental standards to progressively raise performance. 相似文献
105.
Different Approaches,Different Results in Small State Studies: Complementary Views on the Monarchy and Traditional Governance in Liechtenstein 下载免费PDF全文
Sebastian Wolf 《Swiss Political Science Review》2015,21(2):350-361
The research note comments on W. Veenendaal's article “A Big Prince in a Tiny Realm: Smallness, Monarchy, and Political Legitimacy in the Principality of Liechtenstein”. It is argued, inter alia, that the phenomenon of “princely self‐restraint” should not be underestimated in Liechtenstein's constitutional reality. The character of the microstate's actual political system strongly depends on the individual personality of the Reigning Prince . A strong monarch who acts as a political actor with his own agenda should not be conceptualized as a neutral traditional leader. From the perspective of many citizens of Liechtenstein, the principality's political system is legitimate since it combines traditional authority and legal‐rational authority in a unique way. Largely due to the powerful role of the government, the microstate is characterized by consensus‐oriented hierarchical governance. Elite surveys can be seen as a useful instrument to overcome some of the methodological pitfalls of the elite interview approach. 相似文献
106.
Natur und Recht - Nach der Zustimmung des Bundestages zum öffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrag zur Beendigung der Braunkohleverstromung und dessen Unterzeichnung am 10.2.2021 steht der Ausstieg aus... 相似文献
107.
108.
What is the current state of research on business improvement districts (BIDs)? What is an appropriate framework for analysis? What are key questions for advancing future BID research? BIDs can be understood best within a network governance framework. The research shows, first, a blurring of the line between the public and private spheres as a result of BIDs; second, BIDs are increasingly important actors in urban governance; third, BIDs engage in collaborative, conflictual, and co‐optative relations with local and state governments; and fourth, difficult accountability and management problems are created by their interdependent relationships with local governments. Future research needs to focus on understanding the role of BIDs in urban governance and assessing their impacts on metropolitan areas, as well as their inherently complicated public accountability and management challenges. 相似文献
109.
Rainer Wolf 《Natur und Recht》2008,19(1):311-319
Die Turbulenzen, die der geplante Bau der sog. “Waldschl?sschenbrücke” in Dresden
ausgel?st hat, haben inzwischen auch das lange Zeit als harmonisch betrachtete Verh?ltnis zwischen
v?lkerrechtlichen übereinkommen zum Schutz von Kulturgütern und ihrem Schutz durch nationales
Recht erreicht. Ihre Verbindlichkeit für die Praxis der beh?rdlichen Zulassungsentscheidungen
steht dabei ebenso in Frage, wie Regelungstauglichkeit des deutschen Rechts. Im Folgenden wird der Gegenstandsbereich
des Weltkulturv?lkerrechts umrissen (I.). Dabei wird auf die Welterbekonvention besonders eingegangen
(II.). Ihre Umsetzung in Deutschland wird dargestellt (III.) und nach ihren Defiziten gefragt (IV.). Abschlie?end
werden einige Schlussfolgerung zum ?nderungsbedarf entwickelt (V.). 相似文献
110.
Ministerialrat Prof. Dr. Hans Walter Louis Rechtsanwältin Verena A. Wolf 《Natur und Recht》2007,29(1):1-8
In der Bundesrepublik gibt es rund 8000 Anlagen, die der so genannten Seveso-II-Richtlinie – Richtlinie zur Beherrschung der
Gefahren bei schweren Unf?llen mit gef?hrlichen Stoffen (Seveso-II-RL) – und damit der nationalen St?rfall-Verordnung (St?rfallV)
unterliegen. Davon liegen, insbesondere in dicht besiedelten Regionen, zahlreiche Anlagen in unmittelbarer N?he zu anderen
Projekten, wie beispielsweise Flugh?fen oder Wohn- und Siedlungsgebieten. Inzwischen gibt es Empfehlungen für Abst?nde zwischen
Anlagen nach der St?rfallV und Wohngebieten. Der Beitrag stellt dar, wann diese Abst?nde einzuhalten sind und ob diese Regelungen
auf naturschutzfachlich schutzwürdige Bereiche übertragen werden k?nnen. 相似文献