The selection of endogenous genes in human postmortem tissues

Precisely determining the postmortem interval (PMI), which is crucial to criminal and forensic cases, is a research in which quantitative RT-PCR (also known as qRT-PCR or real-time RT-PCR) has been used to analyse gene expression levels and data normalisation should be required to eliminate the differences among the samples. Therefore, it is quite necessary to find stable molecular biological markers in PMI determination research. In this study, we compared nine commonly used endogenous markers (containing ACTB, GAPDH, B2M, U6, 18S rRNA, hsa-mir-1, hsa-mir-9, hsa-mir-194-1 and hsa-mir-203) in the 109 human tissue samples obtained from autopsy at the aim of finding stable markers in human tissues with consideration of the impact of parameters (PMI and cause of death). After RNA was extracted from four tissues (heart, brain, kidney, skin), the Ct values of nine endogenous markers were obtained by qRT-PCR and assessed by geNorm software. The results showed that U6, GAPDH and 18S rRNA were the suitable markers in our set of samples in various corpse conditions, that B2M and ACTB were reliable internal controls in heart tissue only, and that microRNAs had such high M values that they should not be chosen for endogenous control genes.     

群体性事件中的流言心理研究

流言在群体性事件中往往起着推波助澜的作用。流言是在一定的条件中产生的,具有不同的类型。流言的散布者和接受者都有其独特的心理,这些特点使得流言能够与事件同步存在,而且在传播过程中具有似是而非的特点,对个人行为及社会造成一定的影响。因此在应对群体性事件中的流言时,需要在公开的环境中公布真相,使公众保持冷静和理性。     

Collaboration,confrontation, and controversy: the politics of monument restoration in Georgia and the case of Bagrati Cathedral

This paper examines the history of the restoration, or more accurately, reconstruction of Bagrati Cathedral in western Georgia. Constructed in 1003, Bagrati Cathedral is an important cultural monument in the political and architectural history of Georgia. Destroyed by an explosion in 1691, the cathedral was inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1994 in its ruined state. However, the Georgian government under President Mikheil Saakashvili and Georgian Orthodox Church (GOC) officials made the reconstruction and reconsecration of the cathedral a priority. The reconstruction of Bagrati Cathedral, completed in September 2012, brought the differing aims of Georgian politicians, GOC officials, and architectural historians – the major players in the process – into sharp focus. This paper maintains that the rebuilding of Bagrati Cathedral was part of Saakashvili’s political agenda, which merged with the interests of the GOC and worked against the objectives of architectural historians and the aims of academic principles of restoration and preservation. The result is that Bagrati has been rebuilt but is under threat of removal from the World Heritage List. The story of Bagrati’s reconstruction has implications for the future of monument preservation and restoration in Georgia.     

从“太阳花学运”看台湾民主

台湾自视为民主化的“灯塔”,但“太阳花学运”暴露出台湾民主存在诸多问题,引发广泛争议。争议中的共识是台湾民主出了问题,但也存在分歧,即究竟该对近三十年来的台湾民主化持什么态度,肯定、否定,抑或其他？分歧的产生与民主质量理论运用到台湾民主研究有关,民主质量的概念特性导致不同学者对其内涵的理解有所不同。有将其理解为狭义的“民主”的质量,包括竞争性选举、政党轮替等;也有将其理解为中义的“民主政治”的质量,包括法治、宪政、分权、人权等其他政治范畴;还有将其理解为广义的“民主政体”的质量,包括政治绩效、经济绩效、社会绩效等政治、经济和社会范畴。通过民主质量理论可知,台湾基本实现了巩固的民主,但尚未实现优质的民主。     

Forensic appraisal of death due to acute alcohol poisoning: three case reports and a literature review

Death due to acute alcohol poisoning lacks specific anatomical characteristics, compared with other deaths due to drug poisoning. We report three forensic cases of death from acute alcohol poisoning due to inhibition of the respiratory centre and eventual asphyxia. Blood alcohol concentrations in the three fatalities were 5.28, 3.33 and 3.78 mg/mL, respectively. Lethal doses and blood alcohol concentrations showed differences between individuals. Detailed auxiliary tests besides autopsy were undertaken. These cases show that forensic scientists should exclude other causes of death, combine the autopsy with auxiliary tests, and then make an appraisal.     

论非洲的集体人权观与第三代人权的确认

集体人权包括国内集体人权与国际集体人权两大类,它源于20世纪40-50年代开始的民族独立运动.对集体人权的确认,是全球性非殖民化运动的结果.非洲人民系统地提出了民族权的概念和内容,全面关注集体人权,尤其是对以发展权和自决权为核心的第三代人权的确认和发展作出了杰出贡献.其集体人权观主要体现在以<非洲人权和民族权宪章>为主体的非洲人权法中.     

简论警察诱捕战斗中的战术心理战

警察诱捕战斗的过程是一场心理较量的过程.了解和掌握诱捕战斗中战斗对象的心理特征对于恰当地采取战术方法具有积极意义.     

毛泽东的军事顾问——郭化若

在黄埔学子中,蒋介石有意留他为自己的秘书,而这位黄埔四期的高材生,最终还是选择了革命道路,成为毛泽东的军事参谋。他就是郭化若将军。郭化若自1929年任红四军参谋处长到红一方面军代参谋长兼总前委秘书,从军委一局局长到毛泽东的军事教育顾问,断断续续地在毛泽东身边工作了12年,     

劳动争议调解制度设计的本土资源和国际视野

劳动争议调解制度是我国解决劳动争议的一项重要制度,它是我国长期处理劳动争议实践经验的总结。适应协调劳动关系,发展和谐劳动关系的需要,应当立足于我国劳动争议调解制度的实践经验和本土资源,比较借鉴国外调解制度,改革和完善劳动争议调解制度,构筑多元化多层次的劳动争议调解格局,推进劳动争议调解制度的现代化。