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Inner-city birth rates following enactment of the Minnesota parental notification law 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An increase in birth rates to Minneapolis minors following the enactment of a parental notification law was examined. A well-publicized link between increasing birth rates and the law is shown to have been premature. Birth, abortion, and population data by age, race, and region suggest that the increasing birth rate in Minneapolis was not related to parental notification, but rather to a growing racial minority population.Preparation of this article was supported in part by an Aldeen Grant from Wheaton College. The authors wish to thank the Minnesota Center for Health Statistics, particularly James Wigginton and Carol Vargas, for their considerable work to provide birth, abortion, and population data in a form suitable for the current analysis. The authors also thank Americans United for Life for purchasing the data and providing them to the authors. 相似文献
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Amy R. Poteete 《管理》2003,16(4):527-557
Recent work in international studies and comparative politics scrutinizes the relative importance of ideas, interests, and institutions as sources of policy change. A growing body of scholarship identifies ideas as the main causal factors, influencing perceived interests as well as perceived policy options. Others contend that policies can best be understood as products of institutions. Neither explanation can account for both policy choice by politicians and the implementation strategies of administrators. In Botswana, the use of professional criteria for hiring and advancement encourages adherence to international professional norms within the bureaucracy, but electoral competition gives politicians more reason to be attentive to local political concerns. The institutions that define relations of authority among actors with different motivations shape the outcomes of policy choice and implementation. Institutions influence the attentiveness of policy-makers to ideas when making decisions, the degree of attention particular policy-makers give to ideas from particular sources, and the degree of acceptance that ideas must achieve to affect policy. Better evaluations of political development can be achieved through attentiveness to the mix of actors involved in policy decisions, the diversity of institutions and ideas that affect their policy preferences, and the relations of authority that shape their relative influence over policy choice and implementation. 相似文献
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Danielle H. Dallaire David A. Cole Thomas M. Smith Jeffrey A. Ciesla Beth LaGrange Farrah M. Jacquez Ashley Q. Pineda Alanna E. Truss Amy S. Folmer 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(7):830-846
Community, demographic, familial, and personal risk factors of childhood depressive symptoms were examined from an ecological
theoretical approach using hierarchical linear modeling. Individual-level data were collected from an ethnically diverse (73%
African-American) community sample of 197 children and their parents; community-level data were obtained from the U.S. Census
regarding rates of community poverty and unemployment in participants’ neighborhoods. Results indicated that high rates of
community poverty and unemployment, children’s depressive attributional style, and low levels of self-perceived competence
predict children’s depressive symptoms, even after accounting for demographic and familial risk factors, such as parental
education and negative parenting behaviors. The effect of negative parenting behaviors on depressive symptoms was partially
mediated by personal variables like children’s self-perceived competence. Recommendations for future research, intervention
and prevention programs are discussed.
Dr. Danielle H. Dallaire is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at The College of William and Mary. She received her Ph.D. from Temple University in 2003. Her major research interests include children’s social and emotional development and promoting resiliency in children and families in high risk environments, particularly children and families dealing with parental incarceration. Dr. David A. Cole is a Professor in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. He received his Ph.D. from The University of Houston in 1983. His major research interests center around developmental psychopathology in general and childhood depression in particular. Dr. Thomas M. Smith is an Assistant Professor of Public Policy and Education at Vanderbilt University, Peabody College. He received his Ph.D. in 2000 from The Pennsylvania State University. Professor Smith’s current research agenda focuses on the organization of teaching quality, exploring relationships between educational policy (national, state, district, and school level), school organization, teacher commitment, and the quality of classroom instruction. Dr. Jeffrey A. Ciesla is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at Kent State University. He received his Ph.D. from The State University of New York at Buffalo in 2004. His major research interests include the effects of ruminative thought and stressful life events on depressive disorders. Beth LaGrange, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her current research interests include depression and the development of depressive cognitive style in children and adolescents. Dr. Farrah M. Jacquez is a Postdoctoral fellow in pediatric psychology at the Mailman Center for Child Development at the University of Miami. She received her Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University in 2006. Her major research interests include parenting in the context of poverty and developing community-based interventions for underserved children and families. Ashley Q. Pineda, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University and is currently completing her internship at the Children’s Hospital at Stanford University. Her major research interests include examining the reciprocal relations between parenting behaviors, depressive cognitions, and childhood depression. Alanna E. Truss, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her major research and clinical interests include developmental factors in internalizing disorders in children and adolescents and the effects of trauma on children and families. Amy S. Folmer is a graduate student in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. She received her B.A. from The University of Texas in 2003. Her major research interests include cognitive developmental factors that influence the applicability of adult cognitive models of depression to children. 相似文献
Danielle H. DallaireEmail: |
Dr. Danielle H. Dallaire is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at The College of William and Mary. She received her Ph.D. from Temple University in 2003. Her major research interests include children’s social and emotional development and promoting resiliency in children and families in high risk environments, particularly children and families dealing with parental incarceration. Dr. David A. Cole is a Professor in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. He received his Ph.D. from The University of Houston in 1983. His major research interests center around developmental psychopathology in general and childhood depression in particular. Dr. Thomas M. Smith is an Assistant Professor of Public Policy and Education at Vanderbilt University, Peabody College. He received his Ph.D. in 2000 from The Pennsylvania State University. Professor Smith’s current research agenda focuses on the organization of teaching quality, exploring relationships between educational policy (national, state, district, and school level), school organization, teacher commitment, and the quality of classroom instruction. Dr. Jeffrey A. Ciesla is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at Kent State University. He received his Ph.D. from The State University of New York at Buffalo in 2004. His major research interests include the effects of ruminative thought and stressful life events on depressive disorders. Beth LaGrange, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her current research interests include depression and the development of depressive cognitive style in children and adolescents. Dr. Farrah M. Jacquez is a Postdoctoral fellow in pediatric psychology at the Mailman Center for Child Development at the University of Miami. She received her Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University in 2006. Her major research interests include parenting in the context of poverty and developing community-based interventions for underserved children and families. Ashley Q. Pineda, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University and is currently completing her internship at the Children’s Hospital at Stanford University. Her major research interests include examining the reciprocal relations between parenting behaviors, depressive cognitions, and childhood depression. Alanna E. Truss, M.S., is a Doctoral candidate in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. Her major research and clinical interests include developmental factors in internalizing disorders in children and adolescents and the effects of trauma on children and families. Amy S. Folmer is a graduate student in the Department of Psychology and Human Development at Vanderbilt University. She received her B.A. from The University of Texas in 2003. Her major research interests include cognitive developmental factors that influence the applicability of adult cognitive models of depression to children. 相似文献
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The present study examines how exposure to relational aggression at school is associated with adolescents’ perceptions of,
and participation in, a hostile school environment. Participants were 1,335 African American and European American adolescents
in grades 7 through 12 (52% female, 49% African American). Results indicate that exposure to relational aggression is associated
with several components of adolescents’ perceptions of the school climate. Adolescents exposed to high levels of relational
aggression perceived their school to be less safe, and were less pleased with the general social atmosphere at school. Moreover,
for males, but not females, exposure to relational aggression was associated with carrying a weapon to school. Implications
and suggestions for future research are discussed in terms of working toward safer school environments for adolescents.
Sara Goldstein is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Family and Child Studies at Montclair State University. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from Bowling Green State University. Her major research interests include peer relationships, aggression, and gender. Amy Young is an Assistant Research Scientist at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Michigan. Major research interests include gender, sexual assault, substance use, and developmental psychopathology. Carol Boyd is a Professor of Nursing and a Professor of Women’s Studies and is Director of the Institute for Research on women and Gender at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She received her PhD, in Nursing (cognate Anthropology). Her major research interests include gender and substance abuse. 相似文献
Sara E. GoldsteinEmail: |
Sara Goldstein is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Family and Child Studies at Montclair State University. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from Bowling Green State University. Her major research interests include peer relationships, aggression, and gender. Amy Young is an Assistant Research Scientist at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan. She received her Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Michigan. Major research interests include gender, sexual assault, substance use, and developmental psychopathology. Carol Boyd is a Professor of Nursing and a Professor of Women’s Studies and is Director of the Institute for Research on women and Gender at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She received her PhD, in Nursing (cognate Anthropology). Her major research interests include gender and substance abuse. 相似文献
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Jarman Hannah K. Marques Mathew D. McLean Siân A. Slater Amy Paxton Susan J. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(12):2279-2293
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Adolescents are spending considerable time on social media, yet it is unclear whether motivations for social media use drive different forms of social media... 相似文献