Australian‐Asian Sociability,Student Activism,and the University Challenge to White Australia in the 1950s

During the 1950s, staff, students and graduates of Australian universities were increasingly critical of the racial restrictions on immigration, and their activism contributed to a broader government and community reassessment of the White Australia Policy. Personal experiences of cross‐cultural interactions between Australian students and an increasing number of international students from Asia, including those sponsored by the Australian government's Colombo Plan, underpinned the university challenge to immigration policy. Tertiary curriculum offering new academic interpretations of Asian history and decolonisation also contributed to a growing awareness among university‐educated Australians of Asia, and fostered empathy for its peoples. The publications of the Immigration Reform Group extended this critique of White Australia, and were driven by a moral indignation towards a policy that affected individuals personally known to the critics.     

Are Discrimination and Social Capital Related to Housing Instability?

Existing studies examining social capital and housing instability have overlooked structural factors such as discrimination, providing an incomplete explanation of the relationship between social capital and housing instability. This study addresses this limitation by exploring how discrimination and social capital are related to housing instability. This study is a secondary analysis of data collected during the Atlanta Neighborhood Pilot study. The sample consists of mostly African American adults who resided in the Atlanta metropolitan area in 2013 (n = 691). After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, residential mobility, and public assistance, stepwise logistic regression identified social capital and discrimination as significant predictors of housing instability. Lower social capital and higher everyday discrimination scores were associated with increased odds for housing instability. Individuals 35 or older, those with annual incomes between $25,000 and $50,000, and those who reported receiving public assistance during their lifetime also had increased odds for housing instability. Findings identify characteristics of individuals vulnerable to housing instability and suggest that social capital development as a housing intervention warrants further exploration. These findings can be utilized by policymakers and practitioners to better target funding and to create efficient systems better equipped to deploy early homelessness prevention interventions.     

One-Year Follow-Up of Suicidal Adolescents: Parental History of Mental Health Problems and Time to Post-Hospitalization Attempt

This longitudinal study of recently hospitalized suicidal youth examined parental mental health history in addition to several indices of adolescent functioning as risk factors for time-to-suicide attempt over a 1-year period. Participants were 352 adolescents (253 girls, 99 boys; ages 13–17 years) who participated in self-report and interview assessments within 1 week of hospitalization and 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months post-hospitalization. Multivariable proportional hazards regression modeled time-to-suicide attempt. Results indicate that adolescents were almost twice as likely to make a suicide attempt if they had at least one biological parent with mental health problems. Risk was also increased for adolescents with baseline histories of multiple previous suicide attempts, more severe suicidal ideation and more severe functional impairment. Findings suggest the need to consider the family system when intervening with suicidal youth.     

The 1915 Locust Attack in Syria and Palestine and its Role in the Famine During the First World War

The famine that befell Syria during the First World War was among the most tragic events in the region's modern history. The article argues that the 1915 locust attack, which is often neglected altogether or given terse treatment as one among a laundry list of causes of the famine, was a critical factor which drove many across the region, especially in Lebanon and Palestine, to starvation beginning in late 1915. Given that the scale of the attack was far worse than anything Syria had witnessed in many decades, if not centuries; and that a huge percentage of the region's major foodstuffs and sources of livelihood, including fruits, vegetables, legumes, fodder and a small but not insignificant amount of cereals, were devoured by the locusts, it is suggested that many of the 100,00–200,000 people that died from starvation or starvation-related diseases in the year immediately following the attack – that is, from November 1915 to November 1916 – can be attributed to the locust invasion.     

Why teens do not benefit from work experience programs: Evidence from brother comparisons

Social scientists' research on the consequences of teenage employment suggests that government programs providing teenagers with work experience should have worked better than they have. One explanation is that the government failed to deliver an otherwise effective treatment. This article considers three alternative explanations. The first is that the apparent benefits of working during the teenage years are illusory, reflecting only unmeasured differences between teens who do and do not work. A second explanation is that the groups targeted by government programs, the disadvantaged, benefit less from working as teenagers. A third explanation asserts that program participants and working teens experience different benefits because they have different employment experiences. Using information on brother pairs, this article examines these issues. It determines that conventional analyses of the returns to teenage employment greatly overstate the benefits poor minority teenagers receive from working. Our results suggest that the mixed success of previous programs is not primarily due to poor implementation or government involvement per se. Rather, these programs have had limited success because, for those teenagers targeted, work experience during the teenage years does not raise future earnings.     

Recent legal developments European law

EMPLOYMENT LAW HANDBOOK: AN ADVISOR'S HANDBOOK By TAMARA LEWIS [Legal Action Group, 2005, 6th ed., 739 pp., £28.00 (paperback)]

EMPLOYMENT TRIBUNAL CLAIMS: TACTICS AND PRECEDENTS By NAOMI CUNNINGHAM [Legal Action Group, 2005, 396 pp., £25.00 (paperback)]

DISCRIMINATION LAW: TEXT, CASES AND MATERIALS By AILEEN MCCOLGAN [Hart Publishing, 2005. 2nd edn., 757 pp., £25 (paperback)]

FAMILY LAW AND FAMILY VALUES Edited By MAVIS MACLEAN [Hart Publishing, 2005, 342 pp., £22.00 (paperback)]

TRUSTS AND EQUITY By NIGEL STOCKWELL and RICHARD EDWARDS [Pearson Longman, 2005, 7th edn., 556 pp., £29.99 (paperback)]

HAYTON AND MARSHALL: CASES AND COMMENTARY ON THE LAW OF TRUSTS AND EQUITABLE REMEDIES By DAVID HAYTON and CHARLES MITCHELL [Sweet &; Maxwell, 2005, 12th edn., 985 pp., £32.95 (paperback)]

MODERN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW By CATHERINE COLSTON and KIRSTY MIDDLETON [Cavendish Publishing Ltd., 2005, 2nd ed., 808 pp., £35.95 (paperback)]

INSURANCE LAW: DOCTRINE AND PRINCIPLES By JOHN DOWRY and PHILIP RAWLINGS [Hart Publishing, 2005, 2nd edn, 447 pp., £25.00 (paperback)]

MASON &; MCCALL SMITH'S LAW AND MEDICAL ETHICS Edited By KENYON MASON and GRAEME LAURIE [Oxford University Press, 2005, 7th ed., 774 pp., £21.99 (paperback)]

LEGAL CONUNDRUMS IN OUR BRAVE NEW WORLD By BARONESS HELENA KENNEDY QC [Sweet and Maxwell, 2004, 57 pp., £17.95 (paperback)]

CRIMINAL LAW By CATHERINE ELLIOTT and FRANCES QUINN [Pearson Education, 2006, 6th ed. xxvi + 420 pp., £22.99 (paperback)]

DRUGS, ADDICTION AND THE LAW By LEONARD JASON‐LLOYD [ELM Publications, 10th ed., 232 pp., £29.95 (loose‐leaf with updating service)]

THE VIOLENT WORKPLACE By P. A. J. WADDINGTON, DOUG BADGER and RAY BULL [Willan Publishing, 2006, xii + 204 pp., £25.00 (hardback)]

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW By J. THORNTON and S. BECKWITH [Sweet and Maxwell, 2004, 2nd ed., 447 pp., £24.95 (paperback)]