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101.
Before allowing child witnesses to testify, courts routinely require children to describe what would happen to them if they lied. However, young children often refuse to reason hypothetically if they view the premises as implausible or undesirable, and might be more willing to discuss the consequences of lying if they are asked about another child rather than themselves. On the other hand, children might view themselves as invulnerable to punishment, and therefore believe that whereas other children will be punished for lying, they will not be. In this study, 64 maltreated 5- and 6-year-old children were asked to describe the consequences of lying to three professionals (a judge, a social worker, and a doctor). Participants in the self condition were asked what would happen to them if they lied, whereas participants in the other condition were asked to describe what would happen to a story child if he or she lied. Asking children about other children increased responsiveness, and did not reveal perceptions of invulnerability. The results suggest that young children's understanding that they will be punished for lying may make them reluctant to discuss the consequences of lying, leading to underestimation of their oath-taking competency. 相似文献
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Goodrum Nada M. Armistead Lisa P. Masyn Katherine Schulte Marya Murphy Debra A. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2021,50(8):1663-1678
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Mothers living with HIV (MLH) face unique stressors impacting parenting, parenting stress, and child psychosocial functioning, but longitudinal, bidirectional... 相似文献
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Do people realize the danger of asking misinformed children yes–no questions? Study 1 confirmed that disclosures children made during free recall in an earlier suggestibility study were more accurate than disclosures following “yes” responses to yes–no questions, which in turn were more accurate than disclosures following “no” responses. In Studies 2 and 3, college students watched interviews of children and judged the veracity of these three disclosure patterns. Participants generally believed false reports representing the first two patterns, although watching expert testimony that included a videotaped example of a false report reduced trust in prompted disclosures. Results document the need to inform forensic decision-makers about the circumstances associated with erroneous responses to yes–no questions. 相似文献
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Benjamin G. Shapero George McClung Debra A. Bangasser Lyn Y. Abramson Lauren B. Alloy 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2017,46(1):91-103
Major Depressive Disorder is a common mental illness with rates increasing during adolescence. This has led researchers to examine developmental antecedents of depression. This study examined the association between depressive symptoms and the interaction between two empirically supported risk factors for depression: poor recovery of the biological stress system as measured through heart rate and cortisol, and cognitive vulnerabilities as indexed by rumination and a negative cognitive style. Adolescents (n = 127; 49 % female) completed questionnaires and a social stress task to elicit a stress response measured with neuroendocrine (cortisol) and autonomic nervous system (heart rate) endpoints. The findings indicated that higher depressive symptoms were associated with the combination of higher cognitive vulnerabilities and lower cortisol and heart rate recovery. These findings can enhance our understanding of stress responses, lead to personalized treatment, and provide a nuanced understanding of depression in adolescence. 相似文献
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Using newly available U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) administrative data linked with National Health Interview Survey data, this study estimates the prevalence of disability among HUD-assisted adults and examines health disparities for this population. The linked data suggest a much higher prevalence of disability among HUD-assisted adults than previously suggested by HUD administrative data. Controlling for individual characteristics and HUD program type, assisted-housing residents who have disabilities experienced higher rates of self-reported fair or poor health, asthma, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and cigarette smoking. Adults with disabilities had more frequent use of emergency rooms and increased concerns with affording the necessary health care. HUD-assisted adult residents with disabilities were more likely than residents without disabilities to be connected to the health-care system, having higher rates of insurance coverage and more frequent contact with specialists, general doctors, and mental health-care providers. Policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
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Julie J. Blais Wendy M. Craig Debra Pepler Jennifer Connolly 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(5):522-536
The purpose of this study was to determine whether using the Internet for different activities affects the quality of close
adolescent relationships (i.e., best friendships and romantic relationships). In a one-year longitudinal study of 884 adolescents
(Mean age = 15, 46% male), we examined whether visiting chat rooms, using ICQ, using the Internet for general entertainment,
or participating in online gaming predicted changes in the quality of best friendships and romantic relationships. Multiple
regression analyses indicated that Internet activity choice influenced later relationship quality in both best friendships
and romantic relationships. Using instant messaging (ICQ) was positively associated with most aspects of romantic relationship
and best friendship quality. In contrast, visiting chat rooms was negatively related to best friendship quality. Using the
Internet to play games and for general entertainment predicted decreases in relationship quality with best friends and with
romantic partners. These findings reflect the important and complex functions of online socialization for the development
and maintenance of relationships in adolescence.
Julie J. Blais is a Doctoral Candidate in Clinical Psychology at Queen’s University. Her research interests include bullying, the Internet, and relationship formation and maintenance in adolescence and young adulthood. Wendy M. Craig is a Professor in the Department of Psychology at Queen’s University. In recognition of her work on bullying and victimization, She won an Investigator Award from the Canadian Institute of Health Research. Dr. Craig has published widely on topics of bullying and victimization, peer processes, sexual harassment and aggression in girls. As a Canadian representative, Dr. Craig works with the World Health Organization and UNICEF conducting research and promoting healthy relationships. Dr. Craig is leading Promoting Relationships and Eliminating Violence Network (PREVNet), a national strategy to stop bullying in Canada. Debra Pepler is a Distinguished Research Professor in Psychology at York University and a Senior Associate Scientist at The Hospital for Sick Children. Together with Dr. Wendy Craig, Dr. Pepler is leading Promoting Relationships and Eliminating Violence Network (PREVNet), a Networks of Centres of Excellence—New Initiative (). Her major research program examines the prosocial and antisocial behaviour of children and adolescents, particularly in the school and peer contexts. The seminal aspect of this research comprised naturalistic observations of interactions among school-aged peers with remote microphones and video cameras. Her current research in this area examines aggression and victimization among adolescents with a focus on relationship problems and solutions. Jennifer Connolly is a Professor of Clinical-Developmental Psychology at York University and is the Director of the LaMarsh Centre for Research on Violence and Conflict Resolution. Her research examines social development in adolescence, and especially romantic relationships. Her goals are to identify the attributes of successful relationships as well as those of conflictual or aggressive relationships. 相似文献
Wendy M. CraigEmail: |
Julie J. Blais is a Doctoral Candidate in Clinical Psychology at Queen’s University. Her research interests include bullying, the Internet, and relationship formation and maintenance in adolescence and young adulthood. Wendy M. Craig is a Professor in the Department of Psychology at Queen’s University. In recognition of her work on bullying and victimization, She won an Investigator Award from the Canadian Institute of Health Research. Dr. Craig has published widely on topics of bullying and victimization, peer processes, sexual harassment and aggression in girls. As a Canadian representative, Dr. Craig works with the World Health Organization and UNICEF conducting research and promoting healthy relationships. Dr. Craig is leading Promoting Relationships and Eliminating Violence Network (PREVNet), a national strategy to stop bullying in Canada. Debra Pepler is a Distinguished Research Professor in Psychology at York University and a Senior Associate Scientist at The Hospital for Sick Children. Together with Dr. Wendy Craig, Dr. Pepler is leading Promoting Relationships and Eliminating Violence Network (PREVNet), a Networks of Centres of Excellence—New Initiative (). Her major research program examines the prosocial and antisocial behaviour of children and adolescents, particularly in the school and peer contexts. The seminal aspect of this research comprised naturalistic observations of interactions among school-aged peers with remote microphones and video cameras. Her current research in this area examines aggression and victimization among adolescents with a focus on relationship problems and solutions. Jennifer Connolly is a Professor of Clinical-Developmental Psychology at York University and is the Director of the LaMarsh Centre for Research on Violence and Conflict Resolution. Her research examines social development in adolescence, and especially romantic relationships. Her goals are to identify the attributes of successful relationships as well as those of conflictual or aggressive relationships. 相似文献
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