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141.
Debra A. Murphy Mary-Lynn Brecht Diane M. Herbeck David Huang 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(9):1226-1239
This study utilized data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to investigate youth risk trajectories for HIV and
factors associated with different trajectories. The sample (N = 8,208) was 49.2% female, with a mean age of 14.31 (SD = 1.48). A group-based trajectory model was applied, which identified four distinct trajectories for both males and females:
(1) consistently higher sexual risk levels, increasing to early adulthood followed by some decrease (“high”); (2) a short
period of increase to late teens, followed by a longer period of decrease (“decreased”); (3) an initially slow increase, with
the increase accelerating by late teens, and a slight decline beginning in early adulthood (“increased”); and (4) consistently
lowest levels of sexual risk (“low”). More African Americans were found among the decreased trajectory group; among the low
risk group a higher number of youth came from families with parents who spoke a language other than English. The high-risk
group had a higher percentage of subjects in non-metropolitan areas and highest alcohol use. Among males, being employed and
being in the military were associated with inclusion in the high-risk group. Results have implications for specializing prevention
strategies for youth with different patterns of sexual risk.
相似文献
Debra A. MurphyEmail: |
142.
A Closer Look at Peer Discrimination,Ethnic Identity,and Psychological Well-being Among Urban Chinese American Sixth Graders 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Recent research suggests that although ethnic discrimination may have negative consequences for psychological well-being among
youth of Chinese descent as it does for other ethnic groups, ethnic identity beliefs may buffer against such effects. Data
for this study were drawn from the Early Adolescent Cohort Study, an investigation of contextual influences on the social,
emotional, and academic adjustment of youth in ethnically diverse New York City middle schools. The present study sample consists
of Chinese American (n = 84) and African American (n = 119) sixth graders. Results suggest that Chinese American youths’ own positive affect toward their ethnic group (private
regard) was positively associated with higher self-esteem. In addition, the more favorably Chinese American youth perceived
that others view their group (public regard), the fewer depressive symptoms they reported. In addition, among Chinese American
youth, more favorable public regard attenuated the negative relationship between peer ethnic discrimination and depressive
symptoms. The implications of these findings are discussed in light of the commonalities among ethnic and racial minority
groups’ experiences of discrimination as well as the unique challenges that Chinese American youth face.
Deborah Rivas-Drake is an Assistant Professor of Education at Brown University. She received her Ph.D. in Education and Psychology from the University of Michigan. Her major research interests include the development of ethnic identity in adolescence and its implications for academic and psychological well-being. Diane Hughes is an Associate Professor of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University. She is a co-Principal Investigator of the NYU Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education. Niobe Way is a Professor of Applied Psychology, New York University. She is a co-Principal Investigator of the NYU Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education. 相似文献
Deborah Rivas-DrakeEmail: |
Deborah Rivas-Drake is an Assistant Professor of Education at Brown University. She received her Ph.D. in Education and Psychology from the University of Michigan. Her major research interests include the development of ethnic identity in adolescence and its implications for academic and psychological well-being. Diane Hughes is an Associate Professor of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University. She is a co-Principal Investigator of the NYU Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education. Niobe Way is a Professor of Applied Psychology, New York University. She is a co-Principal Investigator of the NYU Center for Research on Culture, Development, and Education. 相似文献
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146.
Treating depression in adolescence: A review of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral treatments
Diane Marcotte 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1997,26(3):273-283
The literature of the last decade reveals a renewed interest in treating adolescent depression. Several treatments have been proposed that are derived from adult models, but few studies have evaluated their efficiency. Those that have been done, have typically used a cognitive-behavioral approach. This article reviews studies published from 1980 to 1994 on the efficacy of these programs. Groups of 6–10 adolescents were treated in these programs. Some programs also included treatment for parents. Treatments were multimodal, utilizing intervention strategies from cognitive and/or behavioral models of depression. Treatment components included relaxation, cognitive restructuring, self-control skills, and communication and problem-solving skills. Studies were most often done in school settings but only rarely in a clinical milieux. Depression measures included self-report questionnaires and semistructured interviews. Results suggest that short-term group cognitive-behavioral interventions are effective with early and late adolescents. Futhermore, depressive symptoms remained improved at follow-up. No single strategy, however, seemed to be clearly more effective than the others.Financial support for this work was provided by the Fonds institutionnel de recherche of the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. 相似文献
147.
Susan J. Popkin Diane K. Levy Laura E. Harris Jennifer Comey Mary K. Cunningham Larry F. Buron 《Housing Policy Debate》2013,23(2):385-414
Abstract During the 1990s, the federal government dramatically changed its policy on housing the poor. Under the HOPE VI (Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere) Program, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development intended to address the concentration of troubled low‐income households in public housing by moving away from its reliance on project‐based assistance and promoting instead the construction of mixed‐income housing and the use of housing subsidies. This article presents important evidence from two systematic, multicity studies on how the original residents of HOPE VI developments have been affected by this radical new approach to public housing. While many residents have clearly benefited, the findings raise critical questions about whether the transformation of public housing will achieve its potential as a powerful force for improving the lives of low‐income families. 相似文献
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149.
Diane Reay 《The Political quarterly》2020,91(2):405-412
This article deploys insights from Michael Young’s 1958 satire The Rise of the Meritocracy to challenge the dominant ideology of meritocracy in contemporary British society. It draws on ethnographic research in schools over a twenty-five year period to illustrate the damage the illusion of meritocracy inflicts on children and young people, but particularly those from working class backgrounds. It argues that the consequences of the pretence of meritocracy are to be found in everyday practices of testing, hyper-competition and setting, and beyond the classroom in the designation of predominantly working class schools as ‘rubbish schools for rubbish learners’. It concludes that, beyond the negative consequences for working class learners, there are wider consequences for British society, exacerbating social divisions and encouraging the growth of distrust, prejudice, envy, resentment, and contempt between different social groups. 相似文献
150.
Diane May 《German politics》2013,22(2):282-284