全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15483篇 |
免费 | 257篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 570篇 |
工人农民 | 1279篇 |
世界政治 | 753篇 |
外交国际关系 | 556篇 |
法律 | 8916篇 |
中国政治 | 52篇 |
政治理论 | 3538篇 |
综合类 | 76篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 105篇 |
2019年 | 120篇 |
2018年 | 1407篇 |
2017年 | 1338篇 |
2016年 | 1172篇 |
2015年 | 189篇 |
2014年 | 160篇 |
2013年 | 857篇 |
2012年 | 348篇 |
2011年 | 1067篇 |
2010年 | 1156篇 |
2009年 | 740篇 |
2008年 | 894篇 |
2007年 | 867篇 |
2006年 | 210篇 |
2005年 | 250篇 |
2004年 | 331篇 |
2003年 | 327篇 |
2002年 | 195篇 |
2001年 | 231篇 |
2000年 | 196篇 |
1999年 | 170篇 |
1998年 | 120篇 |
1997年 | 111篇 |
1996年 | 93篇 |
1995年 | 111篇 |
1994年 | 103篇 |
1993年 | 88篇 |
1992年 | 125篇 |
1991年 | 154篇 |
1990年 | 132篇 |
1989年 | 148篇 |
1988年 | 138篇 |
1987年 | 152篇 |
1986年 | 142篇 |
1985年 | 150篇 |
1984年 | 146篇 |
1983年 | 145篇 |
1982年 | 110篇 |
1981年 | 102篇 |
1980年 | 91篇 |
1979年 | 102篇 |
1978年 | 83篇 |
1977年 | 74篇 |
1976年 | 68篇 |
1975年 | 62篇 |
1974年 | 69篇 |
1973年 | 67篇 |
1972年 | 56篇 |
1969年 | 56篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
This paper examines the value of an alternative approach to SSR policy, namely a multi-layered one in post-conflict and fragile state environments. It begins by arguing that there is a state-centric bias in current SSR policy and practice. This contradicts development principles of a ‘people-centred, locally owned’ approach in post-conflict and fragile state contexts. The SSR's state-centric approach rests upon two fallacies: that the post-conflict and fragile state is capable of delivering justice and security; and that it is the main actor in security and justice. The paper goes on to present the outline of a multi-layered strategy. This addresses the issue of who is actually providing justice and security in post-conflict and fragile states. The paper continues by describing the accountability mechanisms that could be pursued by SSR programmes in support of this approach. The conclusion is that the advantage of the multi-layered approach is that it is based not on the state's capacity, but on the quality and efficacy of the services received by the end user, regardless of who delivers that service. 相似文献
22.
23.
The rare event of a corpse immersed in glacier ice becoming exposed on a glacier surface is closely connected with the glaciological conditions at the scene and the site of the accident. Provided that the time since death is known, certain questions relative to the circumstances of a mountain accident can only be answered by considering glaciological aspects. How the scene of an accident can be reconstructed by inference from the site of discovery is discussed by means of three exemplary cases that occurred on Tyrolean glaciers (Austria) during the past 40 years: (1) Two corpses were discovered close above the equilibrium line in the accumulation area after 25 years. The two victims had fallen down a rock face after the breaking off of a cornice and had come to rest in the uppermost part of the accumulation area. (2) A victim was discovered in the lower ablation area 8 years after falling down a crevasse in the middle part of the ablation area. (3) A female alpinist was discovered at the very end of the glacier after 29 years; it was concluded that the accident must have happened in the accumulation area. 相似文献
24.
Eric T. Schluessel 《Central Asian Survey》2007,26(2):251-277
Efforts to promote and impose Mandarin Chinese as the language of instruction in ethnic minority schools in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, aimed at further integrating the state and raising regional educational and economic quality, have had mixed success. The 2004 plan to consolidate Han Chinese and minority elementary and middle schools and to make Mandarin the universal language of instruction in those schools is fostering an immersive second-language environment without prior preparation for students, bringing native speakers of Mandarin into unfair competition with non-native speakers. The increased focus on Mandarin has already had grave consequences for ethnic relations, especially in urban Uyghur schools, where the project is focused, while the mandate for change in educational curriculum and methodology has also been poorly planned and remains under-resourced, negatively impacting educational quality. The Chinese government has available to it other language policy solutions that are both more workable and friendlier to minority sensibilities. 相似文献
25.
Fukunari Kimura 《Asia Europe Journal》2003,1(2):197-211
East Asia, including Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia, has developed tightly-linked production/distribution networks through
globalizing corporate activities. The vertical chain of production in East Asia has been even more sophisticated than economic
integration in East Europe or Latin America. However, the political environment of East Asia for trade and investment has
been far from borderless. The integration effort at the policy level has been very much limited so far, due to the historical
background as well as geopolitics surrounding East Asia.
The Asian currency/financial crisis provided these countries a historical turning point. After the burst of the crisis, East
Asians realized that they have to take care of themselves in their difficulties, not depending on outside forces. A natural
choice for them was to step into the realm of regionalism. In 1998, Japan and Korea officially announced that they would discard
the long-lasting GATT/WTO-only approach and adapt the multi-layered approach, including both regionalism and multilateralism.
The ultimate goal of regionalism would be a region-wide integration including ASEAN+3. As a steppingstone, Japan signed the
Japan-Singapore Economic Partnership Agreement (JSEPA) in January 2002. In a parallel move, the ASEAN and China Leaders announced
in November 2001 the establishment of an ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) within 10 years.
This article will follow up the most recent advancement of regional institutional building in East Asia with the emphasis
on peculiar characteristics of economic integration in the region and discuss its implications for Asia-Europe relations.
This paper is heavily drawn from Kimura (2002, 2003). 相似文献
26.
Henk Elffers Jan W. de Keijser Peter J. van Koppen Laurien van Haeringen 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2007,3(2):163-182
This article reports on a field experiment on the effect of media information on people’s attitudes towards the justice system.
For the duration of a year a Dutch local newspaper took small groups of readers, called ‘newspaper jurors’, to court sessions
of criminal cases and subsequently reported on their experiences and perceptions. Using a quasi-experimental design, we examined
whether an attitude change in the general reader population of this particular local newspaper occurred as a result of the
jury’s newspaper reports. Findings show that, after the treatment interval of 1 year, no attitude change in the general reader
population could be identified that was absent in the control group. 相似文献
27.
This paper links the policy context regarding S&T parks to the objectives and characteristics of the established parks and
incubators in a relatively small, converging European country. S&T parks and incubators in Greece during the past decade and
a half have gradually shifted in terms of ownership and management from university/research institute to the private sector
and in terms of financing from public to private funds, also involving the provision of seed capital and access to venture
capital. This gradual shift toward more private engagement has created a variety of models out of which, it is hoped, successful
innovative companies will emerge in larger numbers than in the past.
相似文献
相似文献
28.
29.
This paper reviews the existing literature on consumer credit reporting, the most extensively used instrument to overcome
information asymmetry and adverse selection problems in credit markets. Despite the copious literature in economics and some
research in regulatory policy, the legal community has paid almost no attention to the legal framework of consumer credit
information systems, specially within the context of the European Union. Studies on the topic, however, seem particularly
relevant in view of the establishment of a single market for consumer credit. This article ultimately calls for further legal
research to address consumer protection concerns and inform future legislation.
相似文献
30.
Fabio Domanico 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2007,23(3):199-221
This article offers an analysis of the European airline industry in order to understand the new dynamics of the competitive
field. The liberalization process did not lead the entrance of competitors similar to incumbents, but a new organizational
model has been developed, the one of low cost carriers. The incumbents’ reaction to the liberalization process coupled with
the entrance of low cost companies into the sector are hence considered. Two theories are analysed: the contestable markets
theory, to understand the theoretical vision that has influenced the liberalization process, and the core theory, a modern
approach to the concept of destructive competition that, according to some authors, is a recurring problem in the sector.
While numerous barriers to entry still exist, the paper examines how the organizational model of low cost companies has helped
new entrants to overtake these obstacles. By the same token, the application of the core theory does not seem to justify strategic
alliances taking place in these years. The competitive framework is definitely clearer if we analyse sector changes in a different
way, from the point of view of low cost companies considered as new market actors. 相似文献