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151.
Harsh Discipline and Child Problem Behaviors: The Roles of Positive Parenting and Gender 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Laura McKee Erin Roland Nicole Coffelt Ardis L. Olson Rex Forehand Christina Massari Deborah Jones Cecelia A. Gaffney Michael S. Zens 《Journal of family violence》2007,22(4):187-196
This study examined harsh verbal and physical discipline and child problem behaviors in a community sample of 2,582 parents
and their fifth and sixth grade children. Participants were recruited from pediatric practices, and both parents and children
completed questionnaire packets. The findings indicated that boys received more harsh verbal and physical discipline than
girls, with fathers utilizing more harsh physical discipline with boys than did mothers. Both types of harsh discipline were
associated with child behavior problems uniquely after positive parenting was taken into account. Child gender did not moderate
the findings, but one dimension of positive parenting (i.e., parental warmth) served to buffer children from the detrimental
influences of harsh physical discipline. The implications of the findings for intervention programs are discussed.
This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. 相似文献
152.
153.
Erin C. Heil 《Critical Criminology》2010,18(2):77-93
Throughout Brazil, landless resisters are being violently victimized at the discretion of large landowners. The main goals
of this article are to (1) Explain the historical and current conditions that have facilitated the violent oppression experienced
by the landless movement, (2) illustrate the mass violence experienced by the landless population, (3) provide a review of
the existing research regarding the relationship between land reform, violence, and state strength, (4) introduce a new explanation
of decentralized state power in relationship to the persistence of violence against the landless movement. I explore the Brazilian
landless movement through content analyses, fieldwork, and a review of existing data. The approach used to study and understand
the powers associated with the landless movement is unique to the existing literature of the Brazilian landless movement in
that it moves beyond advocacy towards a criminological and political analysis. 相似文献
154.
Charles T. Rohrer MD Angela M. Lager PhD Erin G. Brooks MD Vanessa L. Horner PhD 《Journal of forensic sciences》2023,68(6):2065-2075
Sudden unexplained death in the young poses a diagnostically challenging situation for practicing autopsy pathologists, especially in the absence of anatomic and toxicological findings. Postmortem genetic testing may identify pathogenic variants in the deceased of such cases, including those associated with arrhythmogenic channelopathies and cardiomyopathies. The Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene (WSLH) is a state-run public health laboratory which performs postmortem genetic testing at no cost to Wisconsin medical examiners and coroners. The current study examines sequencing data from 18 deceased patients (ages 2 months to 49 years, 5 females) submitted to WSLH, from 2016 to 2021. Panel-based analysis was performed on 10 cases, and whole exome sequencing was performed on the most recent 8 cases. Genetic variants were identified in 14 of 18 decedents (77.8%), including 7 with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (38.9%). Whole exome sequencing was more likely to yield a positive result, more variants per decedent, and a larger number of variants of uncertain significance. While panel-based testing may offer definitive pathogenic variants in some cases, less frequent variants may be excluded. Whole exome testing may identify rare variants missed by panels, but increased yield of variants of uncertain significance may be difficult to interpret. Postmortem genetic testing in young decedents of sudden unexplained death can provide invaluable information to autopsy pathologists to establish accurate cause and manner of death and to decedent's relatives to allow appropriate management. A public health laboratory model may be a financially advisable alternative to commercial laboratories for medical examiner's/coroner's offices. 相似文献
155.
Sam Harper Erin C. Strumpf Scott Burris George Davey Smith John Lynch 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2014,33(1):141-161
We investigated the differential effect of mandatory seat belt laws on seat belt use among socioeconomic subgroups. We identified the differential effect of legislation across higher versus lower education individuals using a difference‐in‐differences model based on state variations in the timing of the passage of laws. We find strong effects of mandatory seat belt laws for all education groups, but the effect is stronger for those with fewer years of education. In addition, we find that the differential effect by education is larger for mandatory seat belt laws with primary rather than secondary enforcement. Our results imply that existing socioeconomic differences in seat belt use would be further mitigated if all states upgraded to primary enforcement. 相似文献
156.
157.
Brandon Bukovitz B.S. Jonathan Meiman M.D. Henry Anderson M.D. Erin G. Brooks M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(5):1389-1398
Despite well‐publicized sources of occupational hazard, silicosis continues to threaten industrial workers in the United States. We performed a retrospective search of the University of Wisconsin electronic pathology database to retrieve autopsy cases of silicosis and collaborated with the Wisconsin Department of Health Services to obtain statewide epidemiologic data regarding silicosis morbidity/mortality since 2003. Three silicosis autopsy cases were retrieved: all were men with ≥ 30 years of occupational crystalline silica exposure and similar histologic features of collagenous pulmonary nodules with admixed refractile particles. Overall, our state exceeds the national rate of silicosis‐related hospitalizations and mortality, that is, 10.1 hospitalizations per million WI residents versus 1.2 nationally and 1.2 deaths per million WI residents versus 0.4 nationally. Surveillance is crucial to identify emerging occupational hazards and protect workers. A diagnosis of silicosis must be carefully considered at autopsy since it carries substantial implications for worker's compensation, compensatory losses, and employer liability. 相似文献
158.
159.
Although researchers have identified individual-level predictors of nonphysical bullying among children and youth, school-level predictors (i.e., characteristics of the school environment that influence bullying exposure) remain largely unstudied. Using data from a survey of 1,838 students in 21 Boston public high schools, we used multilevel modeling techniques to estimate the level of variation across schools in student reports of nonphysical bully victimization and identify school-level predictors of bullying. We found significant between school variation in youth reports of nonphysical bullying, with estimates ranging from 25-58%. We tested school-level indicators of academic performance, emotional well-being, and school safety. After controlling for individual-level covariates and demographic controls, the percent of students in the school who met with a mental health counselor was significantly associated with bullying (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.06). There was no significant association between school-level academic performance and perceptions of school safety on individual reports of bullying. Findings suggest that prevention and intervention programs may benefit from attending to the emotional well-being of students and support the importance of understanding the role of the school environment in shaping student experiences with bullying. 相似文献
160.
Ronet Bachman Erin M. Kerrison Raymond Paternoster Lionel Smith Daniel O'Connell 《Women & Criminal Justice》2013,23(3):212-231
Using a sample of 118 drug-involved women originally released from prison in the 1990s and re-interviewed between 2010 and 2011, this paper examines the role motherhood played in the desistance process from crime and substance abuse. Interview narratives revealed that motherhood rarely functioned as a turning point per se that activated desistance, but caring for children did serve to solidify prosocial identities once offenders had transformed their addict/criminal identities. Despite their identity transformations, however, the journey of desistance for the majority of mothers was still a long and arduous path. The reality for these mothers most often resembled a hostile terrain marked by the competing demands of battling addiction, finding employment and suitable housing with a criminal record, establishing visitation and custody rights in family court, and regaining the trust of children and family members who had long ago lost faith in their commitment to their families. This research illuminates the complexities inherent in the desistance process for a contemporary sample of drug involved adult women entrenched within the criminal justice system. 相似文献