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Esther Ramp 《澳大利亚女权主义者研究》1989,4(10):141-146
Patricia Spallone and Deborah Lynn Steinberg (eds), Made to Order: The Myth of Reproductive and Genetic Progress (The Athene Series, Pergamon Press), Oxford, 1987; Michelle Stanworth (ed.), Reproductive Technologies: Gender, Motherhood and Medicine (Polity Press), Cambridge, 1987. 相似文献
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Esther Calvete Izaskun Orue Manuel Gámez-Guadix 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2016,22(2):271-284
Cyberbullying, the harassment of others via new technologies, is a growing phenomenon with important consequences for its victims. Despite the growing interest in this new form of violence, only a few longitudinal studies have analyzed the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and psychological problems, such as depression, in adolescents. Furthermore, the mechanisms through which cyberbullying victimization contributes to the development of depressive symptoms remain almost unexplored. The current study assesses whether cyberbullying victimization predicts the increase in depressive symptoms over time and the role of body image and cognitive schemas in the association between cyberbullying victimization and depression. We hypothesized that victims of cyberbullying would develop a negative body image, the belief that others would hurt them and that they were defective to some degree, and that, as a consequence of these cognitions, they would increase their symptoms of depression. A sample of 1015 adolescents (mean age?=?15.43, SD?=?1.09) completed measures of depressive symptoms at three waves (T1, T2, and T3) spaced 6 months apart, measures of body image and cognitive schemas at T1 and T2, and measures of CB victimization at T1. Findings indicated that CB victimization at T1 predicted a worsening of body image and cognitive schemas of mistrust and defectiveness at T2, and those changes in cognitions predicted in turn an increase in depressive symptoms from T2 to T3. Gender differences were also examined. The model was very similar for boys and girls. However, changes in body image acted as a mediator between CB victimization and depression only in girls. Therefore, this study contributes to clarifying the cognitive mechanisms involved in the development of depression among victims of CB. These findings suggest that intervention programs with victims of CB should address the cognitions that are relevant for the development of depression. 相似文献
14.
Esther Yakobov Whitney Scott Pascal Thibault Michael JL Sullivan 《Psychological injury and law》2016,9(1):41-47
Emerging evidence suggests that perceived injustice is a risk factor for poor recovery outcomes in individuals with whiplash injuries. The present study examined the relative contributions of treatment-related reductions in pain severity, depressive symptoms, and disability in the prediction of reductions in perceived injustice in individuals with whiplash injury. The study sample consisted of 71 individuals (43 women and 28 men) who sustained whiplash injuries in motor vehicle accidents and who were enrolled in a treatment program designed to promote functional recovery following whiplash injury. For the purposes of this study, only individuals who scored above the risk threshold on a measure of perceived injustice were included in the study sample. Participants completed measures of pain severity, disability, depressive symptomatology, and perceived injustice prior to treatment and after treatment. Change scores were computed for study variables. The results revealed that reductions in pain severity and disability were correlated with reductions in perceived injustice. Regression analyses revealed that only reductions in disability contributed significant unique variance to the prediction of reductions in perceived injustice. Clinical and theoretical implications of the present findings are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Michael J. L. Sullivan Heather Adams Esther Yakobov Tamra Ellis Pascal Thibault 《Psychological injury and law》2016,9(1):48-54
The present study examined the psychometric properties of a shortened and simplified version of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ). The instructional set of the original IEQ was modified to make it better suited to the context of debilitating health and mental health conditions that do not necessarily arise as a result of injury. The number of items was reduced from 12 to 5, and the response scale was simplified. The Injustice Experiences Questionnaire – Short Form (IEQ-SF) was administered to individuals diagnosed with a chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) condition (N?=?88) or major depressive disorder (MDD) (N?=?87). The internal consistency of the IEQ-SF was acceptable. The IEQ-SF was significantly correlated with measures of pain severity, depressive symptom severity and disability in both samples. Individuals with MDD scored higher on the IEQ-SF than individuals with MSK. The IEQ-SF was shown to be sensitive to treatment-related reductions in perceived injustice. Preliminary analyses suggest that the IEQ-SF is a reliable and valid measure of disability-related injustice perceptions associated with debilitating health and mental health conditions. 相似文献
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Martinez-Gonzalez LJ Lorente JA Martinez-Espin E Alvarez JC Lorente M Villanueva E Budowle B 《Journal of forensic sciences》2007,52(2):397-399
We report a case where an alleged father (AF) attempted to substitute someone else's saliva sample for his reference sample in a paternity analysis. Buccal cells were collected from the AF and the child, and DNA analysis was performed using an autosomal STR loci (Identifiler). The profile from the AF showed extra peaks in some loci, as well as a much higher "X" allele peak relative to the "Y" allele peak at the amelogenin locus. After conducting reanalysis by another technician with another set of positive and negative controls, it was concluded that the only source of the mixed profile was by intentional introduction by the AF, at the time of sampling, of some foreign human biological material, most likely saliva from a woman. Owing to the inconclusive results, when the AF was called back to the lab and the peculiar results were explained to him, he admitted that he had introduced into his mouth saliva from another person in an attempt to be excluded as the father of the child. Although tampering with DNA reference samples is not common, some individuals may attempt to contaminate or otherwise adulterate specimens before DNA tests. Personnel responsible for sampling should be aware of this possibility and should try to establish procedures to avoid the problem. 相似文献
18.
Olalla Baz Esther Fernández-Molina 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2018,24(3):237-252
The empirical evidence on the process-based model of self-regulation shows that procedural justice evaluations and the perceived legitimacy of authorities impact law-abiding behavior. However, few studies analyze this theory from the perspective of adolescent legal socialization. The present study aims to examine the process-based model and other socializing agents such as family, school and peers that may have an effect on it. The sample comprised 2041 youths residing in Spain, aged between 13 and 18 years. The data form part of the Third International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD-3). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to predict police legitimacy and juvenile delinquency. The results reveal that police legitimacy perceptions are not only influenced by procedural justice, but also by parental monitoring, school attachment, and delinquent peers. Moreover, perceptions of police legitimacy, parental monitoring, and delinquent peers predict juvenile delinquency. These findings complement and add new explanatory factors to the process-based model. 相似文献
19.
Research has accumulated to suggest that perceived injustice is a risk factor for poor recovery outcomes in individuals with whiplash injuries. The present study examined the relative contributions of treatment-related reductions in perceived injustice and pain severity, in the prediction of reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms in individuals with whiplash injury. The study sample consisted of 146 individuals (66 women, 80 men) who sustained whiplash injuries in motor vehicle collisions and were enrolled in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program designed to promote functional recovery following whiplash injury. Participants completed measures of pain severity, disability, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and perceived injustice prior to treatment and after treatment. Pearson correlations revealed that all study variables were significantly correlated. Regression analyses revealed that, at the time of enrollment in the intervention, perceived injustice accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in posttraumatic stress symptom severity, beyond the variance accounted for by pain severity. Paired sample t-tests revealed significant reductions in perceived injustice, pain severity, and posttraumatic stress symptom severity through the course of treatment. For individuals who scored above clinical threshold on a measure of posttraumatic stress symptoms at the time of enrollment in the intervention (N?=?71), regression analyses revealed that reductions in perceived injustice accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in reduction of posttraumatic stress symptoms, beyond the variance accounted for by reduced pain severity. Clinical and theoretical implications of the present findings are discussed. 相似文献
20.
Esther Versluis 《West European politics》2013,36(1):50-67
While considerable attention is paid to the legal aspect of implementation of European directives, the practical ‘street-level’ implementation of EU law remains to a large extent a ‘black box’. This article sheds light on this black box with a study on the implementation of the Safety Data Sheets Directive in the Netherlands, Germany, the United Kingdom and Spain. This cross-national analysis reveals that different phases in the implementation process leave different traces. Although the member states correctly and completely transposed the directive, compliance by the regulated leaves something to be desired and enforcement by regulators is rare and varies considerably between and within the countries. This article looks into the factors that explain why even rules do not necessarily lead to even practices and argues for more attention for the phase of practical implementation. 相似文献