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561.
William Bernet M.D. Nilgun Gregory Ph.D. Ronald P. Rohner Ph.D. Kathleen M. Reay Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(4):1225-1234
Parental alienation (rejection of a parent without legitimate justification) and realistic estrangement (rejection of a parent for a good reason) are generally accepted concepts among mental health and legal professionals. Alienated children, who were not abused, tend to engage in splitting and lack ambivalence with respect to their parents; estranged children, who were maltreated, usually perceive their parents in an ambivalent manner. The hypothesis of this study was that a psychological test—the Parental Acceptance–Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ)—will help to distinguish severely alienated from nonalienated children. The PARQ, which was used to identify and quantify the degree of splitting for each participant, was administered to 45 severely alienated children and 71 nonalienated children. The PARQ-Gap score—the difference between each child's PARQ: Father score and PARQ: Mother score—was introduced and defined in this research. Using a PARQ-Gap score of 90 as a cut point, this test was 99% accurate in distinguishing severely alienated from nonalienated children. This research presents a way to distinguish parental alienation from other reasons for contact refusal. The PARQ-Gap may be useful for both clinicians and forensic practitioners in evaluating children of separating and divorced parents when there is a concern about the possible diagnosis of parental alienation. 相似文献
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Rothman EF Stuart GL Winter M Wang N Bowen DJ Bernstein J Vinci R 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2012,27(15):2959-2979
Objective: This study retrospectively examined the daily-level associations between youth alcohol use and dating abuse (DA) victimization and perpetration for a 6-month period. Method: Timeline Followback (TLFB) interview data were collected from 397 urban emergency department patients, ages 17 to 21 years. Patients were eligible if they reported past month alcohol use and past year dating. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses estimated the likelihood of DA on a given day as a function of alcohol use or heavy use (≥4 drinks per day for women, ≥5 drinks per day for men), as compared with nonuse. Results: Approximately 52% of men and 61% of women participants reported experiencing DA victimization ≥1 times during the past 6 months, and 45% of men and 55% of women reported perpetrating DA ≥1 times. For both men and women, DA perpetration was more likely on a drinking day as opposed to a nondrinking day (ORs = 1.70 and ORs = 1.69, respectively). DA victimization was also more likely on a drinking day as opposed to a nondrinking day for both men and women (ORs = 1.23 and ORs = 1.34, respectively). DA perpetration and DA victimization were both more likely on heavy drinking days as opposed to nondrinking days (2.04 and 2.03 for men's and women's perpetration, respectively, and 1.41 and 1.43 for men's and women's victimization, respectively). Conclusions: This study found that alcohol use was associated with increased risk for same day DA perpetration and victimization, for both male and female youth. We conclude that for youth who use alcohol, alcohol use is a potential risk factor for DA victimization and perpetration. 相似文献
564.
Gregory Tassey 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2007,32(6):605-615
The R&E tax credit has never been effective and subsequent attempts to restructure it have not addressed the major deficiencies.
Moreover, in the 25 years since the R&E tax credit was enacted, a steadily increasing number of countries have implemented
or expanded competing tax incentives, which in many cases are better structured and larger in size. As a result, the relative
impact of the US credit is now negative in terms of incentives to conduct R&D within the domestic economy. The inadequacy
of the credit stems largely from its small size and its incremental format. The impact of an R&D tax incentive is affected
by its scope of coverage, the ability of industry to take advantage of it over the entire R&D cycle, the magnitude of the
incentive relative to other nations’ tax policies, and its ease of implementation. In the end, a tax incentive must sufficiently
lower the user’s cost of R&D to overcome barriers to allocation of private-sector resources commensurate with the potential
rates of return on such investments. As a policy instrument, a tax incentive for R&D should be most effective if its form
is a flat rate applied to all R&D.
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Gregory TasseyEmail: |
565.
Public Choice - Members of the subfield of American Political Development (APD), like other political scientists, are confronting the identification revolution in the social sciences. They are... 相似文献
566.
Journal of Chinese Political Science - 相似文献
567.
Gregory Pierce 《Development in Practice》2017,27(3):288-300
Many residents of urban areas face joint obstacles to basic service access, but these barriers are more prevalent and severe in slum settlements. Analyses of obstacles have typically been conducted in a piecemeal rather than synthetic framework and have focused on access to single services rather than the range of services needed to support household welfare. By contrast, this study uses data from fieldwork in four slum settlements situated in Hyderabad, India to develop a typology synthesising the obstacles – economic, spatial, social, institutional, and political – to the full range of service access desired by residents. Economic differences explain little of the access deficit within this population. While social and institutional obstacles are more likely to explain slum formation and residence over the long term, variation in spatial and political factors present the most acute short-term access barriers. The article concludes by suggesting the most promising means for slum residents and supporting stakeholders to overcome multi-faceted obstacles. 相似文献
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569.
Josef Gregory Mahoney 《北京周报(英文版)》2015,(13):18-19
<正>Economic strength and bold leadership typify modern ChinaPrior to China's reform and opening up,there were often fierce debates between senior Chinese policymakers on whether a new policy or reform indicated that"politics was in command"or conversely,"economics."While these terms are politically archaic today,reflecting on them briefly can provide a useful rubric for 相似文献
570.