Lie Detection Accuracy—the Role of Age and the Use of Emotions as a Reliable Cue

Literature surrounding the accuracy of deception detection has produced inconsistent findings, and the majority of investigations have been based upon low-stakes lies. Although recent research has suggested that high-stakes situations may produce reliable cues to deception, it remains unclear whether knowledge of these cues actually improves the detection of lies. In an online experiment, we assessed participant’s ability to detect lies in 22 public appeals for help with missing or murdered relatives (N = 196). Participants were randomly allocated to either the cue condition (presented with previously identified cues to deception) or no cue condition (instructed to make judgement on instinct), before being presented with the video footage. Participants were asked to indicate whether the appealer is lying or telling the truth, how confident they are in their judgement and if they were familiar with the case. At the end of the experiment, participants wrote qualitative responses on the cues that they used during lie detection. Although cue knowledge and confidence did not significantly predict accuracy scores, there was a positive relationship between accuracy and age. Participants who used emotion-based cues were significantly better at detecting deception. The findings are discussed with reference to the existence of reliable cues.     

Testing the three- and four-factor models of the Korean version PCL-R as predictors of two antisocial outcomes – recidivism and risk

Psychopathy has consistently been associated with antisocial outcomes. The three- and four-factor models have been best fitted to data relating to Korean serious offenders (N?=?451), offering construct validity of the Korean Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R). However, no study has yet tested the predictive power of the Korean PCL-R to explain two different types of antisocial outcomes: (1) risk of inmates measured by correctional officers during incarceration and (2) recidivism after release. By exploring these two forms of antisociality, here we sought to establish the predictive and construct validities of the Korean version of PCL-R. We found that the deviant lifestyle (Factor 3) performed best for predicting both antisocial forms (risk and recidivism) and that the deficits in interpersonal (Factor 1) and affective (Factor 2) abilities also uniquely predicted one subtype of risk, which suggests the three-factor model is better than the four-factor model in predictions. These findings will be useful for criminal justice experts and practitioners in Korea.     

从广义上研究公安文化 从整体上建设公安文化

公安文化建设系统工程化需要广义的公安文化。公安文化是在公安事业中反映公安现象的意识形态。公安文化水平相当大的程度上取决于对公安客体的认识水平。党和政府在领导公安事业中创制了公安文化。人民的治安意识是公安文化的基础。系统工程化是公安文化整体建设、持续发展的根本条件。     

论检察告诉对告诉才处理案件的救济--法理与制度的双重分析

关于告诉才处理案件中的检察告诉制度 ,学界对其虽有论及 ,但真正深入探讨的不多。因而理论上的模糊导致司法实践在此方面操作上的困惑 ,影响了对该制度的有效实施。笔者在对相关制度及立法意图进行全面分析的基础上 ,提出了检察告诉仅仅是一种国家帮助告诉并不能改变告诉才处理案件的性质的观点 ,同时阐述了国家帮助告诉应当遵循的原则 ,并在此基础上提出了对该制度的一些修改意见。     

加快广西出海大通道建设的思考

广西出海大通道的建设虽然已取得很大成绩,但还存在着不少问题和不足。为了加速大通道的建设,使其能更有效地为西部大开发和振兴广西经济服务,我们必须更进一步地强化市场意识,从体制改革、合理规划、点线结合、硬软兼施等多方面采取更有力的措施。     

中美死刑制度比较研究

中美两国是世界上有影响的国家,这两个国家仍然保留死刑的适用。目前,中国还不能彻底废除死刑,但应该严格控制死刑适用。从法律传统看,中美两国分属于大陆法系与英美法系,对这两个国家的死刑制度进行比较研究,无论是对中国死刑制度的改革还是对美国死刑制度的修正都是有其积极意义的。     

Analysing agricultural investment from the realities of small-scale food providers: grounding the debates

Abstract

Over the past decade, agricultural investment has been presented as a catchall solution to a converging set of global crises, often with poor rural communities as the proclaimed beneficiaries. Yet the promises of such investment, such as poverty alleviation and improved food access, are routinely at odds with realities on the ground. This article offers frameworks for analysis of agricultural investment that are grounded in the realities of small-scale food providers, drawing from two studies. The first study employs a right to food framework to identify the main channels through which food for consumption is procured by small-scale food providers and the factors impacting these channels. It draws on empirical data from within the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT), an investment model promised to lift rural communities out of poverty, which reflects a regional trend. Based on the shortcomings of the large-scale investments examined, the second study employs a food sovereignty framework to explore alternative forms of investment envisioned and/or already being put into practice by small-scale food providers in the SAGCOT area and elsewhere in Tanzania. While two different frameworks formed the basis of two different studies, both the studies and their frameworks are interrelated. The final section of this article makes the case for why both the right to food and food sovereignty are essential lenses for understanding agricultural investment vis-à-vis small-scale food providers and the ways in which they can serve as complementary tools for effective analysis.     

规范干部选任初始提名权的探索与实践——以福州市鼓楼区为例

初始提名是干部选拔任用的首要环节,在整个干部选拔任用程序中发挥着关键性和导向性作用,也是干部选拔任用中问题相对集中、争议较多的环节.2009年福州市鼓楼区开展了"科学规范和有效监督用人行为"调研试点工作,对规范初始提名权方面进行了许多积极的探索.     

社区工作者队伍职业化的探索与实践——关于福州市鼓楼区打造社区人才"培养链"的调研报告

随着经济社会的发展,社区作为城市社会的基本单元,其重要性日益凸显.建设一支年龄结构合理、文化层次较高的社区工作者队伍,是加强社区各项工作、推进和谐社区建设的关键.文章对福州市鼓楼区社区人才培养情况进行调研,探索建立社区人才"培养链"的措施与成效,并对推进社区工作者队伍职业化提出建议与思考.     

中亚与中东油气资源比较

石油天然气研究上的中亚地区一般指里海以东的哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦五国和里海以西的阿塞拜疆、格鲁吉亚、亚美尼亚三国。其中主要石油生产国是阿塞拜疆和哈斯克斯坦,主要天然气生产国是土库曼、乌兹别克、哈萨克和阿塞拜疆。