Occupational injury and illness recording and reporting requirements. Final rule

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is revising the hearing loss recording provisions of the Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting Requirements rule published January 19, 2001 (66 FR 5916-6135), scheduled to take effect on January 1, 2003 (66 FR 52031-52034). This final rule revises the criteria for recording hearing loss cases in several ways, including requiring the recording of Standard Threshold Shifts (10 dB shifts in hearing acuity) that have resulted in a total 25 dB level of hearing above audiometric zero, averaged over the frequencies at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz, beginning in year 2003.     

Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program: administrative implementation. Interim final rule

The Smallpox Emergency Personnel Protection Act of 2003 (SEPPA), authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services (the Secretary), to establish the Smallpox Vaccine Injury Compensation Program ("the Program"). This program is designed to provide benefits and/or compensation to certain persons harmed as a direct result of receiving smallpox covered countermeasures, including the smallpox vaccine, or as a direct result of contracting vaccinia through certain accidental exposures. In addition, the Secretary may provide death benefits to certain survivors of individuals who died as the direct result of these injuries. On August 27, 2003, the Secretary published an interim final rule that set out a Smallpox (Vaccinia) Vaccine Injury Table ("the Table"). The table includes adverse effects (including injuries, disabilities, conditions, and deaths) within specific time periods that shall be presumed to result from the receipt of, or exposure to, the smallpox vaccine. The Secretary will use this table, as well as the procedures set out in this regulation, in deciding whether persons are eligible to receive benefits under the program. In this interim final rule, the Secretary is setting out the administrative policies, procedures, and requirements governing the program, as authorized by the SEPPA. The Secretary is seeking public comment on this interim final rule.     

一起毒鼠强食物中毒的调查分析及其实验室筛查探索

目的　探讨原因不明性食物中毒的检查策略。　方法　结合一起发生的原因不明性食物中毒案例 ,应用流行病学和简易急性动物试验等方法 ,对导致中毒的致病因素进行分析与判定。　结果　中毒案例的暴露时间为早餐时 ,平均潜伏期为 4 7.84分。中毒反应以神经症状和消化道症状为主。依病例的客观特征分层对其食谱分析 ,筛选出水煮豆腐是本次中毒的可疑食物。 7种剩余食物进行的急性动物试验中发现 ,水煮豆腐的小白鼠灌注量与中毒反应呈剂量反应关系 ,半数致死剂量为LD5 0 =1.68mg/ g。气相色谱 - -质谱仪分析确定水煮豆腐中的毒性性质为四次甲基二砜四胺。　结论　本案通过采用症状分析、急性动物实验和毒物分析测定方法确定了一起原因不明性食物中毒的中毒原因。这种检查策略有助于原因不明性食物中毒及其它突发中毒事件的性质判定。     

“苏丹红”给我国食品安全法律体系带来的启示

“苏丹红一号”事件再次将人们的目光锁定在食品安全问题之上。完善的法律制度体系是保障食品安全、维护人民生命健康的重要手段,透过本次“围剿苏丹红”行动中的种种现象,我们不难发现当前我国食品安全法律体系尚存在一些弊端,建立完善的食品安全法律体系是我们亟待解决的问题。     

完善我国的转基因生物安全法规体系

随着我国转基因生物活动的发展,许多生物安全问题逐渐凸显。而我国目前的生物安全立法无法满足转基因生物活动的需要,因此我国亟需建立完整的生物安全法规体系,促进转基因生物技术的发展。     

关于流动型务工人员加入工会的思考

随着企事业单位劳动人事制度改革的深入,流动型务工人员已经成为社会主义现代化建设的重要力量。及时吸收他们加入工会组织,有效地保护他们的合法权益,充分凋动他们的劳动热情和积极性,是工会组织义不容辞的责任。吸收流动型务工人员入会要从转变观念、建立必要的规章制度做起,同时要在全社会形成共识,尽快建立起与之相适应的协调机制。     

从一起“医闹”事件思考“医闹”成因与对策

通过某医院处置一起＂医闹＂事件,分析成因,提出实行医疗体制改革、建立第三方医患纠纷调解机制、完善医疗责任保险、设立医疗风险救济、政府部门通力合作、社会各界共同参与等解决＂医闹＂的建议。     

我国医疗机构分类管理制度探讨

我国的医疗机构分类管理制度已实施10年,在医改背景下对其进行系统分析具有重要意义。本文通过分析医疗机构分类管理制度的构成、内容和实施现状,指出该制度在法律基础、分类方法、配套制度等方面存在的问题,并从法律规范的建设、政府职能的转变、行政管理方式的改变等方面提出了政策建议。