The Heterogeneous Effects of a Food Price Crisis on Child School Enrolment and Labour: Evidence from Pakistan

Using a panel survey, this paper investigates how food price increases in Pakistan in 2008–2010 affect children’s school enrolment and labour. The causal identification relies on the geographical variations in food (wheat) price. The results show that the negative impacts of food price increase on school enrolment differ by gender, economic status and the presence of siblings. The negative effects on school do not directly correspond to the increase in child labour because the transition from being idle to labour activity or from school to being idle is significant, particularly among poor girls. The results also show that children in households with access to agricultural lands are not affected by higher food prices. The analyses reveal a more dynamic picture of the impact of food price increase on child status and contribute to broader policy discussion to mitigate the impact of crises on child education.     

和谐社会构建中的阶层利益整合问题评析

社会结构的新变化推动着阶层结构的新变化,目前新的阶层结构正处于成型时期,阶层关系的复杂性、阶层利益的分化与冲突影响和阻碍社会的正常发展。为此,整合阶层利益,协调阶层关系是推动社会向着和谐、健康发展的道路和方向。而构建和谐社会是对各种利益关系、社会矛盾进行不断调整和处理的过程。     

市场社会主义与社会主义市场经济辨析

市场社会主义理论具有独特的社会发展观,与我国社会主义市场经济既有联系,更有分歧,对我国社会主义市场经济发展,既是理论冲击,又是实践考验。辨析它们之间的趋同与差异,对于界定和推进中国特色社会主义市场经济具有理论和现实意义。     

Parent–Adolescent Discrepancies in Reports of Parenting and Adolescent Outcomes in Mexican Immigrant Families

Parents and adolescents often have discrepant views of parenting which pose challenges for researchers regarding how to deal with information from multiple informants. Although recent studies indicate that parent–adolescent discrepancies in reports of parenting can be useful in predicting adolescent outcomes, their findings are mixed regarding whether discrepancies relate to more positive or more negative adolescent outcomes. This study examined the longitudinal implications of parent–adolescent discrepancies in reports of parenting (warmth, monitoring, and reasoning) on adolescent behavioral, psychological, academic, and physical health outcomes among Mexican immigrant families in the United States. Participants were 604 adolescents (54% female, M _age.wave1?=?12.41 years) and their parents. Taking a person-centered approach, this study identified distinct patterns of parent–adolescent discrepancies in parenting and their different associations with later adolescent outcomes. Adolescents’ more negative perceptions of parenting relative to parents were associated with more negative adolescent outcomes, whereas adolescents’ more positive perceptions relative to parents related to more positive adolescent outcomes. There were also variations in discrepancy patterns and their associations with adolescent outcomes between mother–adolescent vs. father-adolescent dyads. Findings of the current study highlight individual variations of discrepancies among parent–adolescent dyads and the importance of considering both the magnitude and direction of discrepancies regarding their associations with adolescent well-being.     

公诉引导侦查取证工作机制研究

修改后的律师法给公诉工作带来新的挑战,律师介入的提前,口供的弱化,要求检察机关公诉部门强化对侦查取证工作的规范化指导,建立引导取证工作机制。笔者认为,公诉部门可以通过制定基本证据标准、明确范围和内容、把握引导取证的介入方式、加强与侦查机关的工作联系,建立起公诉引导侦查取证的良性工作机制,使引导取证工作规范化、制度化。     

“乡财县管”制度对乡镇财政支出的约束效果——基于湖南两试点乡镇的实证分析

"乡财县管"制度是中央继农村税费改革之后提出的又一重大措施,旨在通过规范乡镇财政收支来缓解基层财政困难、巩固农村税费改革成果.以湖南两试点乡镇为例,从乡镇财政支出的视角对这项改革的实际效果进行了跟踪性实证研究,结果发现:"乡财县管"制度的实施规范了乡镇财政支出活动,但也提高了财务运行成本;保证了工资正常发放,但也加剧了乡镇机构运转困难与公共服务缺位;规范了乡镇预算内支出,但仍难以控制预算外支出.为此,需要通过进一步改革县乡财政体制、建立规范的县乡政府间转移支付制度、转变乡镇财政职能和推进县乡财政信息化等措施,来完善"乡财县管"制度,提高乡镇财政的运行绩效.     

中国共产党在意识形态建设理论上的创新

中华人民共和国的成立,标志着现代中国历史的开始.没有共产党就没有新中国,就没有中国特色社会主义.共产党之所以能够缔造新中国和领导建设新中国,就在于始终坚持马克思主义中国化的正确方向,其实质是科学社会主义的基本原理同中国的具体实际以及时代特征相结合.因此,坚持既一脉相承又与时俱进的马克思主义就成为新中国的灵魂,也是新中国主流意识形态建设的基本经验.无论是社会主义制度建立前后,还是改革开放前后,我们都始终在紧紧抓住党的工作中心的同时,一刻也不放松意识形态工作.在坚持马克思主义精髓的前提下,围绕现代中国实践的重大问题.不断开拓马克思主义中国化的新境界,使得以马克思主义为核心的主流意识形态成为凝聚人心、形成共识、稳定大局的有效保障.