未成年社区服刑人员矫正对策研究

未成年社区服刑人员是社区矫正适用对象的特殊类型,与成年社区服刑人员相比,未成年社区服刑人员在认知、情感、意志和行为方面存在显著差异。矫正工作者坚持教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则,实施主题不同的思想、法制、道德和文化教育,并根据其心理状况,积极开展心理健康教育、心理咨询和心理治疗,以有利于未成年社区服刑人员身心发展,并达到预期的刑罚目的和矫正效果。     

Curzon,Lloyd George and the control of British foreign policy, 1919–22: A reassessment

This article reappraises the complex relationship between Lord Curzon and Lloyd George in the years between the former's appointment as Foreign Secretary and the latter's fall from office as Prime Minister in 1922. It argues that the widely held view that Lloyd George held Curzon in contempt and marginalized him in the conduct of foreign affairs is not accurate. Their relationship is presented as being one of mutual respect and significant levels of cooperation. The article thus questions the extent to which the Foreign Office suffered an ‘eclipse’ in this period.     

诉讼与仲裁的功能比较--兼论仲裁的功能优势

作为一种社会解决纠纷机制来说,诉讼的主要功能仍在于解决纠纷、消除冲突.这对于维护社会秩序是非常必要的.但是,作为一种特殊的纠纷解决方式和社会控制机制,诉讼也不可避免地存在着结构性功能缺陷.与诉讼相比,仲裁的特点在于其程序简便、结案较快、费用开支较少、不具备行政特色、能独立公正和迅速地解决争议,给予当事人充分地自治权;同时具有客观性、灵活性、保密性、终局性和裁决书易于得到执行等优点.这种优势正是各国定位仲裁与诉讼关系的基础.     

非洲和平与安全建设：南非的区域大国角色及限度*

作为区域大国,南非在非洲安全秩序构建中发挥着重要作用。1994年民主转型后,南非国家身份定位由西方的白人飞地转变为非洲国家,以非洲为中心成为南非外交政策的战略优先。南非非国大政府秉持新的国家身份认知,不再将非洲国家视为国家安全的威胁,而是命运与共的合作伙伴。南非通过参与解决非洲国家冲突、加强非洲集体安全机制建设、支持非洲冲突后重建与发展进程、推动联合国与非盟加强战略协调与合作、参与多边维和行动等方式参与非洲和平与安全建设,扮演了区域安全公共产品供给者的角色。南非虽然在非洲和平与安全建设的某些领域发挥了独特的引领作用,但经济增长乏力和国力相对下降,使其越来越无法有效应对日趋复杂的非洲安全形势。域外大国和国家集团加大对非洲安全事务的干预力度、其他非洲区域大国的竞争,也对南非在非洲和平与安全建设领域发挥引领作用形成了制约。在新冠肺炎疫情冲击、经济增长陷入衰退和社会矛盾加剧的背景下,南非政府将把更多精力和资源用于解决国内经济和社会发展问题,直接介入非洲冲突解决的意愿和能力会有所下降。南非在参与非洲安全事务过程中将更加惜用自身国内经济军事资源,进一步提升对外交手段、非洲集体安全机制的依靠。     

劳权本位:劳动法律体系构建的基点和核心--兼论劳动法律体系的几个基本理论问题

劳动法律体系的建构,应以劳权本位作为理论出发点,应以劳权的实现和保障为其基点和核心.本文所提出的劳权概念,是指法律所规定或认可的劳动者在履行劳动义务的同时所应享有的与劳动有关的权益.劳权即劳工权益应是劳动法律的基本范畴和劳动立法起始概念.本文提出和论证了劳动者的概念和法律特征,认为市场经济下的劳动关系中的劳动者应为受雇于他人的以工资收入为基本生活来源的直接生产者.本文还提出了劳权关系的概念,认为劳权关系是劳动法律关系的本质体现,这一关系是相对于产权关系和经营权关系而言的,现代企业制度的经济权利结构是由产权、经营权和劳权的三权关系所构成的.     

俄罗斯经济转型的重新思考

俄罗斯15年来的经济转轨历程不断引起人的思考。经历了“休克疗法”的激进改革之后,俄罗斯经济发展的出路究竟在何处。俄罗斯经济转型时之所以选择了激进的改革道路,是一系列因素的综合结果。激进式经济改革的特点和俄罗斯当时的政治经济状况是激进式改革道路选择的主要依据。     

Regulatory dynamism of environmental mobilization in urban China

In China, urban middle class mobilization against potential pollution risk has become increasingly common. This article examines this phenomenon through a detailed case study of a 2009 anti‐waste incinerator campaign in the Panyu District of Guangzhou, which culminated in a sizeable public protest and government U‐turn. This episode revealed tension between the narrow, state‐centered regulatory model fixated on end‐of‐pipe pollution control, and a much broader decentered approach advocated – and practiced – by project opponents, which incorporated public consultation and much greater emphasis on upstream waste reduction and sorting. In the process, the Panyu campaign progressed beyond a case of “regulation by escalation,” whereby beneficial regulations are belatedly enforced following populist pressure. Instead, it transformed into an open dialogue between a plurality of actors, including citizens, journalists, experts, and officials, about what regulation should constitute and who should determine acceptable levels of risk. By focusing on the processes through which regulatory issues emerged and changed during the Panyu campaign, this article highlights the regulatory dynamism of environmental mobilization in a context of regulatory uncertainty, and campaigns against “locally unwanted land uses” more broadly.