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201.
Oxendine Alina Sullivan John L. Borgida Eugene Riedel Eric Jackson Melinda Dial Jessica 《Political Behavior》2007,29(1):31-67
We contend that political context is important to consider when analyzing social capital and that context has an important
but neglected impact on understanding the consequences of civic activity. Our focus is on the influence of rural, local leadership
in two Minnesota communities and policies that these elites have developed to bring Internet connectivity to their citizens.
One city developed a community electronic network and the other opted for an individualistic, entrepreneurial approach to
information technology. Using a quasi-experimental research design and four-wave panel data, we find that elite policy approaches
interact with civic activity to predict technology use among citizens, even long after the policies’ initial implementation.
In the city with a community network, residents who are integrated into civic life are able to harness these political resources
to become more technologically sophisticated.
相似文献
Alina OxendineEmail: |
202.
203.
Samuolis Jessica Layburn Kiera Schiaffino Kathleen M. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2001,30(3):373-384
Previous research reveals the need to study adolescents' levels of exploration and commitment instead of overall identity categories for the purpose of identifying developmental trends in identity development. Similarly, attachment research points to the importance of considering separate measures of attachment to mother and attachment to father, as well as considering gender differences in attachment to parents. We tested the hypothesis regarding the relative levels of the identity-related constructs of commitment and exploration in relationship to adolescent males' and females' attachment to parents. The self-report data from 100 first-year college students suggests that females had significantly higher levels of exploration and commitment than the male subjects. Females' identity development was related to attachment relationships to parents, especially attachment to mother, while males' identity development was unrelated to attachment to either parent. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for the development of university student services. 相似文献
204.
Jessica J. Eckstein 《Journal of family violence》2011,26(1):21-30
Victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) often are blamed for remaining in abusive relationships. As a result, victims may
communicate messages rationalizing why they stay. Systematic, comparative examinations of these messages directed toward self and others by males versus females
have not been conducted. This study addresses a gap in the literature by exploring victims’ communication regarding staying.
Self-reports of 345 heterosexual IPV victims (N = 239 women, 106 men) demonstrated that more justifications were communicated internally to self than externally to others.
Men and women differed significantly in only three of 14 messages, with men choosing more stereotypically masculine reasons
for staying. Findings are discussed in terms of applications to victims and their stay-leave decision-making in IPV relationships. 相似文献
205.
Jessica Silbey 《Journal of law and society》2001,28(1):97-116
Any one film can sustain a myriad of compelling intepretations. A collection of films, however, sharing formal and substantive qualities, reveals a common effect more than a diversity of meanings. This essay traces the shared formal and substantive qualities of a group of films, as I name them ‘trial films’. It documents this genre of film by identifying the genre’s norms of viewing and identification. It also investigates peculiar hybrid discourse of the trial film genre that combines both filmic and legal discursive practices to show how trial films cultivate support for the American system of law through its constitution of a specific viewing audience. In so doing, I broach the following questions: how do images of law in film help sustain the power and legitimacy of legal institutions? How does the study of film genres, like the courtroom drama, reveal the way law lives beyond its formal processes? 相似文献
206.
Jessica S. Schnoll Jennifer Connolly Wendy J. Josephson Debra Pepler Emily Simkins-Strong 《Journal of school violence》2015,14(2):196-216
Using a developmental-contextual framework, the present study investigated risk factors for same- and cross-gender sexual harassment victimization in 986 middle school students. Participants completed questionnaires in the fall and spring of the same school year so risk factors could be explored longitudinally. Results revealed that gender differences existed for same- and cross-gender forms of harassment. While girls reported more instances of receiving same- and cross-gender unwanted sexual attention, boys were more likely to report being victims of same-gender gender harassment. Important differences in risk factors also existed. Being bullied in the fall and feeling disconnected from school were risk factors for same-gender victimization but not for cross-gender victimization. Romantic relationship status, which was a significant risk factor for both same- and cross-gender victimization, was qualified by significant gender interactions. Results are explained through a developmental-contextual lens and implications for intervention are discussed. 相似文献
207.
Brianna Anderson B.S. Jessica Meyer J.D. David O. Carter Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(5):1348-1352
Estimating the postmortem interval of skeletal remains is difficult, as few tools exist to do so. To address this problem, we conducted a field experiment to measure the chemistry of swine (Sus scrofa domesticus Linnaeus) gravesoil after 1 year and 3 years postmortem. Carcasses were placed on the soil surface of a pasture during June in a cold (Dfa) climate. Significant (p < 0.05) increases in ninhydrin‐reactive nitrogen, pH, total nitrogen, and nitrate in gravesoil were detected 1 year postmortem. Significant differences in gravesoil chemistry were not detected 3 years postmortem. These observations coincided with gaps in plant growth 1 year postmortem and the development of lush vegetation 3 years postmortem. We conclude that these phenomena can be used to assist the decision‐making process regarding the allocation of resources during the early stages of a death investigation. 相似文献
208.
A minority of men and women with intellectual disabilities at times engage in, and are suspected, or convicted, of illegal activity. Recent policy developments in England and Wales emphasise the need to respond appropriately to putative offending risk through the provision of safe and effective community management, treatment, and support services. In line with these concerns, research has focused increasingly on testing the utility of an evolving variety of risk assessment procedures. Here, the authors set out to challenge the repertoire of a number of prominent and/or recently developed risk assessment procedures and the scope of an associated research literature, on the basis that contextual risk factors are receiving insufficient attention in relation to offending among people with intellectual disabilities. Drawing on the wider criminological literature, a novel study is reported that compares key contemporary proximal social and environmental circumstances in the lives of offenders and non-offenders with intellectual disabilities. A contextual risk score is derived, providing statistical support for increased consideration of the impact of relevant social and environmental circumstances. Increased emphasis on key contextual risk factors is recommended to strengthen community service responses to offenders with intellectual disabilities. 相似文献
209.
Jessica J. Asscher Maja Deković Inge B. Wissink Eveline S. van Vugt Geert Jan J M Stams Willeke A. Manders 《心理学、犯罪与法律》2013,19(2):152-165
The present study focused on the relationship between psychopathy and delinquency in a multiethnic sample of juvenile offenders (N=207, n=105 native Dutch, and n=102 immigrants) referred to a treatment program. Aims were (1) to examine the cross-ethnic equivalence of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD); (2) to compare the mean levels of psychopathic traits in native Dutch and immigrant juvenile delinquents and (3) the strength of the associations between psychopathic traits and delinquency in both the native Dutch and immigrant samples. Measurement invariance was established for APSD factors assessing callous-unemotional (CU) traits and impulsivity. However, there were ethnic differences in the factor structure of narcissism. No differences were found between ethnic groups in mean levels of CU traits and impulsivity. Finally, the association between impulsivity and self-reported delinquency was stronger for native Dutch than for immigrant juveniles. Further research is needed in order to make the treatment of juvenile delinquents with psychopathic traits in ethnic minority groups more effective according to the specific needs of these juveniles. 相似文献
210.