Schadenersatzreform – Gefährdungshaftung und Unternehmerhaftung

Der Entwurf eines neuen ?sterreichischen Schadenersatzrechts sieht Regelungen der Gef?hrdungshaftung sowie der Unternehmerhaftung vor. Der Beitrag untersucht die jeweilige Ausgangslage, das Reformanliegen und die Konsequenzen einer Reform.     

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Ohne Zusammenfassung     

论民法上恶意串通行为之效力

我国民法上关于恶意串通损害第三人利益的行为无效之规定,系在前苏联民法立法和理论的影响下产生的,该规定不具体分析当事人与第三人的利益关系,也不区分行为人意思表示之真实与否,这样一项极其含糊的规定,在实践中极易被曲解和误用,其实际效果必然与立法初衷相悖,是一项不合理的规定,故在今后我国制定民法典时应予取消,对于涉及第三人利益的法律行为之效力,应当斟酌具体情况,加以规定。     

The Relationship Between Religious and Spiritual Factors and the Perpetration of Intimate Personal Violence

Despite some understanding of general correlates and possible antecedents to intimate partner violence (IPV) within the Christian community, the impact of religious and spiritual factors tends to be confounded by other factors and is often misjudged. Archival data from Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) were used to examine the impact of nine religious and spiritual factors on the probability of IPV perpetration by males, aged 18 to 26, who nominally classified themselves as Catholic, Protestant, or Christian. Logistic regression results indicated that IPV perpetration could not be adequately predicted from the religious and spiritual factors. Given the geographic breadth and the size of the Add Health sample, no finding of a predictive model for Christian male-perpetrated IPV challenges the paradigm that religious and spiritual factors should be overtly addressed in faith-based batterers’ programs targeting young adult males.     

民事执行的检察监督

要实现司法改革的目标,人民法院和人民检察院的司法改革应当齐头并进。目前,人民检察院的民事行政监督工作有很多困难,对民事执行工作的监督还没有开展,文章分析了其中原因,以中外检察制度的本质区别为突破口,论证了加强民事执行监督的必要性和法理依据,并对监督的范围和方式等具体问题阐明了作者的观点。     

行政首长问责制推行的实践与完善建议——基于重庆市的调查研究

重庆市行政首长问责制已实施两年多时间,有力地推进了依法行政,得到了群众拥护和支持,但也存在一些不容忽视的问题。要从重庆市推行行政首长问责制的背景、基本做法,归纳出其主要特点,对如何完善行政问责制提出建议。     

Anticorruption agencies: expressive,constructivist and strategic uses

This article explores the reasons for the introduction of anticorruption agencies of a specific type in Eastern Europe. It is argued that one of the important functions of these agencies—which are stronger on information gathering, coordination and strategy rather than on investigation of concrete cases—is to give to the government some leverage over the anticorruption discourse. Presenting the anticorruption commissions and agencies as (discourse-controlling) instruments gives an answer to the troubling question why governing parties are at all interested in the introduction of such bodies. Apart from instrumentalization in political discourse, anticorruption bodies in Eastern Europe have had other effects as well. As shown in the Baltic case, institutional engineering provides for a brief window of opportunity during which political forces committed to integrity could gain the upper hand. The problem in Eastern Europe, however, is not the lack of such windows of opportunities—it is more the lack of really committed political forces capable of continuous and consistent anticorruption effort.